英语常用短语的用法与练习（23）
111. pay off得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动语态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇；(对??进行)报复；收买(某人)；
例句：
①At last, his hard work paid off. 最后，他的努力得到了回报。 ②Did your plan pay off? 你的计划成功了吗?
③It took them three years to pay off the debt.他们三年才还清欠债。 pay短语：
pay for付??的钱；为??而付出代价；pay back sth./pay sb. back sth. 偿还某物/偿还某人某物；pay sb. ...for sth. 因某事而付给某人??；pay sb. ...to do sth. 付给某人??去做某事；pay sb. back for sth. 向??报复； (1). 单项填空
①If you go for a long ride in a friend’s car, it’s the custom to _____ offer to some of the expenses.
A. pay B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back
②The athlete’s years of hard training _____ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up ③– How much did you ____ all these things? -- Not much. They ____ ten yuan.
A. cost, spent B. pay for, spent C. pay for, cost D. take, cost ④Please go on trying. I’m sure the efforts you are ___ will pay off. A. doing B. giving C. making D. sparing (2). 用pay的相关短语填空
①After ten years of hard working she finally _______her debt. ②Our efforts are sure to _______ .
③Have you _______ the milkman this week? ④Have you ______ the money ______ the bank yet? ⑤I will ______ you ______ next week.
112. pick out挑出；选出；辨认出某人或某物；
例句：
①She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job. 她是从数百位申请人里挑选出来做这份工作的。
②He picked out his sister from the crowd. 他从人群中认出了他姐姐。 ③You may pick out any two books listed here．你可以在这图书目录中任选2本。 pick短语：
pick at小口地吃；pick on选择；（作为挨骂或受罚对象）挑中（某人）；pick up捡起；改良；进步；增加；获得；收听； 单项填空：
①This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _____ my
father.
A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out ②—How are you getting on with your business, Tom? —I’m glad to say it is _____ .
A. picking up B. making up C. taking up D. turning up
③She ___ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.
A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up ④This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can ____ my father.
A. find out B. pick outC. look out D. speak out
113. in place在适当的位置；适当；
例句：
①I like everything to be in place. 我喜欢所有东西都放在原来的地方。 ②With everything in place, she started the slide show.一切就绪，她开始放幻灯片。
③She likes to have everything in place．她喜欢把什么事都安排得井井有条。 place短语：
be in/out of order有条理/无条理；坏了；be in/out of control 正常/失控；be in/out of danger 有危险/脱离危险；in place of...＝take the place
of... 代替；取代；give place to被??取代；让位于??；out of place不在适当的位置；不合适； (1). 单项填空：
①His efforts to raise money for his program were ____ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. A. in place B. in sightC. in effect D. in vain
②Can computers take the place of human beings ___? No one can tell. A. by the end B. at the end C. in the end D. until the end ③He is giving her French lessons ___ her teaching him English. A. instead of B. in exchange for C. in the place of D. for a change of
④There is nothing to ___ the soil in place on the hill side. A. hold B. hold up C. hold back D. hold on (2). 完成句子：
①你可以用木柴来取代煤。You can use wood ________ coal.
②棉花要取代丝绸。Cotton is _________ silk. ③你的提议很恰当。Your proposal is quite _________ .
114. prevent ...from 阻止；制止；
例句：
①The heavy rain prevented us from going there.这场大雨使我们没能到那里去。
②This plan will be kept from being carried out.这计划将被阻止实施。 ③Ignorance and superstition prevent them from benefiting from modern medicine.由于无知和迷信，他们无法得到现代医学的好处。 辨析：prevent/stop/keep/protect
prevent, stop, keep与protect四者的常见结构为：
prevent ...(from) doing sth.；stop ...(from) doing sth.；keep ...from doing sth.; 均表示“阻止??做某事”。
上述三个结构中，在主动语态中stop 与prevent后可省去from，但在被动语态中不可省略; 而keep ...from ...中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。另外，protect ...from ...表示“保护??不受??侵袭；阻挡；防御”。from后接能带来伤害或损害的事物。 比较：protect...from与prevent...from
(1)protect...from sth. 保护??免受??；既可指防御敌人的攻击，又可指防御自然界的损害，如风雨、日晒、寒冷、炎热、疾病等。如： ①Oats help lower blood pressure and protect against heart disease.燕麦有助于降低血压和预防心脏病。
②He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.他抬起胳膊保护脸部以免受一击。
(2). prevent...from的意义是：阻止...做...或阻止某事的发生。如： ①We must prevent the water from being polluted. 我们必须阻止水被污染。
②Who prevents their plans from being carrying out?谁阻止他们的计划