Unit 1 Section Ⅳ
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Queen Victoria was monarch of Great Britain from 1837 until her death in 1901. This period is often called the Victorian Age.
Queen Victoria was a stern and serious woman. One reason she was so serious was that she had suffered a great loss. When she was twenty years old, she married a German prince named Albert. Victoria and Albert were deeply in love, and their marriage was extremely happy. In 1861, after they had been
married for twenty-one years, Albert died, leaving Queen Victoria heart broken. For the rest of her life, the lonely Victoria mourned his loss. It was customary in those days for a widow to dress in black for a short time after the death of her husband. But Queen Victoria dressed in black for forty years. And for forty years, as another sign of her grief, she wrote her letters on white paper edged in black.
Even before Prince Albert died, Queen Victoria was known as a very serious woman. She had a strong sense of duty and worked very hard at all her tasks. In her diary she wrote, “I love to be employed; I hate to be idle.” She never forgot that she was Britain's queen and always acted with great dignity(尊严). Victoria had high ideals and moral standards (道德标准) that sometimes made her seem stuffy(古板的)．
She was also very sure of herself. She always thought that she was right, and expected everyone to agree with her.
文章大意：你听说过维多利亚女王吗？阅读本篇，了解一下她的人生经历吧！
1．Which of the following statements about Queen Victoria is NOT true according to the passage?
A．She had great confidence in herself. B．She ruled Great Britain for sixty-four years. C．She enjoyed her marriage to a German prince.
D．She became a serious woman after her beloved husband died.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Even before Prince Albert died, Queen Victoria was known as a very serious woman.”可知，在她丈夫死前，她就是一个很严肃的人。
2．Queen Victoria wrote her letters on white paper edged in black because ________. A．she was a stern woman B．black was her favourite colour
C．that was one way to show her feeling of sadness D．it was a custom among monarchs of Great Britain
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And for forty years, as another sign of her grief, she wrote her letters on white paper edged in black.”可知，她用镶有黑边的纸写信表达她对丈夫的哀悼和怀念。
3．All of the following characteristics EXCEPT ________ can be used to properly describe Queen Victoria.
A．confident C．workaholic
B．lonesome
D．indecisive(优柔寡断的)
答案：D 推理判断题。第二段第六句“For the rest of her life，the lonely Victoria mourned his loss.”说明她孤独；第三段第二句“She had a strong sense of duty and worked very hard at all her tasks.”说明她工作很努力；第四段第一句“She was also very sure of herself.”说明她很自信。只有D项没有涉及。
4．The underlined word “mourned” in the second paragraph means ________. A．felt sad or sorrowful in a social situation
B．expressed publicly one's sadness because someone had died C．checked regularly in order to find out what was happening
D．included in a group of numbers, ages, measurements with particular limits.
答案：B 词义猜测题。从下文来看，丈夫死后，女王一直穿黑衣服，用镶有黑边的白纸写信，以此来表达她对丈夫的哀悼和怀念，由此可推断该词为“悼念；哀悼”。
B
Dr Dian Fossey, one of the world's leading women scientists, had a remarkable career. The work she devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas(大猩猩)of Africa—has proved highly effective and has resulted in the steady (平稳的) increase of this most endangered great apes.
Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963. Three years later，she returned to Africa to begin a long-term study of the mountain gorillas. She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967. She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre camp on September 24,1967.
Fossey's aims were to study gorilla ecology(生态学) and social organization. She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence(出现). By copying gorillas' behaviour and sounds, Fossey began to gain their trust, and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” reached out to touch her hand.
Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas' trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour. Stories and photographs of her work were published in National Geographic Magazine and elsewhere.
In 1977，one of Fossey's favorite gorillas, Digit, was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla protection efforts in the same year.
On December 26, 1985，Fossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke. Her body was discovered near the research centre. Most probably，Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers she'd fought against. On her tombstone(墓碑): “No one loved gorillas more...”
In 1988，the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book.
文章大意：本文介绍了Fossey一生致力于大猩猩的研究和保护工作，建立了研究基地，获得大猩猩的信任，并使濒危动物——巨猿的数量得以增长。
5．Why does the author say Dr Dian Fossey “had a remarkable career”？ A．Because she travelled all over the world. B．Because she liked to play with gorillas. C．Because she studied gorilla ecology.
D．Because she made great apes increase steadily.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，她的工作使濒危动物——巨猿的数量得以平稳增长，这是她的非凡成就。
6．Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fossey's life? a. She established the Digit Fund. b. Her story was shown in a movie. c. She was killed probably by the poachers. d. She established her “Karisoke” centre. A．a，d，c，b C．d，c，b，a
B．a，c，d，b D．d，a，c，b
答案：D 排列组合题。Fossey建立the Digit Fund是在1977年；她的故事被拍成电影是在1988年；她被杀害是在1985年；她建立Karisoke研究中心是在1967年。由此可知D项的排序是正确的。
7．The underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to people who ________. A．sell drugs against the law B．hunt animals against the law C．hate successful people D．like to do harm to people
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据第五、六段中Fossey建立保护大猩猩的基金及她与poachers进行斗争推测，她应该是被偷猎者暗杀的。poacher指“偷猎者”。
8．From the words on Fossey's tombstone, we can infer that ________. A．Fossey was the person who loved gorillas most
B．after Fossey died, no one loved gorillas C．Fossey was the first one to study gorillas D．everybody loved gorillas as Fossey did
答案：A 推理判断题。写在Fossey墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”，也就是说Fossey是最爱大猩猩的人，故选A项。
9．According to the passage, Fossey's life can be described as ________. A．sad and unlucky B．lonely and boring C．simple and happy D．challenging and successful
答案：D 推理判断题。Fossey一生致力于大猩猩的研究和保护工作，从研究基地的建立到获得大猩猩的信任，以及与偷猎者的斗争，她都遇到了重重困难，但她也获得了许多成功，因此用“富有挑战性又很成功”来描述她的一生是最贴切的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2014·河北正定中学高一期末)Born in 1963 in Sierra Visa, Arizona, USA, Jessica learned to live her life with her feet. Born without arms, she faced many __1__ .
There were many questions at the time about whether Jessica would be able to live a “ __2__ ” life. However, Jessica's father said he __3__ had a tear about her birth condition. He had full confidence in her potential.
With the __4__ of her parents and family, Jessica became confident in herself as an adult and continued to __5__ the world with her feet.
As a child, Jessica studied dance in her hometown. When her first __6__ arrived, she asked to be put in the back row. Her dance teacher told her there was no __7__ row.
Tentatively she took the stage with the other students and performed her __8__ . When she finished, the applause from the audience gave her encouragement and __9__ to continue dancing for 14 years. __10__ , Jessica earned her first Black Belt in the International Taekwondo Federation at the age of 14.
After __11__ from high school, Jessica attended the University of Arizona __12__ she earned a bachelor's degree in psychology. When talking about her degree, she frequently __13__ that psychology(心理) trusts the way people think has a greater __14__ on their lives than a physical limitation.
Jessica's most famous accomplishment was learning how to __15__ . It took three states, four airplanes, two flight instructors and a discouraging year to __16__ the right aircraft: a 1946 415C Ercoupe Airplane. She __17__ the Guinness World Record __18__ being the first person certified to fly an airplane with only her feet.
Jessica now __19__ a motivational speaker. She travels the world sharing her story and
__20__ people to be creative and innovative. 文章大意：文章介绍Jessica天生残疾，但是在家人的鼓励下，她努力用双脚探索世界，学会舞蹈，甚至学会开飞机，获得吉尼斯世界纪录，她的事迹激励着很多人。
1．A. challenges C. advantages
B. trouble D. influences
答案：A 考查名词辨析。A. challenges挑战；B. trouble 困难；C. advantages 优点；D. influences影响。根据上文“Born in 1963 in Sierra Visa, Arizona, USA, Jessica learned to live her life with her feet.”可知Jessica天生就没有膀子，她要面对很多挑战。选A。
2．A. simple C. normal
B．special D. unusual
答案：C 考查形容词辨析。A.simple简单的；B. special特殊的；C. normal正常的；D. unusual不寻常的。上文可知Jessiaca是残疾人，所以当时有很多问题关于是否Jessica能过上正常的生活。选C。
3．A. frequently C. ever
B. never D. certainly
答案：B 考查副词辨析。A. frequently 频繁地，B. never从不，C. ever曾经，D. certainly当然，Jessica的爸爸说他对女儿的出生的状况没有过一滴眼泪，他相信她的潜力。选B。
4．A. argument C. opposition
B．understanding D. support
答案：D 考查名词辨析。A. argument 争论；B. understanding理解；C. position强烈的)反对，敌对；D. support支持。根据上文：He had full confidence in her potential.可知在父母和家庭的支持下，Jessica象成年人一样对自己很自信。选D。
5．A. decorate C. explode
B. explore D. establish
答案：B 考查动词辨析。 A. decorate装饰；B. explore探索；C. explode 爆炸；D. establish建立。根据上文：Jessica became confident in herself as an adult可知Jessica象成年人一样继续用双脚探索世界，选B。
6．A. performance C. exhibition
B. image D. appearance
答案：B 考查名词辨析。A. performance表现，表演；B. image 形象；C. exhibition展览；D. appearance外表。根据下文：Tentatively she took the stage with the other students当她的第一次表演的时候，她被安排在后排。选A。
7．A. back C. edge
B. front D. middle