hate each other like poison 彼此互相恨透 name one?s poison
Name your poison,please. 说出你要喝点什么酒啊。
What?s your poison? 你要喝什么酒 ■illogical adj. 不合逻辑的，无章法的 ■octopus n. 章鱼
■delicacy n. 美味，佳肴
Eg.: He considered chicken to be a great delicacy.
delicate adj. 美味的，可口的，清淡的 delicious adj. 味道美的
■repulsive adj. 令人反感的，令人生厌的 disgusting adj.
The dish is repulsive. ■stomach n. 胃
■turn v. 感到恶心，翻胃 ■fry v. 油炸
fry v.: be cooked in hot oil fried egg 煎鸡蛋 fried bread fring pan 煎锅 fry up 加热
Fry up the food, please. fry in one's own fat 自作自受
have other fish to fry 另有要事要做 Eg: Hello,Lucy, let's go have dinner.
That's good idea, but I have other fish to fry. Thank you very much. ■fat n. （动物、植物）油 put on fat 长胖，发胖
fat adj. 胖的 运用此adj.时常很不礼貌，因此用large, heavy, overweight 替代。 ■abuse n. 辱骂，责骂
Don?t abuse your authority.
He greeted his wife with a stream of abuse. 他骂妻子的声音不绝于耳。 ■snail n. 蜗牛
■luxury n. 奢侈品，珍品
The diamond ring is a luxury to me. luxurious adj. 奢侈的，奢华的 a luxurious hotel ■associate v. 联想到
associate v. connect in one?s mind
A with B 把……跟……联想到一起= connect with.
Eg: I can't associate you with your wife. Can you associate snails with delicious food. associate with ==connect with==link with == be bound up with ■despise v. 鄙视
despise vt. regard as worthless
Eg.: We despise him for a coward. 我们把他看作一个懦夫。
look down upon 鄙视，瞧不起
Eg: Don't look down upon anyone. ■appeal v. 引起兴致
appeal to sb 引起某人兴趣
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Eg: Eating snails never appeals to me. appeal 上诉，呼吁
appeal for sth. 为某事而上诉 ■shower n. 阵雨 ■stroll n. 溜达，散步
stroll n. slow walking for pleasure in street or in garden.
go for a stroll; take a stroll; == go for a walk; take a walk
stroller 散步的人 stroll vi.
He is strolling along the road. ramble 海岸，林中的漫步
The couple are irambling in the forest. roam 不安定的漂泊，徘徊 The tramp roams every day. wander 流浪，徘徊
He has nothing to do, so he is wandering along the street. ■impulse n. 冲动
impulse : a sudden wish to do sth. on impulse 冲动的
He rushed out to catch up (with) the lady on impulse.
be driven by impulse to do sth. 情不自禁的做某事
Why did you do it?
I should say I was driven by impulse to do it like this.
impulsive adj. 冲动的 impulsively adv. 冲动地 ■dozen n. 12个，一打 dozen: agroup of twelve by the dozen 成打的 dozens of 许多的
two dozen eggs，a dozen roses. (其用法和hundred, thousand 一样)
a dozen of the (these ) roses 这些玫瑰中的一打
数词 +dozen +物品：……打……（物品） Speak nineteen to the dozen 说个不停
Eg.: The old lady is speaking nineteen to the dozen.
■fancy v.喜爱，喜欢
Eg.: I don?t fancy living in the cold room. fancy 想像，设想（=image） （表示一种惊讶的心情）（其后接动名词做宾语）
Fancy meeting you here. 没想到在这儿见到你。
fancy oneself 自以为是，自命不凡 Do you fancy yourself? 三、【课文精析】
Key sentence:
People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten.
人们在决定吃什么或者不吃什么的时候，往往变得不合情理。
当涉及到或谈及到叙述客观事实的时候 it comes to sth ………… it comes to doing sth …… 用于when 引导的时间状语从句
Eg.:He never complains when it comes to helping his wife with the house work. for instance == for example consider (to be)...
on the other hand 转折连接词，表示而另一方面
at the idea of: at 介词搭配作状语，表示当......就......；一......就...... at the idea of 一想到 at the sight of 一看到 at the mention of 一提到
at the news of 一听到......消息 at the touth of 一触摸到......东西 at the sound of 一听到......声音 at the thought of 一想到
Eg.: I was glad at the thought of getting something te eat.
I always love at the mention of ghost story.
stick to + 名词==insist on doing sth == persist in doing sth practice 表示习俗，做法 habit表示个人习惯
custom社会的风俗或习俗
Eg.: Early to bed and early to rise is good habit.
It is now quite common practice for married women not to take their husband?s second name.
The practice of closing shops on Sundays. My practice to study English is to read everyday.
the custum of giving present at Christmas Social customs vary greatly from country to country.
in many northern countries. Key sentence:
The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and…
that引导表语从句，说明truth的内容 bring up抚养
Eg.: Joe is born in England, but brought up in France.
She was brought up to beliee that money is the most (great) important thing in life. 他从小到大一直认为金钱是生活中最重要的东西。 被动语态形式，表自小长大，在成长的过程当中已经习惯于......
I?ve been brought up to eat fish, just
because my mother is fond of fish as well. He has been brought up to eat fring
potatoes just because his parents are fond of that.
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He gave much attention to bring up his children.
stick to = keep to; not give up
Eg.: We stick to them all our lives.
I made my decision and I am going to stick to it. (to介词) stick to the idea stick to the plan
insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事 persist in doing sth. 坚持做某事 Key sentence:
People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten.
Key sentence:
No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.
比较级表达最高级的概念
Nobody is more beautiflu than you.
He is more intelligent than anyone else in my class.
The common garden snail often receive more praise and abuse than other creatures.
cooked过去分词做定语，与snails构成被动关系。 countless: 无数的，数不尽的 (=numerous) who引导定语从句
associate sth. with sth. 把某物与某物相联系 Key sentence:
People there, don?t consider snails to be a great dilicacy.
no garden of his own 没有自己的庭院 Robert is forn of snails very much.
The idea never interested me very much... happened to do 恰巧，碰巧
I happened to be out when he called.
We both happened to be travelling on the same plane.
happen / chance
It happened that I was out when he called. It chanced that I was out when he called. when
表示正在这时突然，通常使用过去进行时，过去完成时等搭配；位于句中
He was having a bath when the telephine suddenly rang.
We had not ... like this when ... came in. We were about to start when it rained. snails (that were ) taking a stroll... 现在分词做定语，修饰snails
on a sudden impulse 一时的，冲动的 Acting on a sudden impulse, he went shopping to buy several dresses.
Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. ==Robert was
not only delighted to see me, but also pleased with my little gift. be delighted to do be pleased to do
when特殊用法，表示就在这个时候 reluctantly: unwillingly 不情愿的 to our dismay 使我们感到惊愕的是
Eg.: Before we came back, all the snails had already escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall. take possession 占据，占有
The soldiers took possession of enemies? fort.
The terrorists took possession of the embassy.恐怖分子占领了大使馆。 Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard “家丑” ■skeleton n. 骷髅
a skeleton in the cupboard==a skeleton in the closet == a family skeleton 家丑
It?s time to bring a family skeleton out of the cupboard
skeleton key 万能钥匙
a walking skeleton 骨瘦如柴的人
reduced to too a skeleton 瘦的皮包骨
He has nothing to eat for a couple of days so he has been reduced to too a skeleton. ■seemingly adv. 表面上地
■respectable adj. 体面的，雅观的
respectable decent, graceful, deserving respect: 体面的，雅观的，可敬的
Eg.: He is a most respectable man. The tie is for a respectale man only. respectable: 可敬的
respectful : 充满敬意的，尊敬人的
A respectable person is respectful to others. respective 各自的
Eg.:Our students return to their respective classroom.
■conceal v. 隐藏，隐瞒
conceal : hide, 比hide更加正式，语气强烈 conceal sth. from sb.
Eg.: He concealed his disappoint from his friends.
He concealed his bets from his wife.
When the mother coming, the little girl hid behind the curtain. hide, hid, hidden ■vivid adj. 生动的
vivid 生动的，栩栩如生的,鲜艳的，活泼的 Eg.: There is a vivid proverb. vivid blue 碧蓝色
he is vivid with life. 他是生气勃勃。 Yours discription is really vivid. more vivid, the most vivid
■dramatic adj. 令人激动的，扣人心弦的 dramatic 比exciting更加强烈
The dramatic things is still vivid in his mind.
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■ruin v. 毁坏
■heroine n. 女主人公 ■fiction n. 小说 fiction 和novel
fiction (集合名词)不可数 (poetry ) novel 某一部具体的小说 (poem)
I prefer reading fiction to hearing about real invent.
■varying adj. 不同的 =various
different 与......不一样
My idea differents from yours. ■medicine n. 医学
■guestroom n. （家庭中的）来客住房 ■unpack vt. （从箱中）取出
■stack adj. （整齐地）堆放，排放 stack up the books
The housewife is stacking up the clothing. ■underclothes n. 内衣
underclothing, underwear ■drawer n. 抽屉 ■petrify v. 使惊呆 = shock, dumbfound
Heard the news I was petrified. ■dangle v. 悬挂 ■sway v. 摇摆
■unsympathetic adj. 不表同情的，无动于衷的 sympathetic 同情的
sympathy n. in sympathy 同情地 （= sympathetically ） ■medical adj. 医学的 三、【课文精析】 how引导宾语从句
has some terrible secret
which 引导的定语从句，修饰说明secret
seemingly: 9=from appearence )从表面上看来，
a seemingly respectable person:表面上受尊重的人
possess:(= have got, own )
不定式to作定语，修饰说明vivid saying, 来描述这种场景。
some—表示“某一个”，修饰单数可数名词 ruin 泛指概念，表示毁坏的过程不是一下完成的 （spoil ）
The rain ruined / spoiled our holiday.
destroy: 把凭借某种外力来破坏和摧毁事物，完全摧毁
The earthquake destroyed almost entired city.
damage: 侧重强调把…弄坏，但是可以修复 one's hair stands on end :某人感到毛骨悚然的 I thought I was alone in my room until I heard the mysterious noice again, and my hair stands on end.
make/set one's hair stand on end: 使某人感到毛骨悚然的
in her youth:在她年轻时
everyone
every one of与介词of 连用时要分开
it is all very well but 不赞成不满意的反语，“好倒是好，但是……”
Eg: It is all very well for them to ask me to do it, but I am too busy.
It is all very well for you to suggent taking a few days rest, but how can finish our work in time.
occur: 某个事件出乎意料的发生（正式） happen: 某个事件出乎意料发生 take place: 事件根据安排“举行”
Eg.: When did the accident happen / occur? It occured to me that / to do.
It occured to me to open the window. When will the wedding take place? To varying degrees: 从不同角度来讲 which引导定语从句修饰secret
learn: 了解某个事实，学习某种知识、技能 know 知道某个事实，具有某方面的知识、技能，认识、了解某个人（状态动词，不能用于进行时态） I learned that I had passed the test. She knows about computers.
She is learning about computers.
instead of + doing----表示相反、没有、取而代之的是......
stood in front of sth. petrified: 站在…前，目瞪口呆
frightened: 在某个特定的场合下，受到惊吓 terrified:表示惊吓的程度，更加强烈，感到恐怖 afraid (of ): 表示一种状态，永久性的恐惧 it gave me the impression that:给某人以印象
make a lasting impression on sb: 给某人以不可磨灭的印象
have a false impression of sb: 对某人有错误的看法
give sb impression that: 给某人印象
impress sb with sth 用…给某人留下印象 be about to do sth.: 即将，就要。暗示动作即将发生（多与when连用）
I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the door.
leap out at sb. 跳出来扑向某人 drop----是我所发出的主动动作，所以用-ing形式 as if 引导虚拟语气
Lesson 25 The Cutty Sark “卡蒂萨克”号帆船
■impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的 This is a impressive thing. impression n. 印象
make a lasting impression on sb: 给某人以不可磨灭的印象
have a false impression of sb: 对某人有错误的看法
give sb impression that: 给某人印象 impress vt.
impress sb. 给某人留下印象
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impress sb with sth 用…给某人留下印象 ■steamship n. 蒸汽轮船 ■vessel n. 轮船，大木船
vessel（正式的词汇）可代替ship,boat. 用于文学体
a sailing vessel, a fishing vessel
boat 比ship小，可以替换ship(非正式文体) a fishing boat
■era n. 时期，时代 era: “纪元”， 地球、人类社会历史上的一个很长的时期，以特别事物或发展为标志 the beginning of new era the end of old era
times:历史上的一个阶段”时代，时期” in ancient times in classic times Roman times
age: 特定的历史阶段（大写，构成专有名词） a stone age 石器时代 the space age 太空时代 This is a beganning of era
■Java n. 爪哇（印度尼西亚一岛） ■rudder n. 舵
■roll v. 颠簸，摇摆 ■steer v. 掌握方向
steer: 驾驶水路交通工具，强调掌握方向，导航 drive: 开汽车，火车 pilot: 操纵轮船，飞机
He steers the boat suddenly. He piloted his plane. ■temporary adj. 临时的 temporary jobs / house temporarily adv. temporariness n.
==transient:短暂的，瞬间的 反义：permanent: 永久的 contemporary: 当代 的 ■plank n. 大块木板 ■fit v. 安装
■Equator n. 赤道 ■delay n. 耽误 三、【课文精析】
one of the most famous ...最著名的......之一 Key sentence:
She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. dry land:陆地
Key sentence:
She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. serve as:(=act as )“起…作用”
impressive reminder :深刻的印象，作为......的回忆
replace vt. ==take place of stemship:汽船
sailing ship /sailing vessel: 帆船
match:( = be equal to )与......相匹敌，相比 match in / for
The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.
动词不定式to作定语，修饰the only other ship Key sentence:
Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.
Key sentence:
This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
which----指代this race, 引导非限定性定语从句
帆船：ships with sail, sailing ships, sailing vessels
marked the end of : 标志…的结束 Key sentence:
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae,... 可改为：after the race had begun the first of the two ships to reach Java was the Thermopylae,...
take the lead: 处于领先地位== go into the lead
lose the lead: 失去领先地位
in the lead: 处于领先地位（状态） take over the lead: 取得领先地位 Key sentence:
she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.
...was struck by a very heavy storm... 严重地遇到了雨／雪
be caught in the rian/snow 遇到了雨／雪 during 介词，用于关系代词which 之前，during the race, during the storm
torn away = destroyed , pull down
it became impossible to steer her (省略掉for captain)
there was a danger that+同位语从句 ……会有危险
the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted,
call in at: （船）停靠，（人）拜访 to = in order to, so as to “目的是” have sth. done:
but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. by now = so far
at tremendous speed:以极快的速度
considering 连接词，用来引导完整的语句 considering that考虑到………
So we should forgive him considering that he is ill badly.
Key sentence:
There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
There is no doubt that...==without any doubt “毫无疑问“
There is some doubt + wh- ...
Eg.: There is no doubt that he is guilty. There is some doubt whether he is guilty. if ----与过去事实相反的虚拟
If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.
If you talked less and ate more, we would both enjoy our dinner. take the lead lose the lead call in at
with great difficulty at tremendous speed It seemed certain that
Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin 征购大饼干筒
■influence v. 影响 have effect on
Eg.: Literature and art have great influence of people?s idelogy.
Don?t be influenced by bad examples. under the influence of受…影响 Eg.: We are under the influnce of advertisements.
have influence over sb 有左右某人的能力 Eg.: A teacher has influence over his students.
exercise influence on sb's behalf 为某人而尽力
on sb's behalf 为某人的利益
Eg.: The boss exercises influence on his employee?s behalf.
区别：influence / affect
influence:通过劝说，行为，榜样来改变一个人的行为或思想，是潜移默化的影响力 affect: 对......产生不良影响
Eg.: The bad examples will affect a lot number of students . influential adj.有影响力的 ■pride v. 骄傲 pride vt. & n.
pride oneself on 为…感到骄傲、夸耀＝take pride in / be proud of
不能用于进行时态或被动语态
Eg.:He prided himself on his driving skill. pride n.
in the pride of 处于最佳状态（顶峰）
Eg: She is still young and in the pride of her beauty.
put one?s pride in one?s pocket:控制自尊心 ■taste n. 鉴赏力
Eg.: She has excellent taste in dress. 25