一、选择题
1. Which of the following structures contains genes for enzymes and antibiotic resistance? （ ）下列哪个结构包含基因的酶和抗生素耐药性？ A. Plasmid质粒 B. Pilus 菌毛
C. Capsule 胶囊,被膜 D. Plasma Membrane 质膜
( )下列哪一项是与微生物附着到细胞中最重要的结构？ A. Flagellum鞭毛
B. Plasmid 质粒
2. Which of the following is the most important structure related to microbial attachment to cells?
C. Peptidoglycan 肽聚糖 D. Glycocalix
3. Which of the following microorganisms stain well? ( )
下列哪微生物污染呢？
A. Escherichia coli 大肠杆菌 B. Legionella pneumophila嗜肺军团菌 C. Treponema 梅毒螺旋 D. Chlamydia 衣原体
4. Which of the following microorganisms are not matched correctly with the appropriate isolation
media? 下列哪些微生物未正确与适当的隔离介质匹配（ ） A. Fungi - Sabourand's agar 真菌 - Sabourand的琼脂
B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae – Pink colonies media 淋球菌 - 粉红色菌落媒体 C. Haemophilus influenzae – Chocolate agar 流感嗜血杆菌 - 巧克力琼脂
D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Lowenstein-Jensen agar结核分枝杆菌 - 改良罗氏培养基
5. Which of the following is not fungal related? 下列哪项不是真菌有关？（ ） A. Cryptococcus neoformans 新型隐球菌 B. Candida albicans 白色念珠菌 C. Tinea nigra 黑癣 D. Chlamydiae 衣原体
6. Prokaryotes do not have which of the following: 原核生物不具有下列哪项（ ） A. Cell membrane细胞膜 B. Nucleus核 C. Cytoplasm细胞质 D. Ribosomes核糖体 7. Which of the following is NOT considered a microorganism? 下列哪一项不被认为是微生物（ ）
A. Virus病毒B. Bacteria细菌C. Protozoa原生动物D. Fungi真菌E. Mosquito蚊子
8. Which of the following is NOT true of viruses: 下列哪一项不是真正的病毒： ( ) A. Replicated only when inside host cells复制只有在宿主细胞内 B. Too small to be seen in a light microscope过小的光学显微镜可看 C. All cause human disease所有引起人类疾病
D. Contain only one type of nucleic acid只含有一种类型的核酸 E. Acellular脱细胞
9. All bacteria: 所有的细菌： ( ) A. Lack nuclei缺乏核 B. Lack a cell structure缺乏细胞结构
C. Cause disease.疾病病因 D. Absorb nutrients.吸收养分 E. Are motile 是能动的
10. What is the most important solvent in living cells? 这是在活细胞中最重要的溶剂？ ( )
A. Carbon dioxide二氧化碳B. Water水C. Hydrogen氢D. Carbon碳E. ATP三磷酸腺苷 11. Which of the following is NOT true of lipids: 下列哪一项有关脂质不正确的：( )
A. Composed of repeating monosaccharide units组成的重复单糖单元
B. Part of the structure of cell membranes细胞膜的部分结构 C. Includes steroids包括类固醇 D. Rather insoluble in water水不溶性
E. Can be used as an energy source被用作能量源
12. Which is true of bacterial cell walls: 细菌细胞壁哪个是正确的：（ ） A. Contain cellulose含纤维素
B. Protects against osmotic shock对渗透压冲击保护 C. Selectively permeable选择性渗透
D. Chemically identical in all bacterial cells在所有的细菌细胞化学相同 E. Also called capsules也称为胶囊/被膜
13. Which of the following is NOT associated with the prokaryotic cell membrane:下列哪一项不与原核细胞膜结合 ( ) A. Is selectively permeable是选择性渗透
B. Regulates passage of materials into and out of the cell调控的材料通道流入和流出细胞
的
C. Contains peptidoglycan包含肽聚糖 D. Contains enzymes含有酵素
E. Contains proteins and phospholipids含有蛋白质和磷脂
14. The Gram stain is based on differences in the ________ of bacteria.革兰氏染色是基于细菌的________差异 A. Cell wall细胞壁B. Sportes
C. Flagella鞭毛 D. Nuclear membrane核膜 E. Ribosomes大肠杆菌核糖体 15. Lipopolysaccharide:脂多糖：（）
A. is found in the periplasmic space 在周质空间中找到
B. is found in cells that will appear purple after the gram stain是在革兰氏染色后会出现紫
色的细胞中发现 C. is found in all bacterial cell walls在所有细菌细胞壁发现
D. can induce fever and dilation of blood vessels in infected patients可诱发发烧血管扩张，并
在受感染的患者 E. is extremely thick in gram positive bacteria是在革兰氏阳性菌极厚
16. Which of the following would NOT be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:
下列哪一项不会在原核和真核细胞被发现( )
A. cytoplasm细胞质 B. mitochondria线粒体
C. Ribosome 核糖体 D. DNA E. plasma membrane质膜
17. Which of the following would be the most immediate result of destruction or inhibition of a cell's ribosomes: 下列哪一项会是破坏或抑制细胞的核糖体的最直接的结果( )
A. no ATP production没有ATP的产生
B.B. protein production would stop蛋白生产将停止 C. the DNA would be destroyedDNA将被销毁 D. photosynthesis would stop光合作用将停止
E. lysozymes would enter the cytoplasm and destroy the cell溶菌酶将进入细胞质和破坏细
胞 18. What happens inside cells when phosphate bonds in ATP molecules are broken: 在ATP分子的磷酸键断裂时，在细胞内会发生什么事( )
A. an endergonic reaction occurs一个吸能反应发生 B. anions are formed阴离子形成 C. peptide bonds are broken肽键断裂
D. energy becomes available for cell activities能量变为可用于细胞的活动 E. the H+ ion concentration increases在H +离子浓度的增加
19. Which one of the following microscopes has the greatest resolving power?其中下面的显微镜中的一个具有最大的分辨能力 ( ) A. compound light复合光 B. fluorescent荧光
C. phase相 D. scanning electron扫描电子 E. transmission electron透射电子 20. The average diameter of prokaryotic cells is: 原核细胞的平均直径 ( ) A. 10.0 to 15.0 um B. 100 to 200 um C. 1.0 to 2.0 um D. 10 to 50 nm E. 1 to 10 um 二、对错题
1. （ ） SARS is also known as \非典也被称为“禽流感 2. （ ） Prokaryotes have no nucleus. 原核生物没有细胞核 3. （ ） Microbes are ubiquitous. 微生物是无处不在
4. （ ） One major difference in the envelope structure between gram+ bacteria and gram- bacteria is the presence or absence of a cytoplasmic membrane. 克+菌和革兰氏菌之间的包络结构中的一个主要区别是胞质膜的存在或不存在
5. （ ） ALL organisms require inorganic nutrients. 所有生物体需要无机养分 6. （ ） A compound light microscope with a resolving power of 0.3 micrometers would be able to discern two objects separated by 200 nanometers.一个复合光学显微镜与0.3微米的分辨
能力将能够辨别由200纳米分隔的两个对象
7. （ ） A change in bacterial cell shape throughout a normal growth curve is an example of genetic recombination.在细菌细胞形状的改变在整个正常的生长曲线是基因重组的
一个例子
三、填充题
1. Are yeast prokaryotes or eukaryotes?酵母是原核生物或真核生物？
2. Gram positive bacteria stain _________ while gram negative bacteria stain _____________.革
兰氏阳性菌染色_________，而革兰阴性菌染色_____________。
3. Gram-negative bacteria have much of this found on their outer membrane革兰氏阴性菌有太大的这个发现在他们的外膜__________________________________.
4. The size of a prokaryotic ribosome is 原核核糖体的大小是_________________.
5. A virus that is specific for a bacterial host病毒是针对特定的细菌宿主 is called__________________.
6. Active viremia 活跃的病毒血症is _________________________ . 7. Unicellular fungi单细胞真菌 are known as_________________________.
8. Yeasts酵母菌 are ________________ fungi, and molds霉菌 are _________________ fungi.
四、问答题
1. What are the functions of the bacterial cell wall?细菌细胞壁的功能是什么
2. What is the most important component of the bacterial cell wall?细菌细胞壁的最重要的组成部分？
3. What is the periplasmic space周质空间?
4. Describe the orientation of the phospholipid bilayer of plasma membranes.质膜的磷脂双分子层的取向
5. What is bacterial conjugation细菌接合? 6. What is a live attenuated vaccine减毒活疫苗?
7. What are the two oxidizing agents made by lysosomes由溶酶体取得的2氧化剂? 8. What are the 4 lysosomal enzymes溶酶体酶?
9. How would you classify a virus? Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic原核或真核?
10. Which stain污点斑点染料 is used to distinguish differences between the cell walls of medically important bacteria?
8. Which stain is used to distinguish differences between the cell walls of medically important bacteria?
9-10. Below are three different culture media. Use them to answer the following questions. Justify your answer (i.e., state why you feel your answer is correct). (6 pts)
Medium A g Na2HPO4 0.5g KNO3 0.4g MgSO4 1.2g CaCl2 4.5g NaHCO3 Medium B 10mg Lysine 5g Glucose 10mg Thiamine 1.5g Sucrose Medium C 5g Glucose 2g Peptone 1g Beef heart 3g Thiamine 1g Na2HPO4 I. Which medium (media) is (are) chemically defined? ( c ) a. A b. B
c. A and B d. A and C
e. None of these
II. Which medium is designed for an autotroph? a. A b. B c. A and B d. A and C
e. None of these
( )