大连海事大学
┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊┊┊ 线┊┊┊┊┊┊
业 论
二○一四年六月
毕 文
基于ZigBee技术的温度采集系统设计
专业班级： 通信工程2班 姓 名： 罗景元 指导教师： 谭克俊
信息科学技术学院
摘 要
近年来随着无线通信、计算机传感技术的飞速发展和融合，无线传感网技术（WSN）应运而生，而Zigbee以其低成本、低数据速率、超低功耗的特点满足了当前无线传感网络技术的应用与普及。本论文研究课题是基于Zigbee的无线温度采集系统，该系统可以应用到智能家居领域从而节省人力和能源，具有非常广阔的应用前景和研究价值。
文章首先介绍了Zigbee技术与网络拓扑结构，通过介绍无线温度采集系统的基本原理，制定系统总体设计方案。进而完成了对控制模块、终端节点相关软硬件的设计。系统采用星型网络拓扑结构，建立了一个主节点与多个从节点搭建的自组网，来实现无线数据传输。通过数字温度传感器SHT11采集温度数据，在Zigbee终端节点根据设定好的路由协议多跳上传至协调器节点，协调器节点将收集到的温度数据处理由串口线路传给上位PC机，在PC机上的串口终端上实时显示监测收集到的数据。
最后对传感器模块硬件电路、无线收发模块硬件电路以及整个系统进行了测试，结果显示系统运行平稳，验证了本系统设计方案的可行性。
关键词：无线通信；无线传感网；ZigBee；温度采集
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ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communications, computer sensing technology and the fusion, wireless sensor network technology(WSN) arises at the historic moment. known for its low cost, the characteristics of the low data rate, low power consumption Zigbee satisfy the current applications of wireless sensor network technology and popularization. This thesis research topic is based on the Zigbee wireless temperature acquisition system,The system can be applied to the field of intelligent household saving manpower and energy. it has very broad application prospects and research value.
This paper introduces the Zigbee technology and the network topology,Through the introduction of the basic principle of wireless temperature acquisition system, the system overall design scheme,Then completed the control module, terminal node related hardware and software design.System USES the star network topology structure, set up a master node and multiple slave nodes set up ad-hoc network, to realize wireless data transmission.Through digital temperature sensor SHT11 temperature data collected in Zigbee terminal nodes according to set good routing protocol jump uploaded to the coordinator node,The coordinator node will be collected by the temperature data processing by a serial line to the upper PC, and displayed in real time on PC serial port terminal monitoring data collected.
At the end of the sensor module, wireless transceiver module hardware circuit and the whole system is tested, the results show that the system runs stably, verify the feasibility of the system design.
KEY WORDS: wireless communication;Wireless sensor network；ZigBee；temperature acquisition
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目 录
第1章 绪论 ..................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 课题背景与意义 ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 无线温度采集的现状与未来展望 .................................................................... 1 1.3 论文的主要研究内容 ........................................................................................ 2 第2章Zigbee技术 ......................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Zigbee技术简介................................................................................................. 4
2.1.1 Zigbee是什么........................................................................................... 4 2.1.2 Zigbee的优势........................................................................................... 4 2.1.3 Zigbee的主要特性................................................................................... 5 2.2 Zigbee协议栈结构............................................................................................. 5 2.3 ZigBee的网络拓扑结构 .................................................................................... 7
2.3.1 星形拓扑结构 .......................................................................................... 7 2.3.2 树形拓扑结构 .......................................................................................... 8 2.3.3 Mesh拓扑结构 ......................................................................................... 8 2.4 IEEE 802.15.4 规范 ............................................................................................ 9
2.4.1 物理层规范 ............................................................................................ 10 2.4.2 MAC层规范............................................................................................ 11
第3章 温度采集系统的硬件设计 ............................................................................... 13
3.1系统整体设计 ................................................................................................... 13 3.2 硬件设计 .......................................................................................................... 14
3.2.1 系统硬件平台 ........................................................................................ 14 3.2.2 ZigBee通信模块 .................................................................................... 15 3.2.3 通信模块电路设计 ................................................................................ 16 3.3 温湿度数据采集原理 ...................................................................................... 17 3.4 温湿度传感器SHT10 ...................................................................................... 18 第4章 温度采集系统的软件设计 ............................................................................... 20
4.1 系统软件平台概述 .......................................................................................... 20 4.2 Z-Stack2007协议栈软件 ................................................................................. 21
4.2.1 Z-Stack软件架构 ................................................................................... 21 4.2.2 Z-Stack软件流程 ................................................................................... 23
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