高考英语词汇复习资料汇总9 - 图文(2)

2019-01-12 11:14

选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 发生在主句动作之前 (1)had + 过去分词; (2)would / could / might / should + have + 过去分词 与主句动作同时发生 发生在主句动作之后 如:

过去时(be 用were ) would / could / might / should + 原形动词 I wish I learnt English well. 我希望我已学好了英语。

I wish I had been there with them last week. 我希望上周跟他们一起在那儿。 He wishes we could go and play games with him. 他希望我们能去跟他做游戏。

3. 一般would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望,故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为: 表示所发生的时间 过去 现在 将来 如:

I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。 I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。

We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我们倒想你明天去那儿。 四、主语从句中的虚拟语气

在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为: should + 动词原形(或should+ have+ 过去分词),主句中的谓语动词形式不限。Should在此时是时态助动词,本身无意义。

句型:

(1) It is admirable / dreadful / extraordinary / odd / remarkable / sad / advisable / annoying / disappointing / surprising / upsetting / frightening / better / best / curious / desirable / important / strange / peculiar / proper / necessary / natural ?that?

(2) It is a pity / a shame / no wonder?. that?

(3) It is suggested / requested / desired / proposed /?. that ? (4) It worries me that? 如:

It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. 我们先把功课学好很重要。

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虚拟语气结构 had + 过去分词; 过去时(be 用were ) 过去时(be 用were ) 选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 It is strange that he should not come. 很奇怪,他竟没有来。

It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。 It worries me that we should be blamed for that. 我们竟要受责备真让人烦恼。 五、表语从句及同位语从句中虚拟语气

表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时,表语从句及同位语从句都须用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) + 动词原形。如:

We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help. 我们接受了他的建议:我们应该请求老师的帮助。

He told us his idea that he should go to university. 他告诉了我们他的想法:他想上大学。 His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully. 他的建议就是我们的工作要更细心些。

Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. 他们的计划就是在家乡建一座新工厂。

六、定语从句中的虚拟语气

虚拟语气还可用在定于从句中,表示:“早该做某事了”时,定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:It is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + 动词原形,即从句用虚拟过去式。如:

It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我该去学校接我的女儿了。 It is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了。 7. 简单句中的虚拟语气

1. 说话时,为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌,言语常使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构形式常为:would / could / might / should + 原形动词。如:

Would you mind my shutting the door? 我把门关起来你介意吗? You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把这个教训牢记于心。 I should agree with you. 我应该同意你的观点。

2. 表示“祝愿”时,常用“may + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他”。如: May you have a good journey! 祝你一路顺风。 May your youth last for ever! 祝你青春永驻。 3. 表示强烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”时,常用动词原形。如: Long live the Communist Party of China. 中国共产党万岁。

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选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 God bless us. 上帝保佑。 4. 习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气。 (1) 提出请求或邀请。如:

Would you like to have a talk with us this evening? 今天晚上来跟我们聊天好吗? Could I use your bike now? 我可以用一下你的单车吗? (2) 陈述自己的观点或看法。如:

I should glad to meet you. 见到你我会很高兴。 I would try my best to help you. 我会尽力帮助你。 (3) 提出劝告或建议。如:

You’d better ask your father first. 你最好先问一问你的父亲。

You should make a full investigation of it first. 你应该先全面调查一番。 (4) 提出问题。如:

Do you think he could get here on time? 你认为他能按时来吗? Do you expect he would tell us the truth? 你期望他会告诉我们真相吗?

(5) 表示对过去情况的责备时,常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为:“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”。如:

You should have got here earlier. 你应该早就到这里了。 You should have returned it to him. 你应该把他还给他了。

虚拟语气典型考题10例

1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you ________. ” A. Do

B. did

C. had

D. would

2. “I’ve told everyone about it.” “Oh, I’d rather you ________. ” A. Don’t

B. hadn’t

C. couldn’t

D. wouldn’t

3. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we ________ there by tomorrow.

A. can’t get

B. won’t get

C. hadn’t got D. wouldn’t get

4. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ________ something she would regret later.

A. had said

B. said

C. might say

D. might have said

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选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ________ badly wounded and that he ________ at once.

A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was; should be operated

D. was; be operated on

6. I forget where I read the article, or I ________ it to you now. A. will show B. would show C. am going to show D. am showing 7. —Why didn’t you go to yesterday’s meeting?

—I would have but I ________ too busy working on the important experiment. A. had been

B. was

C. were

D. am

8.—Don’t you think it necessary that he ________ to Miami but to New York? — I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what

D. should not send; what

9. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________ put forward are turned down. A. could

B. would

C. 不填

D. had

10. ________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be 答案与解析:

1. B。It’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法,it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。

2. B。I’d rather 后接从句时,从句谓语的时态规律是:用过去式表示现在或将来,用过去完成式表示过去。

3. A。we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实,故宜用陈述语气。

4. D Otherwise 在此相当于 if she had not walked away from the discussion,即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。

5. D。insisted 接第一个宾语从句,表示“坚持认为(是怎么回事)”,用陈述语气;接第二个宾语从句,表示“坚决要求(做某事)”,用虚拟语气。

B. Should you be C. Could you be

D. Might you be

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选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库 6. B。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件,即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article(要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了)。

7. B。易受前面虚拟语气的影响而误选A。实际上前面虚拟语气的答语采用了省略形式。可补充为:I would have gone to yesterday’s meeting if I hadn’t been too busy. 所以be too busy是过去的一种实际情况,并不是虚拟的情况。故填空处用陈述语气。

8. B。因为necessary后的从句要用“(should+)动词原形”,排除选项A; 因he与send是被动关系,send要用被动式,排除选项D; 答句中的表语从句中不缺任何句子成分,用that。值得说明的是,refuse to后省略了be sent to New York。

9. C。they put forward为修饰名词demands的定语从句,按英语语法,当demand用作动词后接宾语从句,或用作名词后接定语从句或同位语从句时,从句谓语习惯上要用should+动词原形这样的虚拟语气,其中的should可以省略。

10. B。Should you be fired是由If you should be fired变来的,又如:Should you require (=If you should require) anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么,可以给我打电话。

wish的用法

1)用于wish后面的从句,表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为:

真实状况 wish后 过去时 从句动作先于主句动词动现在时 作 (be的过去式为 were) 从句动作与主句动作同时过去时 发生 (had + 过去分词) 将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 过去完成时 would/could +动词选校网 www.xuanxiao.com 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库


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