分类号 单位代码 11395 密 级 学 号 0706210154
学生毕业设计（论文）
题 目 作 者 院 (系) 专 业 指导教师 答辩日期
管壳式换热器的设计
王俊涛 化学与化工学院 化学工程与工艺
刘侠 2011年5月21日
榆 林 学 院
毕业设计（论文）诚信责任书
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论文作者签名: 年 月 日
摘 要
换热设备是化工、炼油、动力、能源、冶金、食品、机械、建筑工业中普遍应用的典型设备。一般换热设备在化工、炼油装置中的建设费用比例可达20%-50%。因此，无论从能源的利用，还是从工厂的投资来看，合理地选择和设计换热器，都具有重要的意义。在各种换热器中，由于管壳式换热器具有单位体积内能够提供较大的传热面积、传热效果好、适应性强、操作弹性大、易制造、成本低、易于检修和清洗等优点，因此应用最为广泛。本次设计的目的是通过对设备的设计初步掌握其设计的基本方法与程序。本次设计的设备是U型管式换热器，它属于管壳式换热器的一种。管壳式换热器的设计和分析包括热力设计、流动设计、结构设计以及强度设计，以热力设计最为重要。通过本次设计知道了管壳式换热器的设计内容主要包括根据换热任务和有关要求确定设计方案，初步确定换热器的结构和尺寸，核算换热器的传热面积和流体阻力，确定换热器的工艺结构。
关键词：U型管式换热器、工艺设计 论文类型：工程设计
ABSTRACT
Heat transmission equipment is a typical equipment ，which is widely used in chemical industry, oil refining, power, energy, metallurgy, food, machinery and building industry . The construction cost ratio of general heat transmission equipment in the chemical industry and oil refining installations can reach 20% to 50%.Therefore, no matter from energy use, or from the factory investment perspective, a reasonable choice and design of heat exchanger have important significance. In all kinds of heat exchanger, as tubular heat exchanger can provide large heat exchanger area per unit volume, heat transfer effect is good, adaptability is strong, elasticity of operation is big, easy to manufacture, its cost is low, easy to maintenance and clean etc, so it is most widely used. The aim of this design is based on the design of equipment to master its equipment basic design method and procedure. The design of the equipment is u-shaped tubular heat exchanger. It belongs to the tubular heat exchanger. The design and analysis of Tubular heat exchanger consists of thermal design, flow design, structural design and strength design. Thermal design is the most important. Through this design we know design content of tube exchanger mainly consists of determining design program according to heat task and relevant requirements, determining the structure and size of heat exchanger, accounting heat transfer area and fluid resistance of the heat exchanger, determining process structure of heat exchanger.
Key words: U-tube Heat Exchanger, Process Design Thesis: Engineering design
目录 目录
1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 2 工艺条件的选择 ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.1管壳式换热器类型的选择 .................................................................................................... 2 2.2流体流径管程和壳程的选择 ................................................................................................ 3 2.3流体流速的选择 .................................................................................................................... 3 2.4加热剂和冷却剂的选择 ........................................................................................................ 3 2.5适宜出口温度的选择 ............................................................................................................ 4 2.6设备材质与规格的选择 ........................................................................................................ 4 3 管壳式换热器的化工计算 ......................................................................................................... 5 3.1确定物性数据 ........................................................................................................................ 5 3.2估算传热面积 ........................................................................................................................ 5 3.2.1 热流量 ............................................................................................................................ 5 3.2.2平均传热温差 ................................................................................................................. 5 3.2.3冷却介质的用量 ............................................................................................................. 6 3.2.4初算传热面积 ................................................................................................................. 6 3.3工艺结构计算及其他主要附件说明 .................................................................................... 6 3.3.1管径和管内流速 ............................................................................................................. 6 3.3.2管程数和传热管数 ......................................................................................................... 7 3.3.3平均传热温差校正及壳程数 ......................................................................................... 7 3.3.4传热管排列和分程方法 ................................................................................................. 8 3.3.5管壳内径 ......................................................................................................................... 8 3.3.6折流板 ............................................................................................................................. 9 3.3.7接管 ................................................................................................................................. 9 3.3.8其他主要附件 ............................................................................................................... 10 4 管壳式换热器的核算 ............................................................................................................ ...12 4.1热量核算 .............................................................................................................................. 12 4.1.1热量核算 ....................................................................................................................... 12 4.1.2管程对流传热系数 ....................................................................................................... 13 4.1.3传热系数K ................................................................................................................... 14 4.1.4传热面积S .................................................................................................................... 14 4.2换热器内流体的流动阻力 .................................................................................................. 15 4.2.1管程流动阻力 ............................................................................................................... 15 4.2.2壳程阻力 ....................................................................................................................... 16 4.3换热器主要结构尺寸和计算结果及设备图 ...................................................................... 18 5 管壳式换热器设备的设计说明书 ........................................................................................... 20 6 总结 ........................................................................................................................................... 21 参考资料 ....................................................................................................................................... 22
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