《高等数学Ⅰ》半期练习题
一.填空:(本题共10小题,每题2分,总分20分)
1、要使f(x)?arccos(cosx?1x2)在x?0处连续,应补充定义f(0)? 23? .
2、设 y?f(x)?2x1?x,则其反函数f?1(x)的导数[f?1(x)]?? 2(x?2)2 .
?sinx?e2ax?1?,当x?03、设f(x)??在x?0处连续,则a? ?1 . x??a ,当x?04、若?x?0时?y?f(x0??x)?f(x0)与?x(tan?x?cos2?x)为等价无穷小,则f?(x0)? ?1 .
5、设在?0,1?上f??(x)?0,则f?(0),f?(1),f(1)?f(0)的大小顺序为f?(0)?f(1)?f(0)?f?(1).1???(x?2)arctan,x?2,?6、设 f(x)??则左导数f(2)? ? . x?2?2?0 ,x?2,? 7、f(x)?2?xx32?ln(x?x)定义域为 [?2,0)?(1,22] .
8、设?(x)?x?3x?2,?(x)?c(x?1),且x?1时?(x)~?(x),则c? 3 ,n? 2 .9、设f(x可)导,则f(1?sinx?)flimx?0x?(1txan?)?2? f( 1) .n
2210、设f(arctanx)?1?x,则 f?(x)? 2tanxsecx .
二.选择:(本题共5小题,每题2分,总分10分)
1.要使f(x)?(2?x)?22?2x2在x?0处连续,应补充定义f(0)?(A).?4?1
(A). 0 (B).e (C).e (D).e2.设F(x)?(x?x)(ex?x?1) (???x???),则F(x)( C ). (A)是奇函数而不是偶函数 (B)是偶函数而不是奇函数 (C)是奇函数又是偶函数 (D)非奇函数又非偶函数3.设数列的通项为xn?n?n2n??1?(?1)??,则当n??时,xn是( D ).n (A)无穷大量 (B)无穷小量 (C)有界变量,但不是无穷小 (D)无界变量,但不是无穷大
4.设y?f(x)具有连续的一阶导数,已知f(0)?0,f?(0)?2,f(1)?2,f?(1)??1,f(2)?1,f?(2)?1,f(3)?3,f?(3)?1,则?f?2?1?(x)??|x?1?( C ).
11 (A). (B). (C).1 (D).?1325. 设f(x)的定义域为[0,1],则f(x?1)的定义域为( C ). (A) [?1,0] (B) [?2,?1]?[1,2] (C) [?2,?1]?[1,2] (D) [?1,1]2
三.计算:(本题共9小题.前4题各5分,后5题各6分,共50分)
1、 lim(1?2???n?1?2???(n?1))n???lim?limn1?2???n?nn?n222n??1?2???(n?1)n???1n?n21212n?12?22
?limn??12?12n??
2、求极限lim(4x?8x?5?2x?1).
x???2 lim(4x?8x?5?2x?1)x???2?lim4?12x24x?8x?5?(2x?1)4?12?12x?lim??3x????4851?4??2?(2?)xxxx???
3、设 lim(x??23x?2x?12?ax?b)?1,求a,b.
lim(x???lim?lim?ax?b)x?1223x?2?ax?ax?bx?bx?1(3?a)x?(b?a)x?2?b
23x?2x??x?1当3?a?0时,上式??,矛盾当a?3时,上式=b?a由b?a?1,得b?1?a?4x??
14、求极限lim?(cosx?01x)x.
x?0lim?(cosx)x
1cosx?1x?1x?lim?[(1?cos?ex?01? 2x?1)cos]
5、设 f(x)?32(x?1)arctanxx2x?x,用对数求导法计算f?(x).
x??xx(lnx?1) 设y1?x,则y1设y2???y21332(x?1)arctanx2(x?1)arctanxxx2,则lny2?[ln2?2x?113[xln2?2ln(x?1)?lnarctanx]2
123?(1?x)arctanx]f?(x)?1332(x?1)arctanxx2[ln2?2x?1?1(1?x)arctanx2x]?x(lnx?1)
6、求由方程 x?y?3axy?0(a?0)确定隐函数y?y(x)的微分dy及y??.
33两边对x求导 3x?3yy??3ay?3axy??0解得 y???ay?xax?y2222, dy??ay?xax?y22dx
y???? ?? ?(ay??2x)(ax?y)?(a?2yy?)(ay?x)(ax?y)222222222222?(ay?ax)?(2ax?2xy)?(ay?ax)?(2ay?2xy)(ax?y)22222222
2ay?2ax?2ax?2xy?2ay?2xy(ax?y)221???xcos ,x?07、设f(x)??,讨论当?为何值时f?(x)连续. x??0 ,x?0??1???1??2x?0时,f?(x)??xcos1?x(?sin1)(?12)??xcos1?xsin1
xxxxxf?(0)?limx?0f(x)?f(0)?0 ,??1??1 ?limxcos1??x?0xx?不存在,??1lim(?xx?0??1?0 ,?>2??2 cos1?xsin1)??xx不存在,??2?所以??2时,f?(x)在定义域上连续;1???2时,f(x)在定义域上可导,但在x?0点f?(x)不连续;
当??1时,f(x)在x?0不可导,f?(x)在x?0点不连续.
38、设f(x)满足f?(x)?af(x),求f(n)(x).
225f??(x)?3af(x)f?(x)?3af(x)2437f???(x)?3?5af(x)f?(x)?3?5af(x)
f(4)3639(x)?3?5?7af(x)f?(x)?3?5af(x)????f(n)(x)?(2n?1)!!afn(2n?1)(x)
29. 设2f(x)?f(1)?x,求f?(x).
x2f(1)?f(x)?12xx222x13f(x)?2x?2, f(x)??12
3x3xf?(x)?4x?2333x四、应用:(本题共2小题,每题5分,总分10分)
1. 设y?ax与y?lnx相切,求a及切线方程.
22设切点为(x0,y0),则ax0?lnx0, 2ax0?1, ax0?lnx0?1, x0?x02所以切点为(e,1),斜率k?1, 切线 y?1?1(x?e)22ee2e, a?12e
?x?et?xcost?12、设一质点运动方程为?求质点在x?0处的速度. 2y?t?t?te(1?cost)?(e?1)sintxt??(e?1)??,yt??2t?1 21?cost(1?cost)ttx?0时t=0, xt?|x?0?1,yt?|x?0?1,v?2(xt?)?(yt?)?225?542 五、证明:(本题共2小题,每题5分,总分10分)
1.证明方程x?7x?4在区间(1,2)内至少有一个实根.
5设f(x)?x?7x?4,则f(x)在(??,??)连续,又f(1)??10?0, f(2)?14?0由零值定理知在(1,2)至少存在一点?使f(?)?0,即方程f(x)?0即x?7x?4有实根.552.若limf(x)?0,且limx?x0f(x)g(x)x?x0 ?A?0,证明:limg(x)?0.x?x0由limf(x)g(x)x?x0?A?0,得limf(x)Ag(x)f(x)x?x0?1A存在, 所以g(x)f(x)?1A?? (??0)从而 g(x)????f(x), 因limf(x)?0,lim??0,根据极限运算法则知
x?x0x?x0x?x0limg(x)存在,且limg(x)?x?x00A?0?0?0