23．Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. But a new report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking.
The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, part of the National Academies. This organization provides scientific and technical advice to the government and the public.
The report contains some general suggestions. The experts say women should get about two-point-seven liters of water daily. Men should get about three-point-seven liters. But wait － in each case, that is more than eight glasses.
There is an important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink. In fact, the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods. People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day. People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk. They drink coffee and tea. These all contain water.
As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Depending on heat and activity, people could need two times as much water as others do.
(1).According to the passage, experts advise people to drink as much water as they feel like drinking. A. T B. F 答案：A
(2).Most healthy people meet their daily needs for water by drinking when they are tired.
A. T B. F 答案：B
(3).The Institute of Medicine usually changes some traditional ideas. A. T B. F 答案：B
(4).People's daily water requirement can include the water content in foods. A. T B. F 答案：A
(5).People need to drink more water when they live in hot climates. A. T B. F 答案：A
24．My Aunt Edith was a widow of 50, working as a secretary, when doctors discovered what was then thought to be a very serious heart disease.
Aunt Edith didn't accept defeat easily. She began studying medical reports in the library and found an article in a magazine about a well-known heart surgeon, Dr. Michael DeBakey, of Houston, Texas. He had saved the life of someone with the same disease. The article said his fees were very high; Aunt Edith couldn't possibly pay them. But could he tell her of someone whose fees she could pay?
So Aunt Edith wrote to him. She simply listed her reasons for wanting to live: her three children, who would be on their own in three or four more years; her little-girl dream of traveling and seeing the world. There wasn't a word of self-pity－only warmth and humor and the joy of living. She mailed the letter, not really expecting an answer.
A few days later, my doorbell rang. Aunt Edith didn't wait to come in; she stood in the hall and read aloud: Your beautiful letter moved me very deeply. If you can come to Houston, there will be no charge
for either the hospital or the operation.
Signed :Michael DeBakey
(1).Aunt Edith stopped working as a secretary when she knew she had a very serious heart disease. A. T B. F 答案：B
(2).From the story we can see Aunt Edith accepted defeat easily.
A. T B. F 答案：B
(3).In Aunt Edith's letter to the doctor, she showed she was warm, humorous and enjoying living.
A. T B. F 答案：A
(4).When Aunt Edith mailed her letter, she didn't expect the doctor would give her a reply.
A. T B. F 答案：A
(5).Michael DeBakey mainly told Aunt Edith in the letter that her disease was so serious that he couldn't cure her.
A. T B. F 答案：B 25．When I begin to look back on all friends whom I have had, I quickly came to the conclusion that Jerry was the most important and had the greatest effect upon my life. His family moved to my block when I was only 10. Jerry
was 15 at the time, but the fact that he was so much older than me seemed to make no difference to him. I was very glad that he liked me. We took long walks together, on which he would tell me stories he had heard form TV and radio programs.
But as months went by, a change came into our friendship. Jerry almost stopped coming by the house, and every time I went to his house or telephoned, he put me off with some excuses such as \got some jobs to do for Mum\wave with a \me and that his taste had changed. I noticed him with a girl once in a while and several times saw him going out in his family's car on a Friday or Saturday night. I simply couldn't understand what was so great about girls and parties.
But I was hurt when he finally made me know that our friendship was at an end. Of course he didn't really mean to hurt me, but it was a long time before I realized that it was an age problem that caused the break. There were a world of differences between the ideas and interests of a 17-year-old and a 12-year-old. Now that I'm over sixteen myself, I realized this, and the hurt I got then has become happy memories of the good times we were once together. I wonder if millions of other boys and girls have had a similar experience.
(1).When the writer and Jerry first met, Jerry was 5 years older than the writer. A. T B. F 答案：A
(2).Their friendship lasted for a few years. A. T B. F 答案：B
(3).Jerry stopped playing with the writer because he was busy with his study. A. T B. F 答案：B
(4).When a change came in their friendship, the writer started going to parties with girls. A. T B. F 答案：B
(5).The main idea of the passage is that the age difference plays a part in friendship. A. T B. F 答案：A
26．Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history, greater than what only a few other men have achieved. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity of time and space and so on-but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.
By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the
Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the years following World War I honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Noble Prize, and he was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
(1).The main idea of Paragraph 1 is the change in human thought produced by Einstein. A. T B. F 答案：A
(2).According to the American university president, The theory of relativity can be quickly learned by everyone.
A. T B. F 答案：B
(3).According to Paragraph 2, Albert Einstein headed a research institute. A. T B. F 答案：B
(4).According to the passage Einstein did his greatest work when he was young. A. T B. F 答案：A
(5).It may be concluded that Albert Einstein was forced to serve in the German army. A. T B. F 答案：B 27．All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer.
Sports change with the season. People play different games in winter and summer.
Games and sports often grow out of people's work and everyday activities. The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too.
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers.
Some sports or games go back to thousands of years ago, like running or jumping. Chinese boxing, for
example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person's character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride
and to lose with grace.
(1).According to this passage we know that people began to play about one hundred years ago. A. T B. F 答案：B
(2).The writer didn't tell us in this passage that basketball was invented in America. A. T B. F 答案：A
(3).People all over the world enjoy sports because sports are interesting. A. T B. F 答案：B
(4).From this passage we can see that according to the author sports and games are significant to our life in many respects. A. T B. F 答案：A
(5).The writer's attitude towards sports is positive. A. T B. F 答案：A
28．Dieting to lose weight has become very popular in recent years. People have become more health conscious and try to take better care of their bodies by eating more nutritiously（有营养） and exercising more regularly to lose any unnecessary fat that they may have.
Not only are people being more careful about what they eat, they are also concerned with how they eat and how their meals are prepared. People are taking more time for each meal. Many avoid the so-called \fast-food hamburgers and choose to eat a salad or a sandwich of more healthful ingredients（成分） in a quiet restaurant with a more leisurely atmosphere. At home, they also try to take enough time to eat a relaxed dinner without phone or TV interruptions.
While dieting may be viewed as beneficial, it has also become a serious problem for Americans, particularly for young women. Dieting for them has actually become a psychological addiction（依赖）. They eat so little that they can lose as much as fifty percent of their total body weight, and although they look like skeletons, they still insist that they are fat.
The current wave of exercising, dieting and the problems produced have caused many organizations to begin educating the public. Many schools, hospitals, health organizations, newspapers and magazines, for example, are offering classes, printing booklet articles, etc. to inform the public of the way to exercise and diet, of the dangers of dieting too rapidly, and of the places people can go for medical help if they find themselves on the road to \addiction\