Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
1．According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ________ . A. he is reluctant to take on family responsiblilities
B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement 2．Raising children, in the author‘s opinion is ________ .
A. a moral duty B. a thankless job C. a rewarding task D. a source of inevitable pain 3．From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ________ . A. hatred B. misunderstanding C. prejudice D. ignorance 4．To understand what true happiness is one must ________ .
A. have as much fun as possible during one‘s lifetime B. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain C. put up with pain under all circumstances D. be able to distinguish happiness from fun 5．What is the author trying to tell us?
A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain． B. One must know how to attain happiness. C. It is important to make commitments. D. It is pain that leads to happiness.
C
―Most experiences of absent - mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, ‖ says Schacter. ―You‘re supposed to remember something, but you haven‘t encoded（编码） it deeply.‖
Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don‘t pay attention to what you did because you‘re involved in a conversation, you‘ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard.― Your memory itself isn‘t failing you, ‖ says Schacter, ―Rather, you didn‘t give your memory system the information it needed.‖
Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. ―A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ‖ says Zelinski, ― may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.‖Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.
―Visual cues（ 视觉提示 ）can help prevent absent- mindedness, ‖says Schacter, ―But be sure the cue is clear and available. ‖If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don‘t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you‘re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. ―Everyone does this from time to time, ‖says Zelinski. ―The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you‘ll likely remember.‖
1．The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.
A. it enables us to recall something from our memory B. it slows down the process of losing our memory C. it helps us understand our memory system better D. it helps us to get back to where we were 2．One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________. A. they rely more on the environment B. they have a wider range of interests
C. they have an unusual power of focusing their attention D. they are more interested in what‘s happening around them 3．Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________.
A. It will easily get lost B. It is out of your sight
C. It‘s not clear enough for you to read D. It might get mixed up with other things 4．From the last paragraph we can learn that________.
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A. repetition might help improve our memory
B. memory depends to a certain extent on the environment C. we‘d better return to where we were if we forget things D. we should think about something else while doing one thing 5．The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the memory system of persons B. a way of encoding and recalling
C. the causes of absent - mindedness D. the impression of the environment on memory
D
Over the past 10 years, technologies that have combined compters with telephone have developed. Technologies such as PC fax programs and LAN fax servers （局域网传真服务器）have been used to improve fax communications, The latest computer based technologies are new mechanisms （机制）which use IP（Internet Protocol, 因特网协议）to send faxes, that is, IP fax.
Traditional fax has a fairly simple usage model, first, the user inserts a document into the fax machine, enters the destination fax number and presses the start button on the machine. The sending machine dials the receiving fax machine, If it connects, the sending machine scans the documents and sends it over the pubic switched telephone network （PSTN, 公共电共话交换网）to the receiving machine. At the same time the receiving machine receives the document and then prints it.
In IP fax system there are two basic transmission modes : store - and - forward mode and real - time mode. Store - and - forward mode has been widely used, In this mode, the entire document is sent to a network - based server that stores it and then sends it to the destination. Real - time IP faxing is similar to traditional fax. Real time mode allows two fax machines to directly communicate through some standard.
IP fax enables a fax document to be sent from one person to another. A fax machine or a computer can be used to send or receive the fax. IP fax also allows e - mail to be used to receive faxes. This would enable users to receive faxes anywhere, anytime with an internet fax address. 1．The passage deals mainly with________.
A. PC fax B. IP fax C. information technology D. new machines 2．In traditional fax, ________can be used.
A. even computers B. LAN fax servers C. e - mail D. only fax machines 3．IP fax can use all of the following to send and receive a fax except ________. A. a fax machine B. a receiving machine C. a computer D. e - mall 4．In real - time IP fax mode________. A. two fax machines communicate directly B. a network - based server is used C. users can receive faxes anywhere D. the PSTN has to be used
5．In paragragh 2, the word ―inserts‖ can be placed by________. A. prints B. presses C. puts D. uses
III. Cloze
Most of us can remember the days when we didn‘t use e mail as an everyday vehicle for communication. Slowly but surely, it crept into 36 . E - mail is a 37 tool for college students at any level. It‘s available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and 38 at holidays. Most universities assign students an account upon entrance, 39 there is usually not even an option involved.
You can do everything from consulting on homework and projects, 40 classmates, family and friends, and getting daily news services to 41 you informed of world 42 . But, what are the 43 ? E-mail can be e -jail. You might 44 hours writing and responding to e- mail 45 you should be busy with the books for an upcoming exam. 46 , you might be signed up for so many daily services, 47 horoscopes, news services, or personals, that your mailbox is so 48 ―junk mail‖ , that finding the 49 e - mails through your box might take hours.
If you‘re a student, 50 is precious. Create and organize your e- mail folders into important school- related mail, correspondence with friends and family, and a folder for jokes, horoscopes, and other news services. 51 put spend to the most important e - mails first and, 52 you have time, you can get to the others.
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53 your friends from forwarding those tiresome joke lists, sex quizzes, and chain e - mails. The minute you 54 you‘ve got one, delete it 55 so you won‘t be tempted to read it. 36．A. the life 37．A. valuable 38．A. even 39．A. but
40．A. keeping touch with C. losing touch with 41．A. keeping 42．A. accidents 43．A. advantages 44．A. spend 45．A. for 46．A. Otherwise 47．A. such as 48．A. full up with 49．A. important 50．A. money 51．A. Sometimes 52．A. if 53．A. Encourage 54．A. examine 55．A. later
IV. Translation
1. Oxford University is the oldest university in Britain and one of the world‘s most famous institutions of higher learning.
2. At Oxford, each college is a corporate body distinct from the university governed by its own head and fellows.
3. You could call me a shop-a-holic, as most of my friends do, but I call myself a lover of fashion.
4. 为了追求更为健康的饮食，人们现在比过去吃鱼多。 （in pursuit of ）
5. 打印这份学期论文花了一整天。 （take up ）
V. Writing
On Lifelong Learning
B. us life B. changeable B. sitll B. so B. keep B. incidents B. mistakes B. cost B. because B. Or B. such like B. filled up of B. necessary B. mark B. Always B. although B. Watch B. check up B. immediately
C. our lives C. favorable C. ever C. because B. getting in touch to D. keeping in touch with C. leaving C. events C. wrongs C. take C. since C. But C. for example C. filled up with C. practical C. grade C. Almost C. since C. Discourage C. find C. after
D. us lives D. usable D. yet D. except that D. leave D. things D. disadvantages D. pay D. when D. However D. so as D. full with D. possible D. time D. Usually D. because D. Refuse D. realize D. soon
作业题（五）
I. Reading Comprehension:
Passage One: Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
China's environmental protection industry can look forward m unprecedented development and its profits are expected to rise. Experts say positive factors such as China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) and Beijing's successful bid for the 2008 Olympic Games have now injected vitality into the development of China's environmental protection industry. The Beijing 2008 Olympic Games has spurred the government and the general public to look at environmental protection and created a great market potential for environmental protection businesses.
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Since China's entry into the WTO, the country is giving priority to opening up environment-related services and the market in order to finance environmental protection. Taking this as a challenge, China is learning from the experience of developed countries, and working out policies to encourage the flow of overseas capital into the environmental protection sector, the experts say. The \trading members of the WTO are helping Chinese exporting companies to put importance on authentication and environmental safety control, as well as in administration. China has pumped more investments into the environmental protection industry in a bid to promote the growth of the potential market.
In the meantime, the state will also work out favorable policies for the extension of subsidies and discount loans to major enterprises to carry out environmental projects and projects to improve and demonstrate the use of technology in the field. 21. The 2008 Olympic Games will bring about____________. A)a bad result on the environmental protection industry B)an encouragement in the environmental protection insustry C)profits in the environmental protection industry
D) undecided outcome on the environmental protection industry 22. What is NOT true of the following statements? A) China's entry into the WTO is a positive factor. B)The 2008 Olympic Games is a positive factor.
C) Environmental protection industry has created a great market.
D) Unprecedented development in environmental protection industry will happen. 23. To finance environmental protection, what is China doing? A)Giving a priority to environment-related services. B)Opening up the market. C)Entry into the WTO.
D)Opening up services and the market in environment aspect. 24. To promote the growth of the potential market China has___________. A)put importance on authentication and environmental safety control B) withdrawn investments in the environmental protection industry C) tried to get help from WTO
D)enlarged investments into the environmental protection industry
25. Which is not the policy of China towards the environmental protection industry?
A)Giving a priority to it. B)Working out policies to encourage it. C)Working out discount loans to some enterprises. D)Carrying out environmental projects.
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a \
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behaviors. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modem traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, improper politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is the driver who waves a child across a crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.
A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learn to filter correctly into
traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages() that give rise to bad temper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can't even learn to
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drive, let alone be well-mannered on the road. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart. 26. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by___________. A)people's attitude towards drivers B)the rhythm of modern life C)the behavior of the driver D)traffic conditions
27. The sentence \
implies that___________.
A)our Society is unjust towards well-mannered motorists B)rude drivers can be met only occasionally
C)the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the rude driver D)nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motorists 28.By \ A) the driver's ability to understand and react reasonably B)the driver's prompt response to difficult conditions C) the driver's tolerance of bad road conditions
D)the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations
29. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, ___________. A)road users should make more sacrifices B)drivers should be ready to yield to one another C)drivers should have more communication among themselves D)drivers will suffer a great loss if they pay no respect to others 30. In the writer's opinion, ___________.
A)strict traffic regulations are badly needed B)drivers should apply road politeness properly C)rude and inconsiderate drivers should be punished D)drivers should try their best to avoid traffic jams
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always wicked and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity has changed this. Either Man will abolish war, or war will abolish man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the gravest danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in massacre, but by arbitration in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change age-old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.
There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a profound error. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic assertions which are, at best, doubtful and at worst, totally false. Their adherents believe in them so fanatically that they are willing to go to war in support of them.
The movement of world opinion during the past two years had been very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear wars must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the international sphere, but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between East and West, but between Man and the H-bomb. 31. According to the author___________.
A)it is impossible to live without war at present
B)war is the only way to settle international disagreements C)our way of thinking must change if we want to survive D)war will be abolished by modern ingenuity
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