都接名词。?
10. C) 【句意】 董事会认为，明天早晨的第一 件事就是将这些邀请函紧急寄出。?
【难点】 it is urgent that 后接虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。? 11. B) 【句意】 没有实际主题的操作性训练只 得保持原样。?
【难点】 manipulative 意为“操作的；控制的”；manufacture意为“制 造”；manipulate意为“操纵”；manifest意为“显然的；明了的”。? 12. C) 【句意】 写作这本书的时间如此之长，
以致于我找不到图书馆职员为我找到的大部分原始资料。?
【难点】 lose track of 意为“失去与?的联系；失去?的线索”；trac e意为“痕迹，遗迹”；trail 意为“踪迹；臭迹；足迹”；touch意为“接触”。? 13. B) 【句意】 你大衣的肘部磨薄了，我得在 那儿打块补丁。?
【难点】 patch意为“补缀；修补”；mend意为“修理；修补”，比如鞋 ；repair意为“修理；修复”，比如机器；pitch意为“投；掷；扔”。? 14. D) 【句意】 生产率的提高和工资的提高没 有保持同步。?
【难点】 productivity 意为“生产力；生产率”；production意为“生 产；制造”；product意为“产品”；produce意为“农产品”。? 15. B) 【句意】 人们在心理压力的作用下，表
演了非凡的力量技艺，比如把一辆汽车从交通事故的受害者身上搬开。? 【难点】 extraordinary意为“不平常的；非凡的”；spec ific意为“特有的，特种的”；abrupt意为“突然的，意外的”；abnormal意为“不正常的 ，反常的”。?
16. C) 【句意】 现代化的家用电器把我们从大
量的家务劳动中解放出来，比如，甩干机使我们不必把洗的衣服挂起来。? 【难点】 liberate意为“解放”，与from连用；escape意为“逃跑；逃走 ”；benefit意为“有益于”；comfort意为“安慰；慰问”。? 17. C) 【句意】 那位上了年纪的发言人在他的
笔记中寻找着他记不起来的数字，此时，听众们恭敬地等候着，全场一片寂静。? 【难点】 respectful意为“尊敬的；恭敬的”；respective意为“各自的 ，分别的”；respect是名词，意为“尊敬”；respectable意为“可敬的”。? 18. C) 【句意】 文件的消失从未得到过解释。 【难点】 account for意为“解释；说明”；count for意为“值，计”； look up意为“查检”；check up意为“核实”。? 19. B) 【句意】 当这个人被问及丢失的文件夹 时，他否认曾经见过。?
【难点】 四个选项中只有deny合题意。deny+动名词，意为“否认”；ref use意为“拒绝”
，加不定式；oppose意为“反对，抵抗”，常接介词to; resist意为“反抗，抗拒”。[ZK) ]?
20. D) 【句意】 年轻夫妇之间的交流是件棘手 的事。?
【难点】 delicate意为“需要小心处理的，棘手的”；sharp意为“尖刻 的，辛辣 的”；dreadful意为“遭透的，非常讨厌的”；intense意为“强烈的，剧烈的”。 21. D) 【句意】 好几星期没下雨，昨晚下了一 场小雨，很快被地面吸收了。? 【难点】 absorb意为“吸收”；skip意为“使(石片)跳跃着擦过水面”； soak意为“把?浸湿”；retrieve意为“使恢复；使再生”。? 22. A) 【句意】 一有进一步的消息，我们立即 通知你。?
【难点】 notify意为“通知；报告”；signify意为“象征，预示”；communicate意为“传达，传递”；impart意为“告诉；传授”。?
23. B) 【句意】 狐狸掉进了猎人为它设的陷井 。?
【难点】 bush意为“树丛”；trap意为“陷井”；trick意为“把戏”；circle意为“圈，圆圈”。?
24. A) 【句意】 我不知道你要保留那封信。我 已把信撕了。? 【难点】 tear up意为“撕毁”；give up意为“放弃”；break up意为“击碎；拆散”；dispose of意为“处理；清除”。?
25. B) 【句意】 老太太滑倒了，从楼梯顶上摔到了下面。? 【难点】 slip意为“滑倒；滑落”；slide意为“滑行；光滑地移动”；split意为“裂开”；spill意为“溅出；流出”。
高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解9
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动词后接不定式或动名词
有些动词或词组如admit, appreciate, avoid, consale, defer, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, mention, mind, miss, quit, postpone, practise, resist, risk, (can’t) stand, suggest, give up, put off等后面只能接动名词。例如：? I enjoy playing football.?
I don’t mind sleeping with the door open.?
有些动词如stop, remember, forget, try, mean等接不定式或动名词做宾语，意思各不相同。? try doing sth试试看(没有付诸的行动)? try to do尽力去做(已有行动)? mean doing sth意味着? mean to do sth打算?? 近义词辨析?
?change, alter, convert, modify, vary? 这组词均含有“变化”的意思。?
change
最常用，指任何一种变化过程，但多用于指某人或某物发生根本性转变，失去了原来的身份特征，前后完全不同。?
Years of hard work had changed her a great deal.多年辛苦劳作使她变了很多。?
alter
指对人或事物的某些特征进行某种程度的更改，但并没有使人或事物的性质发生根本改变。?
She had to ask the dressmaker to alter the dress for her.她不得不请裁缝把衣服改一下。?
convert
指使事物的条件、性质、功能等发生重要改变、转换、或转化。?
Scientists are trying to find cheaper ways to convert salt water to fresh water.科学家在努力寻找将海水淡化的更廉价的方法。?
modify
指在较小的范围内进行形式上的修改或调整。?
They have to modify the terms of their lease.他们不得不修改租赁条款。?
vary
可以指仅仅改变事物的外观，也可指使事物的内在性质发生变化，通常是在同一组事物中将一种情形改变为另一种情形。?
She varies the program each month to make it more attractive.每个月她都对节目做些变动，使它更吸引人。??
全真模拟试题?
1. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its alw ays ?____? with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.? A. being combined B. having combined ? C. to combine D. combined?
2. Physics is the present?day equivalent of ?____? used
to be called natural philosophy, from ?____? most of present?da y science arose.?
A. which, what B. that, which ? C. what, which D. what, that?
3. On no account ?____? ever leave the baby at home alon e.? A. should you B. you should C. shall you D. you shall? 4. ?____?the center of our planetary system was conside red as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.? A. It is the sun and not the earth ? B. That the sun and not the earth? C. Being the sun and not the earth ? D. The sun and not the earth?
5. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ?___, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities du
ring the war.?
A. was turned out B. was being turned out? C. being turned out D. turned out?
6. I’d rather you ?____? by train because the weather fo recast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.? A. went B. should go C. will go D. go?
7. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany u ntil the rise of Nazism ?____? he was expelled from Germany becaus e he was a Jew.?
A. when B. who C. then D. which?
8. Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country ?____? find a place to settle down.?
A. can he B. he can C. he D. for him to
9. With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot even walk, ?____? run.? A. let alone B. that’s to say ?
C. not to speak D. not to mention?
10. ?____?, she led a life of complete seclusion.? A. Being disgraced B. Disgraced? C. Disgracing D. She was disgraced?
11. Sometimes a bus ?____? gets on the bus to check the tickets.?
A. agent B. officer C. conductor D. inspector? 12. He made a quick ?____? from his illness.? A. relief B. recovery C. survival D. relaxation? 13. ?____? the stress of examinations are over, we can a ll relax.?
A. While B. Even though C. Now that D. For?
14. My cousin Nancy is often in a poisonous mood; I suppose it’s because sh e is ?____? child.?
A. one B. a lone C. a single D. an only?
15. ?____? the factors already referred to, people somet
imes feel insecure because their motives are misunderstood by others.? A. But for B. Except for C. Apart from D. Except that? 16. If the scheme is ?____? carried out without waste of time or energy I shall be completely satisfied.? A.relatively B. noticeably ? C. appropriately D. efficiently?
17. One day we all may find it useful to have a(n) ?____?
for sending documents, writing any pictures across the telephone lines.? A. receiver B. echo C. extension D. facility?
18. To their credit the Department of Energy ?____? thes e ideas and funded a detailed study.?
A. took over B. took on C. took up D. took to? 19. Feeling that she was in the right, she took ?____? a
t the dirty remark.?
A. protection B. offense C. defense D. guard?
20. They agreed to share in common any ?____? of funds a fter all expenses were paid in full.?
A. sufficiency B. surpass C. excess D. surplus? 21. He was ?____?her in intelligence.? A. below B. under C. beneath D. down?
22. It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an ?____? plan.?
A. bright B. clever C. brilliant D. ingenious? 23. In the refining process, rice and flour lose much of their ?____?.?
A. acid B. alcohol C. vitamin D. sulphur?
24. Individual lines of the poem were very beautiful, but I didn’t see how the lines fit together. To me, the poem wasn’t ?____?.? A. inherent B. coherent C. logical D. corporate?
25. To an especially sensitive child, a simple scolding can be a ?____? experience.?
A. hysterical B. grievous C. gracious D. sensible? 试题答案与解析 ??
1. A) 【句意】 由于铝总是和其它元素结合在
一起，最常见的是和氧气在一起，所以自然界中哪里也不会找到单独的铝元素。? 【难点】 owing to 是介词，后应接名词或动名词，根据题意，应接被动 语态形式。?
2. C) 【句意】 当今的物理就是以前被称之为
自然哲学的等同物，大多数现代科学都产生于自然哲学。?
【难点】 what used to be called作定语，修饰natural philosophy,fro m which引导一个非限制性定语从句。?
3. A) 【句意】 你决不应该把小孩一个人放在 家里。?
【难点】 on no account 意为“决不”属否定意义的词，引导倒装句，所 以只有A)项正确。?
4. B) 【句意】 太阳系的中心是太阳而不是地 球这一事实被中世纪的教会认为是异端邪说。?
【难点】 That引导主语从句，全句的谓语是was considered.? 5. D) 【句意】 后来证明他的财产被国家没收 的原因是，战争期间他参与了诈骗活动。?
【难点】 it turned out (to be)这里作插入语，意为“证明?是?”。 6. A) 【句意】 我宁愿你乘火车去，因为天气 预报说明天将有大雪。?
【难点】 would rather 后接虚拟语气的从句，用一般过去时。? 7. A) 【句意】 爱因斯坦于1921年获诺贝尔奖
金，在德国享有盛誉。后来随着纳粹主义的兴起，他被逐出德国，因为他是个犹太人。? 【难点】 关系副词when引导的定语从句修饰名词词组the rise of Nazism