个性化教学辅导教案
学科： 英语 年级： 八年级 任课教师： 授课时间： 2018 年 春季班 第4周 教学 课题 教学 1. 词汇巩固。 目标 2.动名词的用法。 教学 重点:.动名词的应用； 重难点 难点:动名词与动词不定式的区别。 U2 词汇巩固与动名词用法 教学过程
知识点 词汇复习
at a travel company在旅游公司里 instead of sb.代替某人 more than just不仅仅是 look friendly看上去友好
give sb. a cheerful greeting高兴地向某人打招呼 get a chance to sdo sth.得到做某事的机会 the expression on one’s face脸上的表情 hold one’s head up昂头 feel welcome感觉受欢迎 sit up straight坐起来；坐直 a few moments later片刻之后 smile at sb.向某人微笑
decide to do sth. 决定作某事
go to sb. for help去寻求某人的帮助 remind sb. about sth.提醒某人某事 minutes later几分钟后
Grammar动名词 一．动词加ing规则
直接加ing be see eat
以不发音的－e结尾的动词，须去掉e再加ing com writ tak
动词是闭音节的单音节词，重读闭音节结尾的多音节，末尾只有一个辅音时，辅音字母须双写，然后加ing sit begin run stop forget 少数几个以－ie结尾的单音节动词，须变i为y，再加ing （die） （tie） （lie） 二．动名词的用法 1. 作主语
学中文不是一件容易的事。 (learn) Chinese is not an easy thing. 眼见为实
(see) is believing.
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2.作宾语
Do you (mind) my opening the window ?我关窗户，你介意吗？ 3. 作介词宾语
他已经不在踢足球了。He has given up (play) football. 她擅长游泳。She is good at (swim).=She is keen on swimming. 三．动名词的其他用法
His only hobby was sleeping.(用作表语)
Many admire his special ability, learning three different languages at the same time.(作同位语) Some people have to take sleeping-pills every night.(作形容词) 四．动名词短语作宾语, 下列动词只接 动名词:
suggest, advise, practise, mind, enjoy, finish, consider, keep, avoid, miss, excuse, put off , feel like, give up, insist on, deny(否认), prefer…. 加动名词的动词大集合口诀（原创）
我有时很感激欣赏(appreciate)我的孩子，但总是避免(avoid)承认(admit)这一点，请允许(allow)我寻求您的建议(advise)，{名词为advice}您考虑(consider)后告诉我如何克服这个小缺点。还有一件事，我的孩子总是拖延(delay)他不喜欢(dislike)的事，不可否认(deny)这就是逃避(escape)。老师原谅(excuse)了他，但是告诫他要喜欢(enjoy)自己的该做的事。我曾经禁止(forbid)他凭空想象(fancy)赶快完成(finish)自己手头的事，他反对我并保持(keep)他的想象(imagine)，说介意(mind)自已会错过(miss)任何灵感。有专家告诉我要允许(allow)孩子去实践(practise)，去冒险(risk)，因为孩子不能抵制(resist)自己闯的诱惑，只要建议(suggest)他忍受(stand)住任何学习工作的艰苦就可以了。最终孩子一定会理解(understand)的。 五．既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词总结 1. 含义相同的动词
like 喜欢 / love 喜欢 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 宁可 / begin 开始 / start 开始 / continue 继续 / 等。如： He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。 2. forget, remember, regret 含义不同
接不定式时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后；接动名词作宾语时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如：I forgot (tell) you about it. 我忘记告诉你那件事了。I remembered (give) the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我记得我把书给李蕾了，但是他说我没有给。
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3. mean后接不定式或动名词含义不同
接不定式作宾语时，表示一种意图，“打算做，想要做”；接动名词作宾语时，表示解释，“意味着，意思是”。如：”I didn’t mean (bother) you. 我本不想打扰你。What he said means (go) there by air. 他的话的意思是坐飞机去那儿。 4. try后接不定式或动名词含义不同
try 接不定式作宾语时，表示一种决心，意思是“设法做，尽力做”；接动名词作宾语时，表示尝试，意思是“试着做”。如：I’ll try (catch) up with my class. 我将尽力赶上同学们。I tried (read) the text without consulting my dictionary. 我试着不查词典来阅读课文。 I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 11. The girl is afraid of _______(swim) in the pool. 12. _______(get) a good job is not easy.
13. For your health, you have to give up _______(smoke). 14. Kingsley is good at _______(sing) English songs.
15. Jim has great difficulty in _______(communicate) with foreigners. 16. Mr Dong keeps _______(remind) me of _______(do) my homework. 17. Did you finish _______(read) this novel, Amy?
18. Don’t forget to lock the cage after _______(feed) the bird.
19. The boss has made it _______(clear) that he is not going to change his mind. 20. It’s important _______(finish) the work on time. IV. 单项选择。
( ) 26. ― What about _______a rest? ― Ok! Let’s go for a walk. A. having
B. had C. have
( ) 27. Our English teacher often says to us, “________ English well is very important.” A. Learn
B. Learning C. To learning
( ) 28. I hope everyone can care about _______ the environment and stop _____ things. A. protecting; wasting B. protecting; to waste
C. protect; wasting
( ) 29. ― Do you enjoy _________ a volunteer? ― If you want _______this, you'd better join us. A. being; knowing B. to be; knowing
C. being; to know
( ) 30. ________ a football fan, John is looking forward to __________the coming World Cup. A. As; watch B. For; watch C. As; watching
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阅读理解
Friends can think alike
“What! You, too? I thought I was the only one.” Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.
It seems that similarity often helps form friendships. The Greek philosopher (哲学家) Aristotle once said, “Some define (下定义) it [friendship] as a matter of similarity; they say that we love those who are like ourselves.”
Now, there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported.
The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a debate (讨论) and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists scanned (扫描) their brains and recorded their brain activity.
Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that are connected with motivation (动力), learning and memory.
However, people who weren’t friends had different reactions to the same clips.
Having close friends whose brains react like ours “may be rewarding (有益的) because it reinforces (加强) one’s own values, opinions, and interests,” lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider.
But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship. Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone. They did an experiment with first-year college students who met in class for the first time. In this experiment, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends. Choose the answer:
1. What does “this idea” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Many friendships start with small chats.
B. Friends try to develop similarities between themselves. C.People with similarities may become friends. D. We like those who like us first.
2. The 42 university students in the experiment _____.
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A. are all from the University of California C. all watched the same set of videos
B. were close friends before the experiment D. reacted differently from each other
3. What did the scans of the students’ brains show? A. They had watched the same video clips. B.Friends had similar reactions to the same clips. C. Watching videos improves one’s memory. D. It’s good to have friends who react similarly.
4. According to the story, what else may help build friendship? A. Being fun and helpful.
B. Studying at the same college. D. Being physically close.
C. Having similar appearances. 语法填空
We are always using body language in our daily 1 （communicate）. When we talk 2 each other, we may use body language. For example, in the USA, people point to 3 (they)heads when they think someone 4 (be)clever. 5 , human beings are not the only ones who use body language. Animals also use body language and facial 6 (express) to tell each other how they feel and what they think.
7 a dog is happy, its ears will stand up and its ears will wide open. When it is angry, it will look straight at you. If an elephant spreads its ears, it means “Watch out!” To show friendship, elephants will touch each other with their trunks(鼻子). Dolphins live in groups and like to show each other their 8 (feeling). An 9 (anger) dolphin will sometimes slap its tail on the water. A happy dolphin will play with its friends, making small jumps into the air. Not only humans but also animals can use body language 10 (communicate), but the things they “say” to each other are different.
课后练习
Point at something in the room. It is not polite to point with the index finger in the Middle and Far East.
Making a “V” means “Victory” in most parts of Europe when you make this sign with your palm facing away from you.
Use a circle with fingers to show “OK”. This means “OK” in the U.S. and in many countries
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around the world. In Japan, this means “money”. In France, it has the meaning of “zero”.
Pass a thing to someone with one hand. In Japan this is very rude. In many Middle and Far Eastern countries it is rude to pass something with your left hand.
1. It is _____ to point with the index finger in the Middle East. A. rude B. polite C. necessary D. important 2. The underlined word “sign” means ____ in Chinese. A.标志 B.图画 C.欢呼 D.说明 3. Using a circle with fingers shows _____ in Japan. A.OK B. zero C. money D. victory 4. What’s WRONG according to the passage?
A. It is rude to point at something with the index finger in the Far East.
B.A”V” means “Victory” in most parts of Europe when you make the palm face you. C. It is rude to pass a thing to someone with one hand in Japan.
D. It is polite to pass something with your right hand in Middle countries. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. How to pass a thing. B. The body language. C. How to show “OK”. D. Different signs.
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