Analysis of Direct and Indirect Styles of Communication
Most of the culture not only includes direct communication, also include indirect communicate. The Chinese on many occasions tend to indirect or subtle way of communication as the main way to communicate. Westerners on many occasions tend to direct way of communication. Indirect communication based on fuzzy type and the abstract language foundation. In speech communication senders provide some information of the background to receiver and at the same time it depends on the reason and the reasoning ability to recipient communication. It can get more information than the actual discourse. This means of communication is widely used in China. Westerners like to use direct communication is based on the direct and accurate language foundation, which won't produce understanding of the ambiguity.
The Chinese people in the course of the communicate tend to use rich expression and expressing effect of language.It pay attention to the thinking in images. Westerners are good at using abstract logic mean strong expression. The Chinese image thinking emphasize the form to see the principle, the beauty to see really. Westerners abstract thinking emphasizes concept analysis, logical reasoning. The emphasis is on ‘don't have any value color of the facts’.
The Chinese people in the exchange of the conversation often considers the status difference and need to be friendly and interpersonal harmonious factor, using different way of communication. Westerners are free to communicate and easy to overlook the identity and status of communication interpersonal relationship. Chinese believe that honour is binderof hierarchy relationship, and friendly and interpersonal harmony is the maintenance of equal relations as a link. Westerners are used to come straight to the point, not beat about the bush and speak only problem itself. Both sides of Chinese and western exchanges in different ways.It is easy to make problems with the understanding of the two sides. In international business negotiations, communication differences embodied particularly evident. Chinese people have a general consensus of first principle of the whole way of thinking and than to guide the specific problem solving scheme for the style of communication. American negotiations began a rush to directly into specific terms.
The deep differences between Chinese and western way of communication is the cultural difference. What is a culture? Culture is a combined of social habits, idea, thinking mode and behavior pattern. We have be discussed from thinking mode and concept. To understand the differences of Chinese and foreign about direct communication and indirect communication.
The researchers think that exchange hindered which is mainly because of the differences. Because the different ways of thinking, the communication nature is also different. Robert Kaplan (1966) put forward the thinking mode to the words of the cultural influence. He thinks the Oriental thinking is spiral and the western thinking is linear. The Chinese way of thinking is the spiral, in the process of narrative paper around the central idea must be always. With the development of repeated and spiral
form a person think and try to avoid direct to the point. Chinese believe that the expression of the indirect expression is better than the direct expression. The western view of the universe that between things is independent, all in development and change it straight, caused by the \general is on line. It usually contains four parts: import, theme, support, and conclusion. The article after the point is come straight to the point paragraph central idea and than talk the central idea in many points.Chinese is espressivo, fun and fetching daydream. This kind of thinking mode of the Chinese people relate to the use of Chinese philosophy. The Chinese people pay attention to things judged and ignore something as the analysis of the quantity. It leads to the language sometimes exquisite \words but meanings\break the attention of intuition. In contrast, westerners attention math and logic since the ancient times, and pay attention to the accuracy of this thinking characteristics. They pay attention to thinking more accurate activity sex, clarity and strict certainty. They also pay attention to the thinking of the program's mathematical, formalized and formulation. So westerners often lay particular stress on semantic rigorous type of communication. Chinese philosophy of harmony of the subject is the thoughts and dialectical thinking subject. Western philosophy is rational logical thinking of structural way of thinking.
Values are the core of the cultural factors. It includes world outlook, the outlook on life, the relationship between man and nature, religious beliefs, moral standards, etc. It is shown as some conform to social culture, and with persistence, stability, for the society members of generally accepted belief. Chinese Confucianism advocates a person's own, interpersonal, people and social harmony socialist.It is collectivism. Collectivism emphasis team goals and team spirit. The traditional Chinese culture of valuing pay attention to the overall interests and have the collective tendency. The essence of the require people to give up the individual interests, subject to the overall interests of the society, maintain social stability. Because of this, the Chinese people in communication, emphasizing the individual interests should be subject to the interests of the whole society. In western countries individualism holds its culture core position. Individualism has become the core value of the people and put into practice. Individualism of the culture of members are the maverick. They are not bound by any responsibility and commitment of the constraint. They has its own as the center in communication. Language is straightforward. It is paid attention to direct exchange and communication results.
Chinese people often put the problem, title and identity together. In the course of the exchange this difference will also naturally. Therefore Chinese think that friendly and interpersonal harmony is the maintenance of equal relations as a link. Westerners pay more attention to what people are doing. For them level appellation is just as a tag. They think that persuade is the most important. The objective of the exchange is exposed to different opinion quickly dealt. But wha twesterners are used to directly into the practice of problem itself to the Chinese people, is sometimes not too polite or reckless.