英美文学史复习资料

英美文学史复习资料 英国文学史资料

I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages 贝奥武夫 Artistic features:

1. Using alliteration头韵

2. Using metaphor暗喻 and understatement含蓄陈述

Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟The founder of English poetry.

三个阶段：

1 玫瑰传奇 2特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德longest complete poem 3 坎特伯雷故事集：

Significance :first time to use ?heroic couplet?(英雄双韵体) by middle English

II The Renaissance Period

A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.

Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and le

arning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.

1. 1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯宾塞1552~1599

（后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。） The poets? poet. The first to be buried in the Poet?s c

orner of Westerminster Abbey.

① 仙后(for Queen Elizabeth) The theme is not “Arms and the man”, but something more romantic “Fierce wars and faithfull loves”.

② 牧人日历

The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalinism More?2. Thomas托马斯?莫尔1478~1535 One of the greatest English humanists ①乌托邦?

Two books:1.on the social conditions of English 2.on an ideal communist society Bacon?3. Francis弗兰西斯?培根1561~1626 ? The first English essayist.father of english eassy. 1学术的推进 2. 3随笔58 essays?

4. Marlowe柯里斯托弗?马洛

①浮士德博士的悲剧（根据德国民间故事书写成）

②帖木耳大帝?

③马耳他岛的犹太人

5. William Shakespeare威廉?莎士比亚?1564~1616共37plays

① Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII ②四大喜剧:第二阶段 皆大欢喜; 第十二夜; 仲夏夜之梦; 威尼斯商人 ③四大悲剧: 哈姆莱特; 奥赛罗; 李尔王; 麦克白

④Shakespeare Sonnet :154 III The 17th Century

1. John Milton约翰?弥尔顿1608~1674

（失明后写 《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士参孙》。）

①Epics: 失乐园（亚当Adam夏娃Eve受魔鬼撒旦Satan诱惑偷尝禁果，被God逐出伊甸园Eden）?

< Regained?Paradise>复乐园 ②Dramatic poem: < Samson Agonistes>力士参孙 .

2. John Bunyan约翰?班扬1628~1688

（代表作《天路历程》，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书”，是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的《神曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。） Puritan poet(清教徒派诗人)

①Religionary Allegory:天路历程? 3. John Donne

the Metaphysical poet(玄学派诗人).

Metaphysical Poetry(玄学诗)：（用语）the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual, (形式)the form is frequently an argument with the poet?s beloved, with god, or with himself.（主题：love, religious, thought） 4. John Dryden:革命时期的保皇派代表royalist

IV The 18th Century

1Enlightment 3位代表Addison,Steele,Pope Johnson?2. Samuel塞缪尔?约翰逊1709~1784

①Dictionary =英语大词典? 3. Jonathan Swift乔纳森?斯威夫特1667~1745 ① 格列佛游记(fictional work) Four parts:

Lilliput 小人国 Brobdingnag 大人国 Flying Island 飞岛 Houyhnhnm 马岛 一个小小的建议? ② 书战 ③ 木桶的故事?

④ 一个麻布商的书信 4. Daniel Defoe丹尼尔?笛福?1660~1731 < Crusoe?Robinson>鲁宾逊漂流记

5. Oliver Goldsmith奥利弗?格尔德斯密斯1730~1774 ① poems:

荒村

② novel:

威克菲尔德牧师传? 6.感伤主义sentimentalism and pre-romanticism: Blake& Burns 7 William Blake威廉?布莱克1757~1827 ① 天真之歌. ② 经验之歌

③ 天堂与地狱的婚姻?

8 Robert Burns罗伯特?彭斯1759~1796

The greatest Scottish poet in the late 18th century. Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗 ① 约翰?安德生，我的爱人 ② 一朵红红的玫瑰? ③ < Syne?Auld Long>友谊地久天长 ④ 不管那一套? ⑤ < Highlands?My Heart?s in the>我的心在那高原上 V The Romantic Period

The romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s , and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott’s death.

“The Lake Poets”湖畔诗人，who lived in the lake district.

William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Robert Southey 1. William Wordsworth威廉?华兹华斯1770~1850 （与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。 The Lake Poets） ① 抒情歌谣集(with Samuel Taylor Coleridge) ②

③ Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey ④ The Solitary Reaper孤独的割麦女 ② 序曲

2. Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔?泰勒?科尔律治1772~1834 The Lake Poets

① 古舟子颂 ② 柯里斯塔贝尔 ③ 忽必烈汗 ④ 半夜冰霜 ⑤ 忧郁颂

⑥ 抒情歌谣集(with William Wordsworth)

3. George Gordon Byron乔治?戈登?拜伦1788~1824 ① 唐?璜

恰尔德?哈罗德尔游记 该隐 ② 当初我们俩分别 4. Persy Bysshe Shelley波西?比希?雪莱1792~1822 ① Poetic Drama：解放了的普罗米修斯 ② 麦布女王 伊斯兰的反叛 钦契一家 诗辩

无神论的必要性 ③ Lyrics:

Ode to the West Wind 西风颂 致云雀 A Defense of Poetry ---critical works Song to Men of England---greatest political lyric