Translation from English to Chinese:
1. The discovery of gold in California attracted thousands of immigrants. 2. It is a common property of any matter that it expands when heated and it contracts when cooled.
3. The man who saves when young will have more to spend when he is old. 4. In the event of rain, the sports meet will have to be put off.
5. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
6. The image of that woman gradually faded away from my mind.
7. The history of Xi’an has seen the rise and fall of 13 dynasties, and made tremendous contributions to the Chinese civilization and even to the civilization of the oriental world.
8. The signs of times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration.
Translation from Chinese to English:
1. 她女儿虽然才7岁，就对数学问题很着迷了。 2. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。
3. 努力工作是（获得）成功的唯一捷径。 4. （转念）再一次想想，他又改变了主意。 5. 使用细菌武器显然是违反国际法的。 6. 从上海飞到巴黎需要大约10个小时。 7. 医生们对这一复杂的病症大为不解。
8. 大多数人意识不到的是财富多少并不等同于收入多少。 9. 一周锻炼三次以上你的健康会受益无穷。
10. 仔细比较这两种生活方式，你将会发现前者比后者优越。 11. 这些问题问得好，要回答就要好好动一下脑筋。
12. 现在存在的昆虫的种类，比所有其它动物加起来的种类还要多。 13. 中国位于亚洲东部，太平洋西岸。陆地面积约960万平方公里。除
陆地外，中国还有470多万平方公里的海域，渤海、黄海、东海、南海四海相连，环绕着中国的东部和东南部海岸。(P.498)
14. 据报道,今年中国快递服务(courier services)将递送大约120亿件包
裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递业在中国扩张就不足为奇了。
15. 苏州大学坐落于素有“人间天堂”之称的历史文化名城苏州，是国
家“211工程”重点建设高校、“2011计划”首批入选高校，是江苏省属重点综合性大学。苏州大学前身是1900年创办的东吴大学(Soochow University)。目前它主要有三个校区：校本部、独墅湖校区和阳澄湖校区，占地面积2,705,000平方米，建筑面积超过163万平方米；该大学为科研提供了几乎各个领域的资料，包括藏书近400万册，中外文期刊30余万册，中外文电子书刊110余万册，中外文数据库82个。
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Key to the exercises:
1. The discovery of gold in California attracted thousands of immigrants. 加利福尼亚发现了金子，吸引了成千上万的移民。
2. It is a common property of any matter that it expands when heated and it contracts when cooled.
热胀冷缩是所有物质的共性。
3. The man who saves when young will have more to spend when he is old. 年轻节约用，年老不受穷。
4. In the event of rain, the sports meet will have to be put off. 如果天下雨，运动会将不得不推迟。
5. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. 有钱的单身汉总要娶位太太，这是一条举世公认的真理。
6. The image of that woman gradually faded away from my mind. 我逐渐忘记了那个女人的形象。
7. The history of Xi’an has seen the rise and fall of 13 dynasties, and made tremendous contributions to the Chinese civilization and even to the civilization of the oriental world.
西安在历史上见证了13个王朝的兴衰起落，对中国乃至世界东方的文明做出了巨大的贡献。
8. The signs of times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration.
时代迹象表明，有必要改进行政管理体制。
Translation from Chinese to English:
1. 她女儿虽然才7岁，就对数学问题很着迷了。
Her daughter, still a little girl of seven, was much absorbed in (crazy about) math questions.
2. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。
The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night.
3. 努力工作是（获得）成功的唯一捷径。 Hard work is the only shortcut to success. 4. （转念）再一次想想，他又改变了注意。
A second thought about it made him change his mind. 5. 使用细菌武器显然是违反国际法的。
The use of bacteriological weapon is a clear violation of the international law.
6. 从上海飞到巴黎需要大约10个小时。
The flight from Shanghai to Paris takes about 10 hours.
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7. 医生们对这一复杂的病症大为不解。 The complicated case puzzled all the doctors.
8. 大多数人意识不到的是财富多少并不等同于收入多少。
What most people don’t realize is that wealth isn’t the same as income. 9. 一周锻炼三次以上你的健康会受益无穷。
Doing physical exercise three times or more a week will bring enormous benefits to your health.
10. 仔细比较这两种生活方式，你将会发现前者比后者优越。
Careful comparison of the two ways of life will show the superiority of the former over the latter.
11. 这些问题问得好，要回答就要好好动一下脑筋。
They are good questions, because they call for thought-provoking answers.
12. 现在存在的昆虫的种类，比所有其它动物加起来的种类还要多。 There are more different kinds of insects in existence today than the total of all kinds of other animals put together.
13. 中国位于亚洲东部，太平洋西岸。陆地面积约960万平方公里。除陆地外，中国还有470多万平方公里的海域，渤海、黄海、东海、南海四海相连，环绕着中国的东部和东南部海岸。(P.498)
China is situated in the eastern part of Asia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. It has a total land area of 9.6 million square kilometers. The Chinese mainland is flanked by the Bohai, the Yellow, the East China and the South China seas in the east and south-east, with a total water surface of more than 4.7 million square kilometers.
14. 据报道,今年中国快递服务(courier services)将递送大约120亿件包
裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递业在中国扩张就不足为奇了。
It is reported that courier services in China will deliver about 12 billion parcels this year, which makes it possible for China to overtake the United States and become the largest market for courier services in the world. Most of the parcels contain items purchased online. China offers millions of online retailers opportunities to sell their products at significantly competitive prices. Chinese consumers bought $9 billion worth of commodities from the nation’s largest shopping platform just on the day of November 11th. Since there are many such special shopping days in China, it is no wonder that China’s courier services have expanded.
15. 苏州大学坐落于素有“人间天堂”之称的历史文化名城苏州，是国家“211工程”重点建设高校、“2011计划”首批入选高校，是江苏
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16. All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly limited. 我们大家都读过这样一些扣人心弦的故事，里面的主人公只有一点有限的时间可以活了，有时长达一年，有时短到只有24小时。然而，我们总是能很感动地发现，这些注定要灭亡的人是如何想办法度过他最后的几天或最后的几小时。当然，我说的是有所选择的自由人，而不是活动范围受到限制的被判刑的罪犯。
Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets?
这类故事使人们思索，很想知道我们在同样的境况下将会怎么办。我们作为必死的生物，处在这最后几小时内，会充满一些什么样的遭遇、什么样的感受、什么样的联想呢？我们回顾往事，会找到哪些幸福、哪些遗憾呢？
Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat,
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省属重点综合性大学。苏州大学前身是1900年创办的东吴大学(Soochow University)。目前它主要有三个校区：校本部、独墅湖校区和阳澄湖校区，占地面积2,705,000平方米，建筑面积超过163万平方米；该大学为科研提供了几乎各个领域的资料，包括藏书近400万册，中外文期刊30余万册，中外文电子书刊110余万册，中外文数据库82个。
Soochow University is located in the historic and cultural city of Suzhou, also called \the national “211 Project” and is one of the first group of universities selected for the “2011 Plan”. It is also one of the Jiangsu provincial key comprehensive universities. It has grown from the former Soochow University founded in 1900. It now has three major campuses: main campus, Dushu Lake Campus, and the Yangcheng Lake Campus, covering an area of 2,705,000 square meters with a total building area more than 1.63 million square meters. The university provides scientific research with materials in almost every area including nearly 4 million books, over 300 thousand Chinese and foreign periodicals, and more than 1.1 million Chinese and foreign e-books, and 82 Chinese and foreign language databases.
drink, and be merry,“ but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. 有时我认为，如果我们像明天就会死去那样去生活，才是最好的规则。这样一种态度可以尖锐地强调生命的价值。我们每天都应该怀着友善、朝气和渴望去生活，但是，当时间在我们前面日复一日，月复一月，年复一年地不断延伸开去，这些品质常常就会丧失。、当然，也有那些愿意把“吃吧，喝吧，及时行乐吧”作为座右铭的人，然而大多数人却为死神的来临所折磨。
In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. he becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values. It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do. 在许多故事中，注定要死的主人公通常在最后一分钟，由于遭遇好运而得到拯救，然而他的价值观念几乎总是改变了。他更加领悟了生命及其永恒的精神价值的意义。常常可以看到，那些活在或者曾经活在死亡阴影中的人们，对他们所做的每件事情都赋予了一种醇美香甜之感。
Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.
然而，我们大多数人都把人生视为当然。我们知道有一天我们必得死去，但我们总是把那一天想得极其遥远。我们处于精神活泼、身体轻快的健康状态，死亡简直是不可想象的，我们难得想到它。日子伸延到无穷无尽的远景之中，所以，我们总是做些无价值的工作，几乎意识不到我们对生活的懒洋洋的态度。
The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.
我担心，我们全部的天赋和感官都有同样的懒惰的特征。只有聋人才珍惜听觉，只有盲人才体会重见天日的种种幸福。这种看法特别适用于那些成年后失去视觉和听觉的人。但是，那些在视觉或听觉上没有蒙受损害的人，却很少能够充分地利用这些可贵的感官。他们的眼睛和耳朵模模糊糊地吸收了一切景色和声音，他们并不专心也很少珍惜它们。我们并不感激我们的所有，直到我们丧失了它；我们意识不到我们的健康，直到我们生了病——自古以来，莫不如此。
I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were
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stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.
我常想，如果每个人在在成年初期都患过几天盲聋症，这将是一种幸福。黑暗会使他更珍惜视觉；哑默会教导他更喜慕声音。
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