浅谈公路路线纵断面设计方法
摘要：公路是个复杂的空间带状构造物，其设计主要包括公路线形设计和结构设计两个方面。公路路线的纵断面设计是否合理，将直接影响到汽车行驶的安全性、快速性、工程的造价、汽车运输成本的高低及乘客的舒适程度等。另外，土地是不可再生资源，合理进行纵断面设计，也可节约公路用地。因此，公路路线的纵断面设计就成为公路线形设计的关键。本文首先分析了公路路线纵断面设计应遵循的原则，然后说明了路线纵断面设计图的绘制，最后对纵断面设计中的要点及路线组合形式做了详细探讨。
关键词：公路路线；纵断面；纵坡；标高；竖曲线半径
Abstract: the road is a complex space banded structure, its design mainly includes two aspects of highway geometric design and structural design. The profile design of highway route is reasonable, will directly affect the car’s safety, rapidity, the discretion of the project’s cost, automobile transportation cost and passenger comfort, etc. In addition, the land is non-renewable resources, reasonable profile design, also can save land for highways. As a result, the profile of highway route design is key to highway alignment design. At first, this paper analyzes the highway route design should follow the principle of profile, and then illustrates the line profile design drawing, and the key points of the profile design route combinations in detail discussed in this paper.
Key words: road route; Profile; Longitudinal slope; Elevation; Radius of vertical curve
公路纵断面设计应遵循的原则
在路线的纵断面设计中，通过结合实践，笔者总结出其应该遵循以下的设计原则：
满足纵坡和竖曲线的各项规定；
纵坡均匀平顺，起伏不宜过大；
设计标高的确定结合了沿线的自然条件，如土壤、地形、水文、气候等综合因素；
争取挖填平衡，尽量使挖方运转到就近路段作为填方，以减少借方和废方，降低工程造价；