2014年考研基础班词汇讲义（经典Mike）
词汇 - 综述篇
A完型填空 A1关连词
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Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.
They do not provide energy, 41 do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42 foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43 is missing a deficiency disease becomes 44.
Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements-usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45 nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47 one or more specific functions in the body. 48. enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49 vitamins. Many people,50, believe in being on the \extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body's vitamin needs.
41.A. either B. so C. nor D. never
46.A. in that B. so that C. such that D. except that
50.A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile A2适用语境 1义近词
The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is (41) the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of (42) breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words (43) a meeting of the minds of the speaker and the listener. The words used by the speaker may (44) unfavorable reactions in the listener (45) interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission reception system breaks down.(46), inaccurate or indefinite words may make (47) difficult for the listener to understand the (48) which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be (49) to explain or describe in a (50) that can be understood by his listener.?
42. A. inaccessible B. timely C. likely D. invalid 43. A. encourages B. prevents C. destroys D. offers 44. A. pass out B. take away C. back up D. stir up 48. A. speech B. sense C. message D. meaning? 49. A. obscure B. difficult C. impossible D. unable? 50. A. case B. means C. method D. way??
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2熟词僻义
Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of nonprime sleep. 41 kind of sleep is at all well understood, but REM sleep is 42 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of nonprime sleep is even more 43. The new experiments, such as those 44 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 45 of nonprime sleep.
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 47 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now 48 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood, 50 their immune systems? the self protecting mechanism against diseases? had crashed.
42. A. intended B. required C. assumed D. inferred 43. A. subtle B. obvious C. mysterious D. doubtful 44.A. maintained B. described C. settled D. afforded 49. A. develop B. produce C. stimulate D. induce ?
3形近词
Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.
They do not provide energy, 41 do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42 foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43 is missing a deficiency disease becomes 44.
Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements-usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45 nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47 one or more specific functions in the body. 48. enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49 vitamins. Many people,50, believe in being on the \extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body's vitamin needs.
42.A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 44.A. serious B. apparent C. severe D. fatal
49.A. exceptional B. exceeding C. excess D. external B阅A B1词义替换题
选文:
〖JZ〗〖WTHZ〗Text 4网络经济〖WTBZ〗? In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently as the Web proved to be more t han a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business?to?business sales make sense because business peop le typically know what product they're looking for.?
Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts abou t its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier,” says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private int ranet.?
Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology a vailable for marketing. Until recently, Internet
marketing activities have focused on strategies to “pull” customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting market ing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen
saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subs cribers' computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtu al Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages t o customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push te chnology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by speci fic request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the
distinction between the Web and television fades. That's prospect that horrifies Net purists.?
But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to pus h strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon. com, and o ther pioneers show that a Wet site selling the right kind of products with the r ight mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online custome rs. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 year s from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.?
1.〖ZK (〗We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business〖CD#4〗.? A.has been striving to expand its market ?B.intended to follow a fanciful fashion ?C.tried but in vain to control the market ?D.has been booming for one year or so 〖JZ〗〖WTHZ〗Text 5医学〖WTBZ〗?
It was 3∶45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern T erritory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the c onvincing
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vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the
Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive direct or of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's online s ervice, Death NET. Says Hofsess:“We posted bulletins all day long, because of c ourse this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history. ”? The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and pr actical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including chur ches, right?to?life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly at tacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn b ack, In Australia-where an aging population, life?extending technology and chan ging community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to co nsider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right?to?die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for th e dominoes to start falling.?
Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death-probabl y by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of se ven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54?year?old Darwin resident suffer ing from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on wi th living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from hi s breathing condition.“I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.?
1.〖ZK (〗From the second paragraph we learn that〖CD#4〗.
?A.the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries ?B.physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia
?C.changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the l aw ?D.it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage B2态度判断题
It was 3∶45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern T erritory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the c onvincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the
Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive direct or of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's online s ervice, Death NET. Says Hofsess:“We posted bulletins all day long, because of c ourse this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history. ”?