(T1?T2???T2010)?(S1?S2???S201011?2021055,(k??1)?)??2010?2011k?k2011
,(k?0,k??1)2?(1?k)?例29 已知函数f(x)?x?,f?(x)为函数f(x)的导函数.
24?(Ⅰ)若数列{an}满足:a1?1,an?1?f?(an)?f?(n)(n?N),求数列{an}的通项
2x?an;
(Ⅱ)若数列{bn}满足:b1?b,bn?1?2f(bn)(n?N).
1ⅰ.当b?时,数列{bn}是否为等差数列?若是,请求出数列{bn}的通项bn;若不是,
2请说明理由;
ⅱ.当
解:(Ⅰ)?f?(x)?2x??12n?b?1时, 求证:?i?11bi?22b?11.
1an?1222?2(n?1)?1?2(an?2n?1).
n?1, ?an?1?(2an?)?(2n?1)?2an?2n?1,即
?a1?1, ?数列{an?2n?1}是首项为4,公比为2的等比数列.?an?2n?1?4?2an?2?2n?1.
2n?1,即
(Ⅱ)(ⅰ)?bn?1?2f(bn)?2bn?bn?12,?bn?1?bn?2(bn?12).?当b1?212时,
b2?12.
假设bk?12,则bk?1?bk.由数学归纳法,得出数列{bn}为常数数列,是等差数列,其通项为
bn?12.
2(ⅱ)?bn?1?2bn?bn??当
12, ?bn?1?bn?2(bn?12).
1212.
212?b1?1时,b2?b1?1212.假设bk?12,则 bk?1?bk?由数学归纳法,得出数列bn?(n?1,2,3,?). 又?bn?1??2bn(bn?12),
?1bn?1?1bn?12?11bn?1212?11bn12,
n即
bn??bn?1?n??bi?11in?'?i?1(1bi?12?1bi?1?12)2bnbnSN?S2n?bn?1?12bn2n2bnSN?S.
例30 已知f0(x)?x,fk(x)?0212fk?1(x)fk?1(1)k,其中k?n(n,k?N?),
2n2设F(x)?Cnf0(x)?Cnf1(x)?...?Cnfk(x)?...?Cnfn(x),x???1,1?.
(I) 写出fk(1);(II) 证明:对任意的x1,x2???1,1?,恒有F(x1)?F(x2)?2【解析】(I)由已知推得fk(x)?(n?k?1)x(II) 证法1:当?1?x?1时F(x)?x2nn?kn?1(n?2)?n?1.
,从而有fk(1)?n?k?1
k2(n?k)?nCnx12(n?1)?(n?1)Cnx22(n?2)...?(n?k?1)Cnx?...?2Cnx?1
n?12当x>0时, F?(x)?0,所以F(x)在[0,1]上为增函数 因函数F(x)为偶函数所以F(x)在[-1,0]上为减函数
所以对任意的x1,x2???1,1?F(x1)?F(x2)?F(1)?F(0)
F(1)?F(0)?Cn?nCn?(n?1)Cn...?(n?k?1)Cn?...?2Cn?nCn?1n012kn?1?(n?1)Cn?kn?2n...?(n?k?1)Cn?kn?kn?...?2C?C1n0n
?(n?k?1)Cn?nCkn?1kn?(n?k)Cn12?Cnn?k
12n?10?C(k?1,2,3?n?1)k?1nn?1F(1)?F(0)?n(Cn?1?Cn?1...?Cn?1)?(Cn?Cn...?Cn)?Cn?n(2n?1
?1)?2?1?2(n?2)?n?1因此结论成立.
证法2: 当?1?x?1时, F(x)?x2n?nCnx12(n?1)?(n?1)Cnx22(n?2)...?(n?k?1)Cnxk2(n?k)?...?2Cnx?1
n?12当x>0时, F?(x)?0,所以F(x)在[0,1]上为增函数 因函数F(x)为偶函数所以F(x)在[-1,0]上为减函数
所以对任意的x1,x2???1,1?F(x1)?F(x2)?F(1)?F(0) F(1)?F(0)?Cn?nCn?(n?1)Cn...?(n?k?1)Cn?...?2Cn012kn?1
0又因F(1)?F(0)?2Cn?3Cn?...?kCn1212k?1?...?nCnk?1n?1?Cn
n?10所以2[F(1)?F(0)]?(n?2)[Cn?Cn?...?Cn?...?Cn]?2Cn
n?10F(1)?F(0)??n?22nn?22[Cn?Cn?...?Cnn?112k?1?...?Cn]?Cn
(2?2)?1?2(n?2)?n?1因此结论成立.
证法3: 当?1?x?1时, F(x)?x2n?nCnx12(n?1)?(n?1)Cnx22(n?2)...?(n?k?1)Cnxk2(n?k)?...?2Cnx?1
n?12当x>0时, F?(x)?0,所以F(x)在[0,1]上为增函数 因函数F(x)为偶函数所以F(x)在[-1,0]上为减函数
所以对任意的x1,x2???1,1?F(x1)?F(x2)?F(1)?F(0) F(1)?F(0)?nC1?n(?n n?Cn1?1)C2n...?2?(n?kk?n?1)kCn?...n??12Cx[(1?x)?xn]?x[Cnnx?Cnxn?...Cnx?..?Cnx?n1]由
1n2n?1kn?k?1n?12?Cnx?Cnx?...Cnx?..?Cnx?x对上式两边求导得 (1?x)?x?nx(1?x)2n2nnnn?1012kn?1?nx?nCnx2n?1n1n?1?(n?1)Cnxn?12n?2?...(n?k?1)Cnxkn?k?..?2Cnx?1n?1F(x)?(1?x)?nx(1?x)?F(1)?F(0)?2?n2因此结论成立.
n?1?nx2n
?n?1?(n?2)2?n?1