Senior High English Book 2
Unit 5 Rhythm Lesson 1 Adverbial Clause
Ⅰ. Preparations before class (课前准备) 【考纲解读】
纵观历届高考试题，状语从句一直是高考考查的热点语法项目之一。高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在对连词的选择以及时态的正确使用上。因此，弄清楚连词的意思，根据语境选用合适的连词，注意主从句时态的呼应是正确解题的关键。根据其用途,状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的谓语动词、副词、形容词或整个句子。可分为时间、原因、地点、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型。不同的状语从句使用不同的连接词,有时同一个连接词可连接不同的状语从句,表示不同的意义。 【考点】
1. 根据历年高考试题,将状语从句的考点作了全面的归纳,在九大类别中的考查热点在引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词上。出现频率较高让步状语从句和原因状语从句， 时间状语从句因为连接词容易出现在一些常用结构里也经常出现。
2. 状语从句中的时态、语态、语气， 3. 与其它从句、句型结合起来考查。 Ⅱ. Activities in Class (课堂活动) 1. Adverbial Clause (状语从句)
1). Definition (定义): 状语从句在复合句中作状语, 来说明一件事情发生的时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等。
2). Classification (分类): 时间、原因、地点、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型。
（一）时间状语从句表时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或 the moment), by the time, no sooner… than, hardly (scarcely)… when, every time等引导。 when / whenever ①. When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。 ②. We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。 备注：
when / while\\as ①. When he returned, his wife was cooking. ②. While he was reading, his wife was cooking. ③. As he was reading, he was listening to the radio.
备注：④. ⑤. ⑥. 备注：⑦
⑧. I was walking in the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.
⑨.My father was cooking while my mother was playing cards. 一…就 ①. As soon as I arrive at Chunhui, I’ll send you a SM. 备注：②. upon/ on+ arriving ③. Immediately +句子
④. The +时间名词(minute/moment ……)+句子 ⑤. hardly…when ⑥. no sooner…than
⑦. I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
=No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. before ①. It will be +一段时间+before从句(does) ②. It will not be +一段时间+before从句 ③. It was +一段时间+before从句(did)
④. It was not+一段时间+before从句(did) since ①. It is/ has been +一段时间＋since 从句(did)
It is 10 years since I smoked.(=I gave up smoking/dropped smoking)
Till\%until ①. We waited till (until) he came back. ②. She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock.
如主句动词是延续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止”;如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直到…才” 备注：Not until 句型 与强调句型结合
③. I didn’t go to sleep until he came back.
→ 与倒装句式结合
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（二）原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as, now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。
①. It was because his mother was badly ill that he was unhappy. ②. Since everyone knows it, I will not say anything. ③. The day breaks, for the birds are singing. 备注：④. ⑤. ⑥.
（三）地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。 ①. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
②. You are free to go wherever you like. 你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。 备注：
（四）目的状语从句引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。 ①. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
②. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. ③. He left early in case he should miss the train. ④. I raised my voice so that everyone could hear me. 备注：
（五）结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so … that, such … that等引导。 ①. I raised my voice, so that everyone heard me. ②. He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word.
③. She told us such an interesting story that we all forgot the time. 备注：
（六）条件状语从句条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only(=if). 注