Unit11
1.宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 ①由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语 构成 ②由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。
③由if , whether 引导,表示疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等) I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish.
④由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么？ ⑤从句时态要与主句一致
A当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。
I don’t know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他什么时候回？ B当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态 (一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Did you know when he would be back? 2. hand in 上交
3. make a telephone call 打电话 4. save money 省钱、存钱 5. ①问路常用的句子： Do you know where …is ?
Can you tell me how can I get to …?
Could you tell me how to get to …？
②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客气地询问事情
③Could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？中的how to get to the
park 是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：
I don’t know how to solve the problem. = I don’t know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题
Can you tell me when to leave?= Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开？ 6. 日常交际用语：
take the elevator / escalator to the … floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼 turn left / right === take a left / right 向左/ 右转 go past 经过 go straight 向前直走
7. next to 旁边、紧接着 如：Lily is next to Ann. 8. between … and… 在…和…之间
如: Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。
9. decide to do 决定做… She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。 decide v. decision n. make a decision 做个决定 10. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是闲荡的好地方？ 中的to hang out修饰前面名词place，不定式作定语.
如：There are something to eat. 这有吃的东西。中的to eat修饰代词something，作定语. 11. kind of +adj./ adv. 译为“有点、一点” 如： She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。 12. expensive 贵的 反义词 inexpensive 不贵的 13. crowded 拥挤的 反义词 uncrowded 不拥挤的 14. take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假 15. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成..
如：He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要打扮成圣诞老人。 16. on the beach 在海滩上 的介词用 on
17. politely adv. 有礼貌地 polite adj. 有礼貌的
18. depend on sth / doing / 从句 根据、依靠、依赖、决定于 Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。 We can’t depend on his answer. 我们不能根据他的回答。 That depends on how you did it. 那决定于你怎样做这件事。 19. prefer动词 更喜欢 宁愿 常用的结构有： prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。
prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。
prefer sth to sth. 同…相比更喜欢… I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。 prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。 20. on the other hand 另一方面
21.把…借给某人lend sb. sth. ＝ lend sth.to sb. 如：
Lily lent me her book. == Lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的书借给了我。 22. such as
23. I’m sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。 24. in a way 在某种程度说
25. in order to do 为了做… 表目的 如： He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。 26. 等级/同级比较：as…as ， not as/so…as ①as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as 表示“和…一样的…”“…和…一样的…”
如： He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。 ②否定式：not as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as
== not so + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as
He doesn’t work as / so hard as we. 他工作没有我们那样努力。