Prof. Gershuny said, “The man in the kitchen is part of a much wider social trend. There has been 40 years of sexual equality, but there is another 40 years probably to come.”
Women, who a generation ago spent nearly two hours a day cooking, now spend just one hour and seven minutes—a great fall, but they still spend far more time in the kitchen than men.
Some experts have named these men in aprons as “Gastrosexuals (men using cooking skills to impress friends)”, who have been inspired to pick up a kitchen knife by the success of Ramsay, Oliver as well as other male celebrity chefs such as Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, Marco Pierre White and Keith Floyd.
“I was married in 1974. When my father came to visit me a few weeks later, I was wearing an apron when I opened the door. He laughed,” said Prof. Gershuny. “That would never happen now.”
Two-thirds of adults say that they come together to share at least three times a week, even if it is not necessarily around a kitchen or dining room table. Prof. Gershuny pointed out that the family meal was now rarely eaten by all of its members around a table—with many “family meals” in fact taken on the sofa in the sitting room, and shared by family members. “The family meal has changed a lot, and few of us eat—as I did when I was a child—at least two meals a day together as a family. But it has survived in a different format.”
63. What is one reason behind the trend that men spend more time cooking than before? A. The improvement of cooks’ status. B. The influence of popular female chefs. C. The change of female’s view on cooking.
D. The development of sexual equality campaign.
64. What does the author think about the time men and women spend on cooking? A. Men spend more time cooking than women nowadays. B. Women spend much less time on cooking than before.
C. It will take 40 years before men spend more time at the stove than women.
D. There is a sharp decline in the time men spend on cooking compared with 1961. 65. How did Prof. Gershuny see the family meal according to the passage? A. It has become a thing of the past.
B. It is very different from what it used to be. C. It shouldn’t be advocated in modern times. D. It is beneficial to the stability of the family. 66. Which is the best title for the passage? A. The Changes of Family Meals B. Equality between Men and Women C. Cooking into a New Trend for Men D. Cooking—a Thing of the Past for Women
D
Teaching is more than leadership. Some of the teacher’s time and effort is directed toward instruction, some toward evaluation. But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure (结构) and good working environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place. A group that is totally disorganized, unclear about its goals, or constantly fighting among its members will not be a good learning group. The leadership pattern includes helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment so that instruction and
evaluation activities can take place.
On the first day of class, the teacher faces a room filled with individuals (个体). Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist. But there is no sense of group unity, no set of rules for conduct in the group, no feeling of belonging. If teachers are successful leaders, they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages working together.
Standards and rules must be set to keep order, make sure of justice and protect individual rights, but do not contradict school policy. What happens when one student hurts another’s individual rights? Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers, the classroom can become chaotic. Students may break rules they did not know existed. If standards are set without participation from the class, students may spend a great deal of creative energy in destroying the class environment or finding ways to break rules.
No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and creating a positive atmosphere, the task is never complete. Regular maintenance is necessary. Conflicts arise. The needs of individual members change. A new kind of learning task requires a new organizational structure. Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays, upcoming tests or sport competitions, or family troubles cause stress in the classroom. One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict, change, and stress.
67. The underlined word “maintain” in Para.1 probably means_______. A. conserve B. build C. recreate D. evaluate 68. According to the author, the teacher should _______. A. free students from outside pressures B. set the standards and rules on his own C. be responsible for a well-organized class D. focus more on instruction and evaluation 69. From the passage we can learn that ______. A. rules cannot be changed once they’re formed
B. outside pressures may not cause tension among students
C. if the teacher well unites his students, he then will finish his task
D. if rules are not acceptable both to students and teachers, the classroom can be a mess 70. What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage? A. To provide information for teaching.
B. To show the importance of teaching a class.
C. To study the teacher’s behavior in the classroom.
D. To compare the teacher’s behavior with the students’ in class.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Do We Forget Things?
When it comes to having perfect memories, it is apparent that we humans must have had some faults in our blueprints（蓝图）! Why don’t we remember everything that we want to remember? It makes us feel upset and get discouraged. 71 However, it’s true that we are all
forgetful.
72 These are stored in what we call our “long-term memory”. What about before age three? Sigmund Freud, a doctor of Vienna, discovered the fact that we forget most of our early childhood. 73 They have different opinions. A very good theory, born from the results of experimentation with babies, is that absence of language ability at the time of an event stopped us from describing it to others.
74 Experts say that you can keep about seven things in your memory at once for up to three days. During that time, you may forget something in order to put something else in its place, or you put it into long-term memory. What goes into short-term memory are things you’ve learned about recently, in the past day or two. 75 For example, you may have met your favorite star last week, and this week you can tell all the details to a friend. A simple example to explain your short-term memory is to look at a list of twenty words for a minute or two. You will discover that you cannot remember more than about seven of them and that they are the ones in the beginning and at the end of the list because your mind has judged them to be more important than those in the middle.
A. Scientists now know that it may take longer to remember things for the old. B. However, it is widely recognized that short-term memory can be improved. C. Sometimes, it even causes us to lose self-respect or others to think less of us.
D. Psychologists have been studying what causes this forgetfulness since Freud’s time. E. Most of us have vivid memories of our lives from about age three to our present ages.
F. Only if something really unusual happens does it stay in your short-term memory for longer. G. The other type of memory, the “short-term memory”, is what we are usually referring to when we say, “I forgot.”
第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节 （15分）
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，寒假期间你将参加学校组织的赴美国一所中学的进行短期交流活动。活动期间，你将住在美国中学生Eric家。临行前，请根据以下信息给Eric写一封电子邮件，简单介绍自己的基本情况。
注意：1. 词数不少于50。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 邮件的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。
姓名：李华 性别：男
年龄：18岁 学校：北京红星中学
性格：活泼，健谈 爱好：看英文小说，绘画，打篮球
Dear Eric,
I’m very happy to hear that I’ll stay with you while I’m in America. Thank you for being my host.
____________________________________________________________________________.
Looking forward to seeing you!
Best regards, Li Hua
第二节 （20分）
假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇日记，记述你周日在小区里扫雪的过程。
注意：1. 日记的开头已经为你写好； 2. 词数不少于60。
Sunday, January 12 Snowy
This morning, _____________________________________________________________.
北京市朝阳区2013—2014学年高三年级第一学期期末练习
英语参考答案 2014.1
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
1—5 BACBC
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
6—10 ABACC 11—15 AABCB
第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
每小题1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣0.5分；如每小题超过一个词不计分。
16．Willa 17．Green 18．86623094 19．flat 20．8/eight
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
21—25 AABAD 26—30 CCDBD 31—35 BBACD 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
36—40 BDCAC 41—45 BDAAC 46—50 DBCDA 51—55 ACBDB
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
56—60 AACBD 61—65 ADDBB 66—70 CACDA 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
71—75 CEDGF
三、One possible version:
Dear Eric,
I’m very happy to hear that I’ll stay with you while I’m in America. Thank you for being my host.
My name is Li Hua, a boy of eighteen, presently attending Beijing Hongxing Middle School. I’m active and outgoing. I enjoy talking with new people. In my spare time, I like reading English novels and drawing pictures. What’s more, I’m crazy about the NBA and I often play basketball after school with my friends.
Now I’m very excited about visiting America and meeting you because I love to learn and experience new things. I think it’s going to be great!
Looking forward to seeing you!