冠词
一．冠词的种类
冠词用于名词之前，是说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词，不能离开名词单独存在。冠词有不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三种形式。
不定冠词包括a和an，用于单数可数名词前，表示泛指，说明名词的名称和种类，意思是“一”。a和an的意义和作用是一样的，但用法不同，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音因素开头的单词前。
定冠词只有the，用于各类名词前，表示特指，意思是“这”或“那”。 零冠词是指不用冠词，表示名词的特指或泛指。
冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 表示“每一”相当于every，one 表示“相同”相当于the same 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 用于固定词组中 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 A plane is a machine that can fly. A boy is waiting for you. We study eight hours a day. We are nearly of an age. A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time This room is rather a big one. She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. II. 定冠词的用法： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 表示某一类人或物 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 用于乐器前面 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 用于表示单位的名词前 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前 The horse is a useful animal. the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean Would you mind opening the door? play the violin, play the guitar the reach, the living, the wounded the Greens, the Wangs He is the taller of the two children. the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French The compass was invented in China. in the 1990’s I hired the car by the hour. He patted me on the shoulder. III. 零冠词的用法： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? March, Sunday, National Day, spring Lincoln was made President of America. He likes playing football/chess. by train, by air, by land husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night Horses are useful animals. 8 表示泛指的复数名词前 练习
一．在下列各词前填上a或an。
1. ___________ tree 2.__________cat 3.________pupil 4._______picture 5.____________bee 6._________rabbit 7.__________apple 8.________arm 9._________kitchen 10._________dog 11._________orange 二．在横线上填上a或an，不需要填的地方画“/”。
1. _________ink bottle 2.__________orange bag 3.__________English boy 4._________red coat 5.___________nice milk 6.__________art lesson 7._________old man 8.__________cold water 9.__________big apple 10._________small glass 11.________beautiful girl 12._________long river 三．按需填入the，不需要的地方画“/”。
1.What colour is _________ your dress?--It’s white.
2.This is __________Jack’s pen.That is __________my pen. 3.--Is ________ ice cold?--Yes,it is.
4.They are _______ pupils of ________this school.They are in _________ Class one. 5.It’s a fine day.We can see _______sun in the sky. 6.There is an orange on_________ table.
7.We go to ________ school in _________ morning.
8.This is _________ Huangpu Park .It’s near __________Huangpu River. 9.We like sports.We like playing __________ football best.
10.They go to ___________Summer Palace on _________Sundays. 四．改错题。
1.Look at a moon. __________ 2.My uncle has an sheep. _________ 3.She went to the Naning last year. _________ 4.There are sixty minutes in a hour. _________ 5.Here is an useful book. __________ 6.There is cloud in the sky. __________ 7.My mother bought a umbrella for me. _________ 8.The bus is a English bus. _________ 9.What’s in box? ________ 10.Would you play violin for us? _________
五．选择填空。
( )1.This is _______ map of ________ world.
A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a
( )2.Jim is __________ old friend of my mother’s and _________headmaster of our school. A.an;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a ( )3.________ Whites are watching TV at home.
A.A B.An C./ D.The
( )4.Tom’s mother is ________ teacher.She’s ________ French teacher. A.the/the B.an/a C.a;a D.a;the
( )5.__________ book on the top of the shelf is mine.
A.The B.A C.An D./ ( )6.Tokyo is ________ capital of _______ Japan.
A.the;/ B.the;an C.a;a D.a;the ( )7.________ horse is _______ useful animal.
A.A;a B.A;the C.The;a D.The;the ( )8.________ fifth month of _______ year is May.
A.A;the B.The;/ C.The;the D.A;a
( )9.I don’t like _______rain.Look,there’s _______heavy rain outside. A.a;a B./;the C.the;the D./;/
( )10.Our classroom is on________second floor.Let’s go into_________ classroom. A.a;the B.a;a C.the;the D.the;a
六．读下列短文，在需要冠词的地方填上冠词，在不需要冠词的地方画上“、”。
1.Liu Xiang was born on _________ July13,1983,in _____city of Shanghai.He is 188cm tall. Singing and playing computer are his ______hobbies.He won many _______gold medals(金牌）.He is ________ superstar.
2.Hello!I am _______ Huanhuan.I am ______child of fire,symbolizing(象征)_________Olympic flame. I am ______ big brother of Fuwa. I stands for (代表）________ red Olympic ring. I am good at ________ ball games.
七．单项选择。
1. There is _____ apple on the desk.
a. a a. a a. a a. a
b .the b .the
c. an c .an c. an c .an
d./ d./ d./ d./
2. The girl under ____ tree is my sister. 3. Mary is from _____USA
b. the b .the
4. He met _____ friend of his on the road. 5. Mr. Black will go back to England______. a .by air
a. /， / a. a， a
b .by a plane b. /， the b. a， the
c. by trains d. at a train c .the， / d. the， the c. the，an d .an. the
c. in a hospital d. at a hospital
6. Yesterday i went to ______ work on ______ foot.
7. There is _____“h” in the word “hour”， but______ “h” doesn’t make a sound. 8. I’m going to see my mother. she is ill ____. a. in hospital
b. in the hospital
9. we have three meals ____day. we have breakfast at 6：30 in ____morning every day.
a. the，the，the
b. the，/，the c. a， /， the d .a，the，the
10.—this is______ film I’ve told you about several times. —it’s great. I’ve never seen ___ more moving one.
a. a，a
b. the，the
c. the，a d. a，the
11.—Tina，could you please play______ piano for me while I’m singing？ —with pleasure. a .a a .a
b. an b. the
c. the d. / c. an d. /
12. I want to try again. please give me______ third chance again. 13. —what’s the matter with you？
—I caught______ bad cold and had to stay in______ bed.
a. a; / a. a
b. a; the b. an
c. a; a c. the
d. the; the d. /
d. great a fun
14.______ sun is shining brightly. 15. swimming is______ in summer. a. a great fun
b. great fun c. great funs