主谓一致和数词
编制人：张月华
考点一 数词的基本用法
数词的分类
1.基数词：one，two，thirteen，fifty，one hundred，two thousand，ten million
2.序数词：first，second，fourth，ninth，twelfth，fortieth， Ninetieth
3.分数：one third，two thirds，two fifths，three quarters
4.百分数：ten percent，forty percent,倍数：twice，double， three times 5.数量词
修饰可数名词：quite a few，many，a great/good many，a(large/great)number of，scores of，dozens of， more than one/many a＋单数可数名词
修饰不可数名词：quite a little，much，a great/good deal of，a large/great amount of
既修饰可数名词又修饰不可数名词：some，a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a large quantity of，(large) quantities of
It is reported that the floods have left about two thousand people homeless.(浙江高考) 据报道洪灾使大约两千人无家可归。
She went to the bookstore and bought dozens of books.(北京高考) 她去书店买了许多书。
2．“数词＋普通名词＋形容词”构成的合成形容词中，数词和普通名词都要用单数形式。 a three-year- old boy一个三岁的男孩 a two-mile- long walk一段两公里的路程
3．基数词中表示“几十”的复数形式可以表达人的岁数或年代。 He is in his late twenties.他快30了。
The old lady died in her early seventies beside a church in New York. 那位老太太70来岁时就死在了纽约的一个教堂附近。 考题印证
1．(2010·上海高考)It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was ________ journey.
A．three hour B．a three-hours C．a three-hour
D．three hours
解析：考查复合形容词。句意：去游乐园花了我们很长一段时间，是一段3个小时的路程。一段3个小时的路程有两种表达方式：a three-hour journey；three hours' journey。答案： C
2．(2011·海淀区调研)More than five ________ doctors and rescuers had got to Yushu County by that time. A．thousand C．thousand of
B．thousands D．thousands of
解析：考查数词。hundred，thousand，million等数词前用数词来修饰时，用单数，且修饰名词时后不跟介词of，故选A。
考点二 主谓一致 1.就近一致原则。
(1)由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。
Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.(2009·湖南高考)要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
Are neither you nor I fit for the work? 你和我都不适合这份工作吗？
注意“with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/as well as/no more
than/besides/rather than＋名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍与前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。
Henry，rather than Jane and John，is responsible for the loss.
损失的责任应由亨利而不是由简和约翰来承担。
(2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pencil and two pens in the pencilbox. 文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。 2．意义一致原则。 (1)谓语动词用单数的情况
①由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家来自武汉。
②“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语。 Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。 ③非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Persuading him to join us seems really hard. 劝他加入我们看起来确实难。
To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一个好的习惯。 Whatever was left was taken away. 无论剩下了什么都被拿走了。 ③非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Persuading him to join us seems really hard. 劝他加入我们看起来确实难。
To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一个好的习惯。 Whatever was left was taken away. 无论剩下了什么都被拿走了。
[注意] what引导的主语从句，谓语动词一般用单数形式，若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。
What they need are books.他们需要的是书。 (2)谓语动词用复数的情况
①由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out. 面包和黄油都卖完了。
②people，police，cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。 People read for pleasure during their spare time. 人们闲暇之余的阅读是为了消遣。
课本经典原句填空：
Leaving the moon’s gravity_______ not as painful as leaving the earth’s. (be) Returning to the earth_____ very frightening.(be)
What happened to the amber room______ a mystery.(remain)
4. Watching a family of chimp wake up_______ our first activity of the day. (be)
5. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also ________very little to him. (mean) 6.Just dreaming for things, however, __________nothing.(cost) 7.Do you know that there is more than one _______of English?(kind)
链接高考
1．(2010·四川高考)Such poets as Shakespeare ________
widely read，of whose works，however，some ________ difficult to understand. A．are；are C．are；is
2．(2010·湖南高考)Listening to loud music at rock
B．is；is
D．is；are
concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A．is
B．are C．has
D．have
3. (09山东25)
The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 4. (09陕西7)
Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ________ visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 5. (09江西24)
According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _________ a woman. A. than B. such C. so D. as 6.(09四川17)
The teacher together with the students ___________ discussing Reading Skills that _______ newly published in America. A. are; were 7.(09四川19)
My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _______ expensive. A. as
B. so
C. too
D. very
B. is; were
C. are; was
D. is; was
8. (09辽宁33)
Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost _______ his.
A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as。
9. (09湖南33)
Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are B. is
C. have D. be
10.【2011安徽卷）27】The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.