上海市各区2018届高三英语二模试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking‘s third academic book for the Press,
Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.
Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a
brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.
At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on
the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.
One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted
to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.
A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place
it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book‘s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.
56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?
A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity. B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.
C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe. D. Revising a book based on a new theory.
57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?
A. Financial returns. C. Publishing houses.
B. Other competitors. D. His family‘s life insurance.
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上海市各区2018届高三英语二模试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
58. The underlined word ―thumbed‖ is closest in meaning to _______.
A. praised
B. typed
C. confirmed
D. browsed
59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in _______.
(B)
Conventional wisdom may tell you that a master‘s degree from Harvard Business School in the US is the key to a Fortune 500 job, while the same degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, US, means a possible career on Wall Street.
It seems that the graduate school you go to somewhat decides your future. And a recent New York Times article reveals the correlation between MBA（Master of Business Administration）graduates at certain US schools and career prospects. To work at Amazon Ross School of Business（University of Michigan）
Amazon regularly hires more MBAs from top 10 business schools than big Wall Street firms. And a large chunk of American‘s employees are from Ross. Graduate Peter Faricy, vice president of Amazon Marketplace, says the reason behind this is that Ross‘s curriculum-related offerings, a problem-solving course for instance, are particularly well suited to Amazon.
To work at McKinsey&Company Kellogg School of Management（Northwestern）
For an MBA, landing a job at Mckinsey is like trying to get into a competitive business school over again. However, Kellogg graduates perform well in the fierce competition. The school‘s MBAs are in demand at elite consulting firms, which hired 35 percent of Kellogg graduates last year, a higher percentage than at Harvard（23 percent）and Stanford（16 percent）.
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A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific world B. keeping up the living standard of his family
C. making popular science available to the general public D. creating the rocketing sales of a technical book
上海市各区2018届高三英语二模试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
To work at Apple Fuqua School of Business（Duke）
Silicon Valley hasn‘t always welcomed MBAs. However, two of Apple‘s top 10 executives come from Fuqua. Apple has hired 32 Fuqua graduates over the pass five years, and provided 42 internships for Duke students.
To start your own company Harvard Business School
The extensive resources Harvard has devoted to its entrepreneurial offerings in recent years are starting to show real results. By many accounts, it has surpassed Stanford as the top entrepreneurial hot-bed in the US.
60. Which university offers students a course on various approaches to difficulties at work? A. Kellogg School of Management. C. Harvard Business School.
B. Ross School of Business. D. Fuqua School of Business.
61. According to the passage, which of the following is true? A. Consulting companies favor MBA students from Kellogg. B. Stanford produces the greatest number of business leaders. C. To work at Apple, MBA graduates have an advantage. D. Wall Street employs more MBAs from top 10 than Amazon.
62. If you want to work in the area of hi-tech electronic products, you may choose to study in _____.
A. Wharton School
(C)
―Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,”George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. ―They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.‖
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B. Kellogg School of Management D. Fuqua School of Business
C. Ross School of Business
上海市各区2018届高三英语二模试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark‘s expedition and a Mars mission. First, they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today‘s standards. A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.
Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.
Present system for getting from Earth‘s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs --- or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck（敬畏的）staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.
It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars, discovery of more than 100 planets outside our solar system, and study of the soil of Mars. All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush‘s proposal, which calls for“reprogramming”some of NASA‘s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science --- the one aspect of space exploration that‘s working really well.
Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion（推进力）? If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably, and advanced propulsion could speed up that long, slow transit to Mars, the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality. Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.
63. What do Lewis and Clark‘s expedition and a Mars mission have in common? A. Instant value.
B. Human inhabitance.
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上海市各区2018届高三英语二模试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
C. Venture cost. D. Exploring spirit.
64. Bush‘s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that ______. A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.
B. American people‘s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implemented C. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in America D. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment 65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?
A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.
B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program. C. Bush‘s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space exploration. D. The achievements in place exploration show how well unmanned science has developed. 66. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps to retain America‘s position as a technological leader. B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America. C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.
D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the scientists once there won‘t make great discoveries. Keys:
56-59 CADC60-62 BAD63-66 DCBC
Four【20182长宁区】 Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS
Human Animal News Ancient World Space/Tech Culture Warning from Experts
A growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites---- is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as
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