四川理工学院毕业设计
9万吨/年合成氨合成工段工艺设计
学 生:李 生 财
学 号:07031010210
专 业:化学工程与工艺
班 级: 07级2班
指导教师:毛 润 琦
四川理工学院材料与化学工程学院
2011年06月
四川理工学院毕业设计 摘要
摘 要
氨是最为重要的基础化工产品之一,其产量居各种化工产品的首位。氨主要用于农业,合成氨是氮肥工业的基础。氨的合成主要有脱硫、转化、净化、合成几个工段。合成氨合成工段的设计,原料采用氮气和氢气,以合成塔为主要设备,在氨冷器、水冷器、气—气交换器、循环机、分离器、冷凝塔等辅助设备的作用下制得液氨,工艺条件为: A201为催化剂, 480℃,31Mpa。本设计进行了物料衡算,热量衡算,设备选型计算。 关键词:合成 工艺参数 衡算 设备计算
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四川理工学院毕业设计 摘要
ABSTR
Ammonia is one of the most important basic chemical products in the world,Its output of various kinds of chemicals rank first in the world. Ammonia mainly used in agriculture and synthetic ammonia is the basis of nitrogen fertilizer industry. Ammonia synthesis is mainly from the four sections of desulphurization, conversion, decontamination, and synthesis. With using nitrogen and hydrogen as materials and synthesis converter as main equipment, under the action of the auxiliary equipments of ammonia air conditioning, water-cooling device, gas to gas exchanger, circulator, separator, and condenser and so on, in the end, the design of the ammonia synthesis section makes ammoniacalliquor, The process conditions are determined as following:A201 as catalyst, 480℃,31Mpa .The design is be designed to material balance, heat balance and calculation of Devices type.
KEY WORDS: synthesis process parameter balance calculation of Devices
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四川理工学院毕业设计 目录
目 录
第一部分 绪论 ........................................................... 2
1.1氨的性质及其在化工生产中的地位 ................................................................................ 1 1.2合成氨的发展历程 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.3技术规格.......................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
1.3.1原材料技术规格 ................................................. 2 1.3.2产品技术规格 ................................................... 2 1.3.3危险性物料主要物性表 ........................................... 3 1.4合成原理............................................................................................................................ 3 1.5工艺条件............................................................................................................................ 4 1.6工艺流程............................................................................................................................ 4
1.6.1工艺流程图 ..................................................... 4 1.6.2流程简述 ....................................................... 5 1.6.3工艺特点 ....................................................... 5
第二部分 工艺设计计算 ............................................... 7
2.1计算依据............................................................................................................................ 7 2.2物料衡算.......................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
2.2.1合成塔进入塔气气量计算 ......................................... 7 2.2.2氨分离器气液平衡计算 ........................................... 8 2.2.3冷交换器气液平衡计算 .......................................... 10 2.2.4液氨储槽气液平衡计算 .......................................... 11 2.2.5液氨贮槽物料计算 .............................................. 13 2.2.6合成系统物料计算 .............................................. 14 2.2.7合成塔内物料计算 .............................................. 16 2.2.8水冷器物料计算 ................................................ 16 2.2.9氨分离器物料计算 .............................................. 17 2.2.10冷交换器物料计算 ............................................. 17 2.2.11氨冷器物料计算 ............................................... 18 2.2.12冷分离器物料计算 ............................................. 20 2.2.13液氨储槽物料计算 ............................................. 21 2.2.14物料衡算结果汇总 ............................................. 23 2.3热量衡算.......................................................................................................................... 26
2.3.1冷交换器热量计算 .............................................. 26 2.3.2氨冷器热量计算 ................................................ 20 2.3.3循环机热量计算 ................................................ 30 2.3.4合成塔热量计算 ................................................ 31 2.3.5废热锅炉热量计算 .............................................. 33 2.3.6热交换器热量计算 .............................................. 34 2.3.7水冷器热量计算 ................................................ 35 2.3.8氨分离器热量计算 .............................................. 36
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四川理工学院毕业设计 目录
2.3.9中置锅炉产生蒸汽量的计算 ...................................... 37 2.3.10合成系统温度计算示意图 ....................................... 38
第三部分 设备设计及选型校核 ........................................ 39
3.1 主要设备选型计算 ................................................ 39
3.1.1 废热锅炉设备工艺计算 .......................................... 39 3.2.1冷交换器设备工艺设计及校核 .................................... 42
4.1 主要设备选型汇总表 .................................................. 55
设计综述 ................................................................. 56 参考文献 ................................................................. 57
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