起强调作用，修辞手法。
一、类型：1. 半倒装：一般疑问句语序； 2. 全倒装：主谓对调（初中There be句型） 3. 特殊倒装(as —连词用法不用倒装/“虽然”要倒装)
二、半倒装句式
1. 否定词/短语/句型位于句首，必须进行半倒装。
1）常见否定词：no, not, little, few, never, seldom, hardly(初中=rarely), nothing, nobody, none,
neither; nowhere, scarcely/ barely/ rarely(高中) （作文写作，高中要求有复杂句式） 记叙文建议使用句式： （人/事，最后要进行总结） 写人：I will never forget the time that I spent with him/ her. → Never will I forget …
记事：I will never forget this unforgettable experience. → Never will … 2）否定短语：（短语本身表示否定含义） in no way by no means 五个“绝不” on no account under no circumstances in no conditions eg. By no means can students use cellphone in the class. in no time 立刻 2. 否定句型
1）a. “一…就…” no sooner … than … hardly … when … (一般用于过去时语境中) 一…(过完) 就…(一过) eg. 小明一打开电脑，他妈妈就关掉电源。 Xiao Ming had hardly turned on the computer when his mother turned off the power. →倒装(所在半句，后面不倒装) Hardly had Xiao Ming turned on … b. “一…就…” as soon as on/ upon the moment/ minute(连词用法) 一般现在时 eg. On arrival at the park, … On arriving at the park, … On hearing,
2）not only … but also … ① 主谓一致（就近原则） ② also可省略 ③ not only … but … as well ④ 如将ont only放于句首，要倒装。 eg. He is not only our teacher, but also our friend. → Not only is he our teacher … 3）not until （初中分开，高中不分开） eg. He didn’t do his homework until his father came home. (倒装主句，即否定词所在半句)
→ Not only his father came home did he do his homework. 3. so
1）so+动词+主语 ① “……也……” 注：区分so+主语+动词 “……确实” eg. -- Lily studies hard. -- So she does, and so do you. ② -- He is tall and he plays basketball well. (前句出现两个不同类型的谓语动词) -- It is the same with Tom. ③ so用于前句是肯定句； neither/ nor用于前句是否定句。
2）so … that … (结果状语从句) 把so部分提至句首，半倒装 (区分so that +目的状语从句) eg. He studies so hard that all the teachers like him. → So hard does he study that all … such … that … eg. He is such a hardworking boy that … → Such a hardworking boy is he that … 4. if引导的虚拟语气（会涉及到时间场景引导的从句） （初中，虚拟现在） 现在 过去 if从句 did/ were (考试中。口语里可用was。) had done ① should do ② were to do ③ did/ were（不太常用） 主句 could/ should/ would/ might+do could/ should/ would/ might+have done (虚拟/过去推测—情态动词+have done) could/ should/ would/ might+do (同现在) 将来 如果从句中出现were/助动词had/ should可以倒装。 如倒装形式：将if删掉，were/ had/ should提句首。 eg. If I were you, …. → Were I you, ….
If I had studied hard, I would have entered a better university. → Had I studied hard, I …. If I should do the work, I would do it better. → Should I do the work, I …
三、全倒装
方位词位于句首，全倒装。 初中：There be句型 高中：（作文时）The rain poured down. → Down poured the rain. The boy runs out. → Out runs the boy. He runs out. → Out he runs. (注：主语是名词时，要倒装；主语是代词，不倒装。)
四、特殊倒装 as “虽然”
规则1：将表语提到句首（如表语有冠词，删掉）（adj./ n./ prep.可作表语） 即：表语+as+主语+谓语
eg. Though he is young, he knows a lot. → Young as he is, he … Though he is a boy, he acts like a girl. → Boy as he is, he … 规则2：V原+as+主语+助动词/情态动词
eg. Though he lost his money, he was happy. → Lose his money as he did, he was happy. Though he studied hard, he failed. → Study hard as he did, he failed. (主谓) as 必须倒装
“虽然” although不可以倒装 （as可以换成though）
though可倒装
规则3： 分词（现分/过分）+as+主+谓
eg. Though it is raining outside, I’m going out. → Raining at it is, I’m going out. Though he was beaten, … → Beaten as he was, …. 规则4：副词+as+主+谓
eg. Hard as he studies, he ….