中学生英语
学习常见错误一览表
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中学生英语学习常见错误一览表
A a 与 an
［误］ I think it is an useful English dictionary.? ［正］ I think it is a useful English dictionary.?
［析］ 在不定冠词 a 与 an 的用法中要注意的一点是：an 用在以元音开头的词之前；而 a 则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以 u 字母打头的单词，如 useful,university 等，其第一个音标是［j］，所以要特别予以注意。? ［误］ I need a hour to finish this letter.? ［正］ I need an hour to finish this letter.?
［析］ 要注意 hour 和 honest 的第一个字母不发音。?
［误］ My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.? ［正］ My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man.? ［析］ 要注意以 u 打头的单词，它的发音为［?］时，单数名词前要用 an，如 uncle 等。 ［误］ There is a“f”in the word“football”.? ［正］ There is an“f”in the word“football”.? ［析］ 英文字母单独使用时，如其第一个发音是元音时，其前面的不定冠词应该用 an 而不是 a.?
［误］ I have a little brother. He is a 8 year old boy.? ［正］ I have a little brother. He is an 8 year old boy.?
［析］ 要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音，如 eight, eleven 等。
abl与can
［误］ This bike is able to be repaired. ［正］ This bike can be repaired.?
［析］ be able to 主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事，应译为“有本领”、“有能力”、“可以”作某事，如：I'm able to swim across this river. 而 can 可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如：This radio can be repaired here.
about
［误］ This class is about to begin just now.? ［正］ This class is about to begin.?
［析］ 要注意 be about to 是“将要”的意思，含有将来时之意，不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外，be about to 一般用作书面语，对应的口语是 be going to.
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about, on
about 与 on 都可以作\关于\讲，但却有所不同，例如：This book is about physics. 应译为“这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。”而：This book is on physics. 则应译为“这是一本物理学方面的专著。”
above
［误］ The temperature is five degrees over zero. ［正］ The temperature is five degrees above zero.
［析］ 表达“在……上方”时，above 与 over 是可以互换的，如：The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用 above 不可用 over，如：The sun has risen above the horizon.
［误］ There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer. ［正］ There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer. ［析］ 当表达覆盖之意时，只可用 over 而不能用 above. ［误］ There is a bridge above the river. ［正］ There is a bridge over the river. ［析］ 用来表达“从……上方越过”时不能用 above 只能用 over，如：The plane flew over the city. 但要注意 There is waterfall above the bridge. 则应译为“在桥的上游有一个瀑布。”
across
［误］ He ran across the wood. ［正］ He ran through the wood.
［析］ across 是指某一动作在一平面内进行，而 through 则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如：The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.
across
across 的主要用法有两个。其一，意为“对面”，如：There is a school just across the street. 其二，意为“横过”，如：He walked across the street.
afraid
［误］ I dont't afraid of him. ［正］ I am not afraid of him.
［析］ 要注意“害怕”afraid 一词在英语中不是动词，而是形容词，要与 be 动词连用。
after
［误］ Two weeks after he left. ［正］ Two weeks later he left.
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［正］ He left after two weeks.
［析］ 要表达“在多少时间之后”，英语中有两种表达法，即：用 later 时，要时间在前，如 three hours later; 而用 after 时要时间在后，如 after three hours。 ［误］ My father will be back after a few hours. ［正］ My father will be back in a few hours.
［析］ 受中文的影响，这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时，一定要用 in，而不能用 after，因为 after 是指在某一时间之后。例如：This work will be done in two days. 即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了 after，即表示在两天之后，完成的时间是不确定的。
after, behind
after 多用于表示顺序的前后，如：She walked in the line after Tom. 或用来表示“追赶”，表示一种动态，如：He ran after Mary. 而 behind 多用于强调先进与落后，如：She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表达“迟于”，如：The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者与表示静态的动词连用，如：She hid herself behind the flowers.
afternoon
［误］ He worked very hard in a hot afternoon. ［正］ He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.
［析］ 习惯用的词组 in the afternoon, 如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词 in 都要改为 on，不论其修饰词在前还是在后，如：He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如：Are you free on Sunday afternoon?
against
［误］ He against me. ［正］ He is against me.
［析］ 要注意 against 意为“反对”，但它在英文中却不是动词，而是介词，如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词 be, 如：He is against somebody/something.
against for
against 意为“反对”、“不赞成”；而 for 则意为“同意”，为其反意词。如：Are you for or ??against the plan?
age
［误］ He is twenty years old of age. ［正］ He is twenty.
［正］ He is twenty years old. ［正］ He is at the age of twenty.
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ago
［误］ Tom's father has been dead five years ago. ［正］ Tom's father died five years ago.
［析］ ago 意为由说话时算起，若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用，而不要与完成时连用。
［误］ Yesterday I met a friend. We didn't see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.
［正］ Yesterday I met a friend. We hadn't seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.
［析］ 要注意的是在本句是 ago 是用在由 since 引起的从句之中，只是从句应用过去时，但不影响主句的时态。
agree
［误］ Does the teacher agree to us?? ［正］ Does the teacher agree with us?? ［误］ Does he agree with our plan?? ［正］ Does he agree with us??
［析］ agree with 指“同意某人的提议、建议、计划”等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用 agree to, 如：Do you agree to the plan?
all
［误］ The old man has two sons. All of them are workers. ［正］ The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers.
［析］ all 是指三者或以上的全部，而 both 则是指“两者都”。? ［误］ The all children are playing football now. ［正］ All the children are playing football now.
［析］ all 作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前，不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词，或代词的所有格。? ［误］ You all are right. ［正］ You are all right. ［析］ all 作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后，实意动词之前，如：The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助动词之后，如：The boys have all been waiting for their mothers.
almost
［误］ Nearly nobody thinks he is right. ［正］ Almost nobody thinks he is right.
［析］ nearly 与 almost 是近意词，其含意差别不大，但是与否定词连用时要用 almost, 例如：She brought almost no money with her. 此句中的 almost 不能用 nearly 替换。
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