太阳能热水器水位报警器毕业设计

2019-02-20 23:46

毕 业 设 计(论 文)

论文题目: 太阳能热水器水位报警器

所属系部:电子工程系

指导教师 职 称:

学生姓名: 学 号:

专 业:

毕业设计(论文)任务书

题目: 太阳热水器水位报警器设计

任务与要求:

任务:太阳能热水器一般都设在室外房屋的高处,热水器的水位在使用时不易观察。使用

水位报警器后,则可实现水箱中缺水或水过多时自动发出报警。试用导电式水位 传感器设计一个水位报警器分别能感知三个不同水位(正常水位、缺水水位、超高水位),并能在缺水水位与超高水位时发出报警信号,提醒用户注意。 要求

(1) 将设计电路用绘图软件画出来,并制成印制电路板(虚拟); (2) 准备电路所需元件并装配水位报警器电路;

(3) 将三个感知电极安置于水盆的不同高度,接通水位报警器电路,在水盆中加水; (4) 分别在正常水位、缺水水位、超高水位对电路的报警效果进行电路调整; (5) 反复调试直到达到设计要求。

时间: 2010 年8 月 30 日 至2010 年 10 月 23 日 共8 周 所属系部: 学生姓名: 专业:

指导单位或教研室: 指导教师:

职称:

西安航空职业技术学院制 学 号

3

【摘要】

近年来,随着我国经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,人们对生活热水器的需求日益迫近。太阳能热水器是太阳能成果应用中的一大产业,它以环保、安全、节能、卫生等优点,迅速赢得广大消费者的青睐。太阳能热水器一般都设在屋外或房屋的顶处,热水器的水位在使用时不易观测。企业在不影响效益的前提下,提高产品的工艺性能,满足用户的需求。

使用太阳能热水器水位报警器后,则可以实现水箱中缺水或加水过多时自动发出声光报警。此报警器电路在设计中要求当水位报警器接通电源时,主电路有相应的电源指示灯点亮,指示电源正常。当太阳能热水器水箱缺水,电路能发出声光报警,告知人们应向水箱送水。当水箱中的水上升到一定高度时,电路发出声光报警,应停止向水箱送水。为了适应社会日益增长的物质需求,此报警器需要更多更好的改进,以满足人们的需求。

关键词 水位报警器;电导式传感器;太阳能

Abstract

Recent years, along with our country economy development and lives of people level enhancement, the people use water heater to the life the demand to the day by day urgent . The solar energy water heater is of great use of solar energy industry, with environmental protection , safety, energy, health and other advantages, quickly won the favor from the masses of consumers. The solar energy water heater generally located outside of the top of the house , and the water heater is in use. Enterprise dose not affect the efficiency in the premise, improve product performance, satisfy the demand of users.

Use the solar energy water heater lever alarm , which can realize the tank water or water too sound-light alarm automatically send. The alarm circuit in the design require that when the water level alarm switched on, the main circuit there is a corresponding power indicator light to indicate normal power supply. When the solar water heater tank water, sound and light alarm circuit can be issued to inform the people should be bottled water tank. When the water tank when the water rose to the height required, the circuit issued a sound and light alarm, should stop the water to the tank. To meet the material needs of the community's growing need for more improvements for this alarm system to meet people's needs.

Key words Water Level Alarm; Conductivity Type Sensor; Solar Energy

目 录

前言 .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1 绪论 ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 课题背景 ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 研究背景 .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.1.2研究的目的及意义 ............................................................................................................... 3 1.2 国内外的研究与发展 .................................................................................................................. 4 1.2.1 太阳能热水器的现状 .......................................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 太阳能热水器的发展 .......................................................................................................... 4 2 电路器件的介绍 .................................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 变压器的介绍 .............................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.1 变压器的原理及选择 .......................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 干式变压器的性能特点 ...................................................................................................... 6 2.2 稳压电源的原理与选用 .............................................................................................................. 6 2.2.1 稳压电源的原理 .................................................................................................................. 6 2.2.2 稳压电源的选用 .................................................................................................................. 7 2.3 整流电路的介绍 .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.3.1 整流电路 .............................................................................................................................. 7 2.3.2整流电路的选用 ................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 稳压管 .......................................................................................................................................... 9 2.4.1 稳压管的定义 ...................................................................................................................... 9 2.4.2稳压管的工作原理 ............................................................................................................... 9 2.5 发光二极管 ................................................................................................................................ 10 2.5.1 发光二极管的定义及分类 ................................................................................................ 10 2.5.2 发光二极管的原理 ............................................................................................................ 10 2.6 电导传感器 ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.6.1 电导电极 ............................................................................................................................ 11 2.6.2 电导率仪 ............................................................................................................................ 12 2.6.3 电导传感器的工作原理 .................................................................................................... 12 2.7 电解电容 .................................................................................................................................... 12 2.7.1 电解电容的概念 ................................................................................................................ 12 2.7.2 电解电容的原理 ................................................................................................................ 13 2.7.3 电解电容在电路中的作用 ................................................................................................ 13 2.7.4 电解电容的使用注意事项 ................................................................................................ 13 2.8 蜂鸣器 ........................................................................................................................................ 14 2.8.1 蜂鸣器的基本概念 ............................................................................................................ 14 2.8.2 蜂鸣器的结构原理 ............................................................................................................ 14 3 主电路的设计及原理 ........................................................................................................................ 15 3.1 太阳能热水器的水位报警器主电路设计 ................................................................................. 15 3.2 太阳能热水器的水位报警器主电路工作原理 ......................................................................... 15 3.2.1 工作电源指示 .................................................................................................................... 15


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