英语翻译易错语句

2019-03-01 09:54

1. Nobody will be the wiser. 谁也不会更为聪明。(误) 谁也不懂得。(正)

注:英语形容词 wise 有三个基本意思:(1) 聪明的,如 You were wise not to go.(你不去是聪明的)。(2) 饱学的,如 He is wise in the law.(他精通法律)。(3)知道的,如 We are none the wiser for his explanations.(听完他的解释,我们还是不明白)。上例便是第三义,等于说 Nobody will know it. 通常比较级,意为“至今不知道的事,现在知道了”,所谓 none the wiser= no wiser than before= as wise as before,照旧。

2.Don't you see the writing on the wall? 你看不见墙上的字吗?(误)

难道你看不到灾难的迫切吗?(正)

注:The writing on the wall (or sometimes 'handwriting on the wall') is an expression that suggests a portent of doom or misfortune. It originates in the Biblical book of Daniel - where supernatural writing fortells the demise of the Babylonian Empire, but it has come to have a wide usage in language and literature.

3.Truth lies at the bottom of the decanter. 真相从玻璃酒瓶地下看出来。(误) 酒后吐真言。(正)

4.Don't tell him home truths.

不要告诉他家里的真相。(误) 不要对他讲逆耳的事实。(正)

注:Home truths are unpleasant facts that you learn about yourself, usually from someone else. (BRIT)

5.This will go a long way in overcoming the difficulty. 在克服困难上要走很远的路。(误) 这在突破难关时是很有帮助的。(正) 注:go a long way = will be helpful. 又,go a little way with a person, 意为对那人一点效果也没有,对他影响很小。

6.He has a yellow streak in him. 他身上有一条黄色的纹路。(误) 他有胆小的气质。(正)

7.One or two of the jewels would never be missed. 一两粒宝石是决不会不见的。(误) 失去一两粒宝石是决不会知道的。(正)

8.Iknow he meant business. 我知道他的用意在生意。(误) 我知道他不是开玩笑的。(正) 注:口语用法的 mean business = be serious;be earnest。做生意的人是要认真的,

讲求信用的,因此引伸出上面这种意思来了。

9.This failure was the making of him. 这次失败是他造成的。(误)

这次失败实为他成功的基础。(正)

注:动词 make 原是“造成”的意思,又可作“发展或发达的过程。成功的原因或手段”解,例句中所用的便是这个意思。 making 还可以加复数,而构成“要素”,“素质”之意,如 He has in him the makings of a poet.(他有诗人的素质。)

10.He has never recovered her loss. 他永为能补偿她的损失。(误) 他用含失恃之悲。(正) 注:这是英语中最容易弄错意思的一种表现法。英语属格分主格作用和宾格作用两种。李据说的是宾格作用,所谓 her loss = the loss of his mother, 而不是 his mother's loss, 不是他母亲的损失,而是他失去母亲。如果说成 She has never recovered her loss. 就是主格作用,因为 She 和 her是同一人,her loss就是她的损失。从及物动词变来的名词,就能有这两种作用。

11.I could do with more leisure time. 有更多的闲暇我就能做好了。(误) 要再多一些闲暇就好了。(正)

注:can do=be satisfied with; be content with, 满足,忍受。在 do 之前用can的过去could 时,便有“要能得到就好了”,“想要”的意思,不过常出于戏言。That man could do with a shave.(那人要把胡子剃光就好了。)

12.She is now in a delicate condition. 她现在是在一种微妙的状态中。(误) 她现在是在怀孕中。(正)

注:分辨 a delicate condition 和 a delicate situation, 后者意为“困难的局势“。

13.He is brave like anything.

他像任何东西一样的勇敢。(误) 其勇无比。(正)

注:like anything,意为拿任何东西来譬喻都不相称,引申而成“非常”,“不劣于任何东西”之意。

14.It is said that his days are numbered. 据说他的日子都计算好了。(误) 据说他的死期已近。(正)

注:number 用作被动是,有“为数可数”之意,即“有限”,“无多”,“迫切”的意思。传说人寿有定,当生命将尽时,可以说 His hour has come. 或 His course is run.

15.It is time he began to work.

这时他已经开始工作了。(误)

现在是他应该开始工作的时候了。(正)

注 It is time+主语+过去分词 就和 It is time for+宾语+不定式 一样的意思。句中的过去动词是一种假设语气的用法,例如 It is time I was going.(我早应该告辞了。)

16.He may be drowned for all I care.

不顾我怎样当心,他或许仍然会溺死的。(误) 他也许会溺死,但我毫不介意。(正)

注:for all I care= I don't care if. 英语说的for all 或 with all, 实有不顾(notwithstanding)之意,如 For all his wealth, he is unhappy.(他虽有那么多的钱还是不快乐。)

17.There is no love lost between them. 他们之间并未失掉爱情。(误) 他们非常不和。(正)

注:这是委婉的说法,意为他们之间根本无爱情可言,换言之,There is hatred between them.(他们之间只有憎恨。)

18.He had words with her. 他和她谈过话了。(误) 他和她口角了。(正)

注: have words with 或 exchange words with,为互相争论或口角之意。本例也可说成 They had words together. 英文的words,常有吵嘴的意思,如 proceed from words to blows(由争论而至打斗)。

19. He was laid up for a few days. 他被安插好几天了。(误) 他病倒两三天了。(正)

注:因病或伤睡在床上,英文说 lay up, 如 be laid up with illness(卧病);be laid up with a broken leg(因折腿不能起床)。

20. He took my advice in good part. 他接受了我的忠告最好的部分。(误) 他嘉纳了我的忠言。(正) 注:take sth in good part,意为“善意地接受”或“顺受”。相反的说法有 in bad(或ill)part,则为“不悦”或“逆受”。

21.It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. 聪明人从来不做错事。(误) 智者千虑必有一失。(正) 注:此句照字面解释,似应照误句的译法,不过这是一句古来的谚语,凡“it is ...that (who)\的构造,都含有“无论怎样??都不免”的意思。参考下列各句:It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.(害于此者利于彼。人病医生喜。人死和尚乐。)It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest.(自诽其家者未之有也。家丑不可外扬。)It is a good

workman that never blunders.(无论怎样好的工人有时都不免做错。)It is a long lane that has no turning.(否极泰来。)It is a wise mother who knows her own child.(为母者不知其子之恶。)It is a good divine who follows his own instructions.(能说者不能行。)

22.We parted the best friends. 我们和最好的朋友别离了。(误) 我们在分别时是极好的朋友。(正)

注:part 是一个不及物动词,the best friends 为补语。

23.Twenty failed, myself among the rest. 有二十人落第,但我自己不在内。(误)

落第者二十名,我自己也是其中之一。(正)

注: the rest, 原意为“其余”,如 as for the rest(至于其他之点)。但among the rest, 则系一个成语,意为 among the number(就在那个数目之中)。

24.He is dead, as I live.

他死了,我还活着。(误) 他的的确确是死了。(正)

注:as I live 在此意为indeed,是加重前面主句的。英语还有其他类似的说法,如 as I am here, as the sun shines, as you stand here, as my nose is on my face 等等。

25.She will make you a good wife. 她将是你做一个好妻子。(误) 她将成为你的好妻子。(正) 注:这个make 是完全及物动词,采用了两个宾语,前面的 you 为间接宾语, 后面的good wife为直接宾语。 “母亲要替我买一只表”一语,如不译为 Mother will buy a watch for me.时,也可译为 Mother will buy me a watch. 所以上举例句就是 She will make a good wife for you 的另一种说法。 利用 make这个及物动词,我们还可以造出这样的妙句 She made him a good husband because she made him a good wife. 第一个 made 为不完全几无动词;第二个 made 为完全及物动词。

26.His pictures does credit to a professional. 他的画可增加专家的信用。(误) 他的画较之专家所做亦无逊色。(正)

注:does credit to =be worthy of,意为“有成为的价值”,“为之增光”,如 She does credit to the educational system pursued here.(Thackeray)她为这里所追求的教育制度增光不少。

27.I am staying with a friend. 我和一个朋友同住。(误)

我现在住在一个朋友家里。(正)

注:stay with =stay at one's home. 用 with 时后接“人物”,用 in 时后接“地方”,用 at 时后接“房屋”。

28.They made an example of the boy. 他们以此童为模范。(误) 他们惩罚此童以儆其余。(正)

注: make an example of one = punish one as an example to others = make am example of the first offender as a warning to to others.(惩初犯折以儆效尤)。注意:如说 set an example, 就是“示范”了,如 He set an example to his inferiors.(他为玩呗示范。) You should set an example for the future.(你应以身作则,垂法于后。)

29. We found them at table. 我们发现他们在打牌。(误) 我们发现他们在用餐。(正)

注:green table 指赌博,普通单说 table 一词,多半是说用餐,如 lay the table 摆刀叉准备用餐。 Keep a good table 餐食丰美。keep an open table 广纳食客。

30.I will make myself obeyed. 我要使自己服从。(误)

我自己说过的话必将恪守。(正)

注: 参考:I made myself understood in English.(我使别人能听懂我用英语说的话。)例句中的 obeyed 的用法,与上例中的 understood 相同。如说 I made you understand me.(我使你了解我。)则与说 Iwill make others obey me.(我要使别人服从我。)用法相同, understand 和 obey 二词,都是略去了 to 的不定式。

31.But for hope, life would be short.

但是因为希望,人生是短促的。(误) 如果没有希望,人生苦短。(正)

注:but for = if it were not for 或 If it had not been for (如果没有),可作为过去或过去完成的省略。 这个 but 有否定之意,后面如不接 for,而接 that 也是一样的,如 Life could be short, but that hope prolongs it. (人生是短促的,若非希望去延长它的话。)

32. He is ignorant to a proverb. 他不懂得这句谚语。(误) 他的无知是有名的。(正)

注: 这句话又可说成 His ignorance is a proverb. 或 He is a proverb for ignorance. 所谓 proverb,是指尽人皆知的事,故 to a proverb,意即尽人皆知,达到尽人皆知的程度。参考:He is ignorant to a wonder.(他的无知令人吃惊)改用形容词也是一样,如 His generosity is provobial=He is proverbial for his generosity.(他的大量是人所共知的。)

33.The man was generous to a fault. 那人宽恕过失。(误) 他过于慷慨。(正) 注:to a fault = to excess;excessively,过度的,极端地。例如,He is kind to a fault.(他


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