MBA英语历年真题阅读理解及参考答案详解二
We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War Ⅱ as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the Gl, Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.
But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more, During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less. and that restraint, in combination with the post war confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.
Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more\was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Robe, who Like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War 11 and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to
exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture. but none more so than Mies.Mies's signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impacts than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modem architects. he employed metal, glass and laminated wood - materials that we take for granted today but that in the
194Os symbolized the future. Mies's sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.
The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago's Lake Shore Drive, for example,were smaller - two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet - than those in their older neighbors along the city's Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings' details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.
The trend toward “less\Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses - usually around 1,200 square feet - than the spreading two-storey ones he had designed in the I 89Os and the early 20th century.
The \architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another home grown influence on the\is more\trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In this Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life - few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers - but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.
31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the American______.
A. prosperity and growth
B. efficiency and practicality
C. restraint and confidence
D. pride and faithfulness
32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about the Bauhaus?
A. It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Robe.
B. Its designing concept was affected by World War 11.
C. Most American architects used to be associated with it.
D. It had a great influence upon American architecture.
33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design
A. was related to large space
B. was identified with emptiness
C. was not reliant on abundant decoration