2. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条件 [典例]
1). He has the advantage of a steady job. 他有工作稳定的有利条件。
2). They took full advantage of the hotel's facilities. 他们充分利用旅馆的设备。 [重点用法]
take advantage of 对??加以利用；欺骗 to sb.’s advantage 对某人有利
have /get/win an advantage over （of）胜过；优于 [练习] 中译英 1).协议对我们有利。
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2).她利用了我的慷慨。
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Keys: 1). The agreement is/works to our advantage.
2). She took advantage of my generosity.
3. goal n. 球门；进球得的分；目标 [典例]
1). He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门 2). We won by three goals to one 以三比一获胜。
3). You’d better set a goal before you start. 开始前最好设定一个目标。 [重点用法]
score/kick a goal 得[踢进一球得]一分 keep goal守球门
life goal/ one’s goal in life生活目标
achieve / realize one’s goal实现目标 [练习] 中译英
1).他已经实现了他的目标。
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2).我的人生目标是帮助他人。
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Keys: 1). He has achieved his goal. 2). My goal in life is to help others.
4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号 v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与……通讯 [典例]
1). A red light is usually a signal for/of danger. 红灯通常是危险的信号。 2). He signaled (to) the waiter to bring the menu. 他示意要服务员把菜单拿来。 [重点用法]
signal to sb/sth for sth 用信号传达（某信息）; 用信号与（某人）通讯 signal with…用……发信号 [练习] 中译英
1).铁路红灯亮了, 所以火车停下了。
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2).他用红旗发信号。
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Keys: 1). The railway signal was on red, so the train stopped.
2). He was signaling with a red flag.
5. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现； 发生 [典例]
1). A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。
2). Accidents arise from carelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。 [重点用法]
arise from /out of由??引起；由??产生 [练习] 中译英 1). 夜间起风暴了。
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2). 由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。
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Keys: 1). A storm arose during the night.
2). Problems have arisen out of the lack of communication
Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1. in common 共同的；共有的；共用的
[典例]
I have nothing in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。
[短语归纳]
have nothing in common 无共同之处 have little in common 几乎无共同之处 have something in common 有一些共同之处 have a lot in common 有许多共同之处 [练习] 中译英 1). 这个词常用吗?
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2). 她已和许多人一起申请参加训练。
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Keys: 1). Is this word in common use?
2). In common with many others, she applied for a training place.
2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说 [典例]
1). In a way, his English has improved. 从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。
2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。 [短语归纳]
in the way 造成阻碍 by the way 顺便提一下 all the way 自始自终;完全地
on the/one’s way (to) 在(去…)的路上 in no way 决不
in this way 用这种方法
与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。
[练习] 中译英
1). 从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。
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2). 看来你的自行车挡着道了。
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Keys: 1). In a way, I like this new textbook very much．
3.watch over 看守; 监视; 照看 [典例]
1). Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim? 我游泳时你看着我的衣物行吗? 2). He felt that God was watching over him. 他感觉到上帝保佑着他. [短语归纳]
watch out (for) 当心; 注意 watch for sb./sth. 观察等待 keep a watch on 监视 under the close watch 在严密的监视下 [练习] 中译英
1). 他们等待着进一步的发展。
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2). 小心! 汽车来了。
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Keys: 1). They are watching for further developments. 2). Watch out! There's a car coming.
4. make up
化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）
2). I’m afraid your bike is in the way．
[典例]
1). She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party. 她在聚会前化妆用了一个小时。 2). Stop making things up! 不要胡编了! [短语归纳]
make up for补偿 be made up of = consist of由??组成 make for有利于??，有助于??；走向；冲向 make it及时赶到，办成功
make it up和解；讲和
make known使知晓；传达 make out理解；懂得；辨认出 [练习] 中译英
1).社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
2).她总是浓妆艳抹的。
Keys;
1). Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities. 2). She's always very heavily made up.
Ⅴ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger! 到20世纪40年代，我已经长到一个大房间那么大，我不知道我会不会继续长大。 [解释] 1). as large as．．．“有??大”，后面常加数词．例如： This playground is as large as 500squaremeters． 这个操场有500平方米那么大。
2). I wondered if．．“我不知道(奇怪)是否??”，是一个常见句式，常用于口语，表示一种委婉或客气的语气。例如：
I wondered if you would mind giving me a hand. [练习] 中译英
1). 我也不知道他们能不能准时到。
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2). 那个男子的体重比他重一倍。
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1). I wonder whether they will arrive on time. 2). That man is twice as heavy as him.
2. However，this reality also worried my designers．可是这个现实也困扰着我的设计者们。 [解释] however adv．尽管；尽管如此，可是；仍然。表示转折；可放在句首、句中或句尾，但用逗号隔开。例如：
I meant to go abroad last year. However, I changed my mind later. 我本打算去年出国，但是后来改变了主意。 [练习] 中译英
1). 她仍然在等，尽管没有任何回音。
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2). 他说事情就是那样，不过他错了。
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1). She waited, however, for no answer.
2). He said it was so, he was mistaken, however.
课文要点
1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Over time I have been changed a lot. I could 1 (简化) difficult sums when I began 2 a calculating machine. After I was programmed by an operator, I could 3 (logic) produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it 4 (consider) a 5 ( 技术的) revolution. In 1936, I could solve difficult problems as a 6 (universe) machine. From then on, my memory has developed so much 7 I never forget 8 I have been told. Since the 1970s, many new applications have been found for me. For example, I have been sent to explore the Moon. 9 , my goal is 10 (provide) humans with a life of high quality. 答案： 1. simplify 2. as 3. logically 4. was considered 5. technological universal 7. that 8. anything
10. to provide
9. Anyhow
6.
2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案
电脑作为课文的叙述者讲述了它从一部计算器发展成为电脑和手提电脑以及它在各个领域的运用。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案：The narrator, a computer, tells us about its development from a calculating machine to a PC and a laptop and how it is used in different fields.
3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1. 【课本原句】As time went by, I was made smaller. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。自二十世纪七十年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人电脑，后来又做成便携式。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: first…+ then…+ later…. 【模仿1】毕业以后，他先是做一名工人，接着做了一个商店的经理后来做了一个工厂的老板。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：After graduation, he first worked as a worker, then as a manager of a store and later as a boss of a factory.
【模仿2】从那时开始，他先在一家车厂工作，然后在一家钢厂任工程师，当其时那是一家最大的钢厂，后来又到了一家生产电脑的公司任总裁。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案：From then on, he first worked in a car factory, then as an engineer in a steel factory, which was the biggest one at that time and later as president of a company producing computers. 2．【课本原句】I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.我还被放在机器人里面，被用来制作移动手机，并且用来帮助作医疗手术。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: as well as
【模仿1】通过上网，人们可以获得知识和乐趣。
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