at89c52单片机简介 中英文资料对照外文翻译文献综述
AT89C52 Single-chip microprocessor introduction
Selection of Single-chip microprocessor
1. Development of Single-chip microprocessor
The main component part of Single-chip microprocessor as a result of by such centralize to be living to obtain on the chip，In immediate future middle processor CPU。Storage RAM immediately﹑memoy read ROM﹑Interrupt system、Timer /'s counter along with I/O's rim electric circuit awaits the main microcomputer section，The lumping is living on the chip。Although the Single-chip microprocessor r is only a chip，Yet through makes up and the meritorous service be able to on sees，It had haveed the calculating machine system property，calling it for this reason act as Single-chip microprocessor r minisize calculating machine SCMS and abbreviate the Single-chip microprocessor。
1976Year the Inter corporation put out 8 MCS－48Set Single-chip microprocessor computer，After being living more than 20 years time in development that obtain continuously and wide-ranging application。1980Year that corporation put out high performance MCS －51Set Single-chip microprocessor。This type of Single-chip microprocessor meritorous service capacity、The addressing range wholly than early phase lift somewhat，Use also comparatively far more at the moment。1982Year that corporation put out the taller 16 Single-chip microprocessor MCS of performance once
more －96Set。The Single-chip microprocessor computer development havees the performance more and more to be improved﹑More and more distinguishings feature of strain。
2. Adopt the Single-chip microprocessor strong point Hacker use，Agileization of application。
? Have memory、Calculation and look-up meritorous service capacity。May make the apparatus bearing that the rule can not make。
? The command system is fit for the real-time control。 ? Bulk is little，Execution speed is quickly。
? Dependability is high，The antijamming capability is powerful。 ? The temperature use limit is vast。 ? Power-off protection is improved。 ? The product development cycle brief。
? Identical set is much as the necessary interface chip sort，The meritorous service be able to be completely，Be convenient for to pick up achieve the minimal system。 ? On the basis of the tall science and technology demand，Integration in common use software，Hardware （In case PL/M language，DAM's wave pattern producer，Analog switch awaits ）Application is agile。
Hence，Native is designed adoping with the Single-chip microprocessor core components designs。
3 . AT89C52 Component
AT89C52 microprocessor main function parameter：
And completely compatible with the MCS-51 product instruction and thepin The 8K byte is programmable/scratches writes Flash to dodge the fastmemory 1,000 time scratches writes the cycle Entire static operation: 0Hz - 24MHz Three levels of encryptions program memory
256×8 byte interior RAMs 32 programmable I/O lines 3 16 fixed time/counters 8 interrupt sources
Programmable serial UART channel
The low power loss is idle and falls the electricity pattern
CPU's composition
The CPU is the Single-chip microprocessor core components，It consists of that ruing the arithmetic sum controller await。 1. Arithmetic unit
The meritorous service of arithmetic unit be able to be carrying on arithmetic operation and logic operation，The half-byte may be adjust﹑The separate word length and so on the data manipulate。 2. Order counter PC
It is used for leaving second order which will the be carried out address。The address that the order points out in accordance PC brings out through the storage afterwards，The PC be able to plus 1 voluntarily，In immediate future point to the second order。 3. Order product register
Leave the instruction code in the order register。When CPU's execute instruction，Send into the order register through reading aloud the instruction code get in the order storage，Decipher queen after the decipherer，Issue the relevant control signal through fixed time against the control circuit。Complete the order meritorous service capacity.
Storage 1. Order storage
Used to leave order and form constant。As to 8751，EA＝1Hour，Slice internal
procedure storage is occupied 0000H ～0When FFFH，Order storage fetch piece through the slice.
2. Data storage utensil
8751No matter the Single-chip microprocessor data storage utensil is living on the physics and the logic goes up wholly being divided into two addresss space，One act as the internal data storage，Call on the internal data storage in the way of order of MOV's，Another act as the external data storage utensil，Call on external data storage articles of daily use order of MOVX's，Addressing mode indirect addressing。
Meritorous service capacity register special.
MCS－51Latch inner place the Single-chip microprocessor、Timer、Serial port data bumpers along with different control register and the conditions register has wholly ariseed with the meritorous service capacity register special shape。TAM's address space limit included they decentralized distributions（80H～FDH）It is inside。
8751The inside particular meritorous service capacity register consists of operating the register、Register of address、The rim latch reaches to be used the interception、Count / fixed a time and the serial port administration register。
The calculation register consists of accumulator A、Register B and program mode word register PSW。
The register of address consists of indicator DPTR of warehouse indicator SP and data addresses。MCS－51The SP of Single-chip microprocessor act as 8，The place included the warehouse among the RAM is comparatively more agile。Data pointer DPTR is 16 registers，Such high position byte is expressed in the way of DPh，The position is expressed in the way of DPI，In immediate future may as 16 register DPTRs the handle，8 register DPh and DPIs who also may do worthwhile independence handle。
Port P0 ～The P3 is separately I/O port P0 ～The latch of P3。P0～P3 is as register special still usable direct addressing means participation else operating
instruction operation。
Serial data bumper SBUF is used conveying either the data the receiveed loading，In reality it is consising of two independence registers，One is transmiting the bumper，Another is receives the bumper。
AT89C52 pin explanation
The AT89C52 monolithic integrated circuit uses 40 pins the double row straightto insert the seal way.
The power source pin turns on the monolithic integrated circuit thework power source.
VCC: Meets the +5V power source. GND: Earth.
? Port 0: Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as highimpedance inputs.
Port 0 can also be configured to be the multiplexed loworder address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. In this mode, P0 has internal pullups.
Port 0 also receives the code bytes during Flash programming and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pullups are required during program verification.
? Port 1:Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups.The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs.When 1s are written to Port 1 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups.
In addition, P1.0 and P1.1 can be configured to be the timer/counter 2 external count input (P1.0/T2) and the timer/counter 2 trigger input (P1.1/T2EX), respectively,