本科毕业设计（论文）
基于51单片机的低成本音乐门铃设计
学 院 信息工程学院 专 业 信息工程 （应用电子技术方向） 年级班别 2007级（4）班 学 号 学生姓名 指导教师
2011年
摘 要
门铃的应用，在现代社会里随处可见，但是出于多方面的考虑，如成本的高低，声音的模式等，需要我们进一步去挖掘。本论文的设计就是围绕低成本音乐门铃进行研究开发。其中主要运用到了51芯片，51芯片是微型处理器， 51单片机具有优异的性能价格比、集成度高、体积小、可靠性高、 控制功能强、低电压、低功耗等优点。本设计中音乐门铃的基本功能都能由51芯片提供，且价格低廉。除芯片基本电路部分外，还需要声音扩大部分，用到386DE芯片。整个系统围绕价格低廉展开，拓展功能由程序部分实现。
先用c语言编写实现音乐门铃的程序代码，然后将c语言用keil软件生成hex文件下载到stc89c51集成芯片中，利用不同的频率发出不同的音调，利用延时产生不同的节拍，通过功率放大器传送到喇叭使其发出美妙的音乐。为进一步降低成本，所以本设计主要完成部分在于程序，程序分为主体与扩展部分。扩展部分用于规定的歌曲节拍，音调控制。扩展部分由主程序，音乐曲目以及歌曲数组函数组成。在利用画图工具完成基本电路设计后，再焊接电路，最后再进入变成部分。
关键词：单片机，低成本，程序，音乐
注：本设计（论文）题目来源于自选。
Abstract
Doorbell application, can be seen everywhere in modern society, but because of various considerations, such as low cost, voice pattern, we need to dig further. The design of this thesis is to focus on research and development cost music doorbell. Mainly applied to the 51-chip, 51 chip is a microprocessor, microcontroller 51 has excellent performance and low cost, high integration, small size, high reliability, high control, low voltage, low power consumption. The design of the basic functions of music doorbell can be from 51 chips, and low prices. In addition to the basic part of the circuit chip, but also need to expand the sound section, use 386DE chip. Expand the system around the low cost and expand the function by the program partially achieved.
First with the c language code to achieve musical doorbell, and then use keil software c language generated hex file to stc89c51 integrated chip, the use of different frequencies make different tone, the use of delay have different beats, transmitted through the power amplifier To the speaker to broadcast the wonderful music. To further reduce costs, so the design process the main part is completed, the program is divided into subject and extension. Extension of the provisions of the songs used in rhythm, tone control. Extension from the main program, music tracks and songs composed of an array of functions. In the use of drawing tools to complete the basic circuit design, and then soldering the circuit, and finally re-entering into a part.
Key words：Single chip, Low-cost, Program,Music
目录
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 题目背景及目的 .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究状况 .............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 题目研究方法 .................................................................................................................. 2 1.4论文构成及研究内容 ....................................................................................................... 2 2 电子音乐门铃系统简介 ........................................................................................................ 3 2.1分析功能要求 ................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 系统原理与控制方法 ...................................................................................................... 4 2.3 单片机发音概述 .............................................................................................................. 4
2.3.1 音调 ....................................................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 节拍 ....................................................................................................................... 5 3 系统硬件设计 ........................................................................................................................ 7 3.1 原理简介 .......................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 主电路设计 ...................................................................................................................... 8 3.3 音乐功放电路设计 ........................................................................................................ 11
3.3.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 11 3.3.2 特性 ..................................................................................................................... 12 3.3.3应用电路 .............................................................................................................. 12 3.3.4 芯片使用方法与自激啸叫防治措施 ................................................................. 14 4 系统软件设计 ...................................................................................................................... 16 4.1 软件介绍 ........................................................................................................................ 16 4.2 主程序设计 .................................................................................................................... 18 4.3 播放文件程序设计 ........................................................................................................ 20 5 系统调试与实现 .................................................................................................................. 22 5.1 硬件调试与实现 ............................................................................................................ 22
5.2 软件调试与实现 ............................................................................................................ 22 结论 .......................................................................................................................................... 24 参考文献 .................................................................................................................................. 25 致谢 .......................................................................................................................................... 26 附录A 主文件程序 ................................................................................................................ 27 附录B 播放文件程序 ............................................................................................................ 30