毕 业 设 计
姓 名 学 号 题 目单片机控制的智能家用电热水器 学 院 专 业 班 级 指导教师
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摘 要
本次设计采用ATMEL公司生产的AT89S51芯片作为智能电热水器的控制芯片，对该芯片的引脚和功能做了详细的介绍。在硬件系统设计方面，对电源电路、键盘接口电路、报警电路、模数转换电路、温度检测电路，水位检测电路等进行了分析和设计。在软件设计方面，采用汇编语言程序编程，汇编语言易于为单片机所识别，而且执行速度快。本次设计所用到的芯片主要有AT89S51,74LS377,DS18B20，ADC0809等。
该智能电热水器设计完善，设计方案简单易行，采用软件设计控制，可以实现智能检测水位及水温，智能加热，并且提高整机的可靠性和准确性。
关键词：单片机 智能 控制
ABSTRACT
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AT89S51 single-chip microcomputer is a production of ATMEL corporation ,I use it to control intelligent electric water heaters .I also introduce its pin and function in detail . The hardware system consist of power circuit ,keyboard interface circuit ,alarm circuit ,analog-to-digital conversion circuit ,temperature testing circuit and water level detection circuit .I analysis and design them .When I begin to design the software system ,I use assembly language to write program .The assembly language is easy to be distinguished by single-chip microcomputer ,and the execution speed is fast .This design used some chips ,including AT89S51 , 74LS377 , DS18B20,ADC0809 and so on .
This design is perfect ,simple and easy .Using software to control the intelligent electric water heater to achieve the goal of detecting water temperature and level ,it can improve reliability and accuracy of the system .
Keywords: single-chip microcomputer, controller, intelligence
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目 录
第1章 绪论 ··························································································· 1.1 热水器的发展现状 ········································································· 1.2 国内外电热水器的研究成果 ····························································· 1.3 设计初步探讨 ··············································································· 第2章 硬件系统设计 ··············································································· 2.1 方案的比较和选取 ········································································· 2.2 系统总体框图设计 ········································································· 2.3 硬件系统设计 ···············································································
2.3.1 电源电路 ············································································ 2.3.2 AT89S51功能及特性介绍 ······················································· 2.3.3 水位检测电路 ······································································ 2.3.4 漏电检测电路 ···································································· 2.3.5 温度检测电路 ······································································ 2.3.6 键盘/显示接口电路 ······························································ 2.3.7 模数转换电路 ······································································ 2.3.8 发声电路 ············································································
第3章 系统的软件设计 ············································································
3.1 主程序流程框图 ······································································ 3.2 键扫描子程序流程框图 ····························································· 3.3 显示子程序流程框图 ································································ 3.4 运行程序流程框图 ··································································· 3.5 软件仿真 ···············································································
结论 ······································································································· 致谢 ······································································································· 参考文献 ································································································· 附录1 系统程序清单 ················································································· 附录2 系统整体原理图 ··············································································
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第1章 绪论
1.1 热水器的发展现状
我国城镇居民家庭中使用的热水器以电热水器为主，占各类热水器总量的60％以上。以前风光无限的燃气热水器开始慢慢退出市场，市场份额仅剩不足20％；新兴的太阳能热水器虽然受到安装条件的限制，但其安全、环保的性能广受消费者青睐，发展态势迅猛，市场占有率已达到15％左右。于安全方面的考虑是城镇居民更多选择电热水器和太阳能热水器的主要原因。时下的商品房通风效果并不好，燃气产生的污染无法及时消除，而电热水器和太阳能热水器则基本没有这方面的忧虑。三大热水器：燃气热水器—廉颇老矣；电热水器—风头正劲；太阳能热水器—后劲十足。电热水器的优点：易安装，不受天气的影响，不受楼层和供水管道的限制，投入小。随着技术进步和新品的开发，下置式、嵌入式等多种安装形式的电热水器先后上市，彻底摆脱了房间空间的限制。中央供水和数码智能的电热水器也已进入市场。电热水器的安全问题涉及到消费者的生命，又加上近些年的能源危机，人们生活节奏的加快，智能化电热水器越来越受到消费者的青睐。在当今社会，科技日新月异，热水器技术飞速发展，越来越多的科技成果被运用到热水器的制造中。如今的热水器产品已经绝对不是一个简单的加热器，而是科技含量高的现代化家电产品。随着我国人民生活水平的逐渐提高，其生活条件有了很大的改善，智能化电器在人们日常生活中占有比重越来越大，与家庭生活密切相关的热水器品种层出不穷，花样翻新。正是在这样的背景下，本设计选择基于AT89S51单片机的智能电热水器的设计研究。
本选题目的是基于人们对现代家庭舒适、便利、安全以及多元化信息服务的需要，基于AT89S51单片机设计具有智能特征的电热水器控制器。
选用AT89S51单片机作为控制芯片，就是为了实现电热水器的智能化，持续稳定的热水供应，自动断电的安全功能，使人们洗浴时能放心享受，利于人们的身体健康，其务实性能快速满足人们对现代生活快节奏的需求。
1.2国内外电热水器的研究成果
热水器内胆最为关键，如果内胆损坏就意味着整台机器的报废。与其他家用
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