7) Having won several championships in international matches recently, he currently ranks second among the world's professional tennis players. 8) There has been a great deal of publicity in the media about the campaign against genetically modified food.
9) The coach was relieved that Michael had recovered sufficiently from his knee injury and he was able to play in the semi-finals next week.
10) He has dropped his old bad-boy image and now portrays himself as something of an angel.
11) Due to its inefficiency, the cable TV company has become a frequent target of criticism from the public these days.
12) A few mirrors can transform a dark room, making it look larger and lighter instantly.
13) Earthquakes had destroyed their houses, so they had no choice but to live temporarily in the tents put up overnight.
14) The argument never ceased as to whether it was fair to cover celebrities' private lives in the mass media.
15) Kelly got a new job as a secretary, but two weeks later she became bored with the endless office chores; so she quit.
16) These two TV programs are both about news or current affairs, but they have attracted very different audiences in the United States.
17) Jane's parents held her in high regard and they supported her decision to be an actress.
18) When the results of the vote were announced, the Prime Minister acknowledged defeat.
19) Scientists are unable to predict with accuracy when and where earthquakes will strike.
第二小题（P78） 1) The teachers felt sorry for Nick, a former straight-A student, because he was thrown out of college in the second year for taking drugs.
2) You can do things for your health in the way of diet, exercise, good lifestyle, and so on.
3) As the ship began to turn to its one side, the horrified passengers all clung on to the other for dear life.
4) Many of the young girls I know set their sights on lofty goals and try very hard to accomplish what they aim at.
5) She quit the well-paid office job since she was tired of doing the same thing day after day and she was eager to try something fresh.
6) The civil administration promises that they would not turn away anyone who comes to the relief centre for help.La
7) If she wants to hang on to her professional reputation she should control her inconsistent emotions.
8) Among us, we would always address him as Your Majesty in his presence. Behind him, we invariably referred to him as Peanut.
9) I'm sorry your tooth is hurting, but you'll have to live with it until we get you to the dentist.
10) This guy likes to exaggerate and is good at nothing but boasting about his “glorious” past.
11) As well as I could make out, she had come for good, and had no intention of ever leaving again.
12) Like so many young graduates before them, they set out to launch their own business after graduation.
13) What if he goes home before us and can't get in? What will he do then? 14) I began to tire of the job of a night watch one week after I was hired.
第三部分 翻译（P82-85） 第一小题（P82） 1) To become a famous writer (成为一个著名作家), Mary studied very hard, though she knew clearly the study of writing would require years of sacrifice on her part.
2) When traveling, you are advised to take traveler's checks (带上旅行支票), which provides a secure alternative to carrying your money in cash.
3) The seemingly simple decision to employ a young engineer (聘用一位年轻的工程师) caused a heated argument among us.
4) It seems that oil has been leaking from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart (把机器拆开) to put it right.
5) To understand the situation completely (完全理解形势) requires more thought than has been given thus far.
6) On leaving school, he became an office boy and, with no ambition to rise higher in position (再升高地位), he simply wasted his time.
7) He arrived at the railway station in a hurry only to find that the train had left 10 minutes before (发现火车已经在10分钟前开走了).
8) Your first contact with an employer will be either to apply for a known job opening (申请一个已知的空缺岗位) or to find out if any jobs are available. 9) There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means to make trouble (找麻烦).
10) To be more exact (更确切地说), there are 100 night schools in the city, making it possible for a professional to be reeducated no matter what he does.
第二小题（P84） 1) 他试图拯救这家濒临倒闭的企业，但失败了。 (attempt to)
He attempted to save the enterprise which was on the verge of collapse but failed.
2) 总统已经宣布，在第一个任期结束时不再谋求连任。 (seek)
The president has announced that he will not seek re-election at the end of his first term.
3) 那个年轻教师在激发学生努力学习方面很有技巧。 (motivate)
The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard. 4) 她喜欢举行社交聚会，只要能找到借口，她就随时举办。 (find an excuse)
She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse. 5) 要在这家公司找到一个管理职位，你恐怕至少要和50个人竞争。(compete with)
I'm afraid that you'll have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company.
6) 他们把自己的生活搞得一团糟的一个主要原因就是他们年轻时没有接受很好的学校教育。(mess up their lives)
One of the main reasons why they have messed up their lives is that they did not have a good school education when young.
7) 玛丽已经很出名了，但是她根本不幸福，因为她一直被更加出名的念头困扰着。(be obsessed with)
Mary is already famous, but she is not happy at all because she's been obsessed with thoughts of becoming even more famous.
8) 随着科技的发展，人们现在能够轻易而举地获得教育、医疗和其他多种信息。(have access to)
With the development of science and technology, people now can have easy access to educational, medical and many other kinds of information.
9) 公司的投资之所以以失败告终是由于总经理的决策错误，于是董事会(board of directors)决定把他从公司赶出去。 (throw out)
The company's investment ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out. 10) 我知道你累了，不过再坚持一会儿吧。再过半个小时我们就要到达顶峰了。 (hang on; peak)
I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will reach the peak in half an hour.
第三小题（P85） 许多人都想出名，因为声誉能带给他们公众的赞扬和敬意。在大多数情况下，声誉还会帮助名人获取财富。可是，真正能够成名的人毕竟是少数，而大多数人，包括大多数艺术家，出名的可能性都不大。
诚然，有些人在一生中某些时刻遭遇的失败的确能激发他们更加努力奋斗，从而取得最终成功。譬如，美国发明家托马斯·爱迪生在发明电灯泡时，就是在尝试了几百种材料之后才最终找到适用于灯泡的熔丝(fuse)的。然而，遗憾的是，对于大多数人来说，失败往往就是他们奋斗的结束。
所以，在我看来，成功是一回事，出名是另一回事。不管你是否出名，只要你尽力了，你就算成功了。
Many people want to be famous because fame can bring them both honor and respect from the public. In most cases, fame can also help them gain wealth. But, after all, very few people can really become famous while most people, including most artists, are unlikely to become famous.
It is true that some failure for some people at certain times in their lives does motivate them to strive even harder so as to achieve final success. For example, Thomas Edison, the famous American inventor, had tried hundreds of materials before he finally found the suitable fuse for the electric bulb. However, unfortunately, for most people failure is the end of their struggle. Therefore, in my opinion, success is one thing and fame is another. As long as you have tried your best, you're already successful whether you are famous or not.
第四单元WORK AND CAREER
一．TEXTA（P90-93） 课文翻译：
工作、劳动和玩耍 威斯坦?H?奥登
1 就我所知，汉娜 ?阿伦特小姐是界定工作和劳动之间本质区别的第一人。一个人要想快乐，第一要有自由感，第二要确信自己有价值。如果社会迫使一个人去做他自己不喜欢的事，或者说，他所喜欢做的事被社会忽视，看作没有价值或不重要，那他就不会真正快乐。在一个严格意义上已废除奴隶制的社会里，一个人做的事情是否具有社会价值取决于他是否为完成此项工作得到了报酬。然而，今天的劳动者可以被称为名副其实的工资奴隶。如果社会给一个人提供一份他本人不感兴趣的工作，他出于养家糊口的需要不得已才从事这项工作，那这个人就是一个劳动者。
2 与劳动相对的是玩耍。玩游戏时，我们能从中得到乐趣，否则就不会玩这个游戏。但这完全是一种私人的活动，我们玩不玩这个游戏社会是不会关注的。
3 处在劳动和玩耍之间的是工作。如果一个人对社会为他支付报酬的工作感兴趣，他就是一个工作者。从社会角度看是必需的劳动在他自己看来却是自愿的玩耍。一个职位是劳动还是工作，并不取决于这个职位本身，而是取决于占据这个职位的个人自己的情趣。这种差异与体力劳动和脑力劳动之间的差异并不吻合。譬如，一个园丁或者皮匠也许就是一个工作者，而一个银行职员则可能是一个劳动者。一个人是工作者还是劳动者可以从他对闲暇的态度上看出来。对于一个工作者来说，闲暇不过是他需要放松、休息从而进行有效工作的几个小时，所以，他可能只有少量的闲暇，而不会有大量的空闲。工作者可能会死于心脏病，并会忘记自己妻子的生日。而对于劳动者来说，闲暇就意味着摆脱强制，所以，他自然会想象：他不得不花费在劳动上的时间越少，而自由自在地玩耍的时间越多，那才越好。
4 在一个现代化的技术社会里，总人口中有多大比例的人能够像我一样有幸成为工作者呢？我估计大概有16％，而且，我认为这个数字将来也不会增加。