C. formal English D. slang
17. In the sentence ―this is the face that has changed the future of the world‖, a(n) ______ is used.
A. metaphor B. metonymy C. synecdoche D. analogy
18. In the following poem ―All the world’s a stage, / And all the men and women mere players, /They have their exits and entrances‖, what figure of speech is used?
A. simile B. hyperbole C. metaphor C. personification
19. Which of the following is an example of grammatical collocation?
A. lift an embargo B. commit suicide C. avoid doing D. sound asleep
20. Some puns are based on ______.
A. synonymy B. hyponymy C. homonymy D. antonymy
II. Judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the textbook. (20 points)
21. According to modern lexicology, the minimal meaningful unit of a language is word.
22. The same phrase can be either a free phrase or an idiom, depending on the meaning and context.
23. The word ―teacher‖ is a transparent word.
24. The development of American English was plain sailing. In other words, the attitudes of both British and Americans towards American English were always positive.
25. An idiom composed of ―noun + and + noun‖ is always nominal in nature.
26. Written English is always formal, while oral English is always informal.
27. When you want to express your sympathy towards somebody whose grandfather has just died, it’s proper for you to say ―I am very sorry that your grandpa has kicked the bucket.‖
28. In the word ―snatch‖, the sound sequence ―sn‖ can be associated with ―quick movement‖. This is an example of ―primary onomatopoeia‖.
29. ―V.O.A.‖ is an acronym because it is formed from the initial letters of words and pronounced as letters. T
30. In English, the word ―edit‖ is created by the deletion of the supposed suffix ―or‖ in the word ―editor‖. This process is called affixation. F
31. In the sentence ―it is possible that the local court will find for him‖, the phrase ―find for‖ is an idiom.
32. In terms of spelling, ―honour‖ is American English, and ―honor‖ is British English.
33. In English, absolute antonyms are more numerous than relative synonyms.
34. The central meaning of a word is always its primary meaning.
35. The use of ―the Kremlin‖ for Russian government is called metonymy.
36. The word ―sanctuary‖ originally meant ―sacred place‖, and later it is used to refer to ―any place where refuge is provided‖. This process of semantic change is called specialization.
37. In terms of diction, the sentence ―penalties for overdue books will be strictly enforced‖ is written English.
38. One of the differences between American English and British English lies in the form of subjunctive mood. For example, the sentence ―I move that Mr. Smith be appointed Secretary‖ is British English, while ―I move that Mr. Smith should be appointed Secretary‖ is American English.
39. In the group of words of ―black, red, yellow and color‖, ―color‖ is the superordinate, and ―black, red, yellow‖ are the subordinates, or hyponyms.
40. Modern English lexicology belongs to general lexicology.
III. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10 points)
41. A foreign language learner’s vocabulary can be divided into active vocabulary and ____________ vocabulary.
42. Most of the English native words are of ____________ origin.
43. The first authoritative English dictionary is called ____________, which was compiled by Johnson.
44. ―ISBN‖, which stands for ____________, is an initialism often seen the in back cover of a book.
45. Small words have two features, that is, a ____________ of meanings and functions as well as flexibility of usage.
46. There are two types of collocations in English, that is, ____________ collocation and lexical collocation.
47. Old English is a ____________ language, while modern English is mainly an analytic language.
48. The variants of the same morpheme are called ____________.
49. ____________ is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.
50. ____________ refers to the phenomenon that the same word has two or more different meanings.
IV. Correct the linguistic errors in the following statements with the help of your English-English dictionary. Each statement contains only ONE error. (10 points)
51. He can’t find a good job because he lacks of skills. 52. His theory based on a lot of data. 53. He has the ability of repairing computers. 54. She concerns her son’s safety.