[1] Box’s research is important because the fires of 2012 may not be a one-time phenomenon. [2] According to scientists, rising Arctic temperatures are making
northern latitudes greener and thus more fire prone.[3] The pattern Box observed in 2012 may repeat 21itself again, with harmful effects on the Arctic ecosystem. [4] Box is currently organizing an expedition to gather this crucial information. [5] The next step for Box and his team is to travel to Greenland to perform direct sampling of the ice in order to determine just how much the soot is contributing to the melting of the ice sheet. [6] Members of the public will be able to track his team’s progress—and even help fund the expedition—through a website Box has created. 22
12.
Which choice most accurately and effectively represents the information in the graph?
A) NO CHANGE
B) to 12 degrees Fahrenheit.
C) to their lowest point on December 13.
D) to 10 degrees Fahrenheit and stay there for months. 13.
Which choice most effectively combines the two sentences at the underlined portion?
A) summer, following
B) summer, and this thawing follows C) summer, and such thawing follows D) summer and this evidence follows 14.
A) NO CHANGE B) However, C) As such, D) Moreover, 15.
A) NO CHANGE
B)Box an associate professor of geology at Ohio State,
C)Box, an associate professor of geology at Ohio State, D)Box, an associate professor of geology, at Ohio State 16.
A) NO CHANGE B)thaw; and it was C)thaw: D)thaw: being 17.
A) NO CHANGE B) soot C) of which
D) DELETE the underlined portion. 18.
A) NO CHANGE B) falls C) will fall D) had fallen 19.
A) NO CHANGE B) its C) there D) their 20.
Which choice best completes the description of a self-reinforcing cycle? A) NO CHANG
B) Eraises the surface temperature.
C) begins to cool at a certain point. D) leads to additional melting. 21.
A) NO CHANGE B) itself,
C) itself, with damage and D) itself possibly,
22.To make this paragraph most logical, sentence 4 should be placed A) where it is now. B) after sentence 1. C) after sentence 2. D) after sentence 5.
Questions 23-33 are based on the following passage. Coworking: A Creative Solution
When I left my office job as a website developer at a small company for a position that allowed me to work full-time from home, I thought I had it made: I gleefully traded in my suits and dress shoes for sweatpants and slippers, my frantic early-morning bagged lunch packing for a leisurely midday trip to my refrigerator. The novelty of this comfortable work-from-home life, however, 23 soon got worn off quickly. Within a month, I found myself feeling isolated despite having frequent email and instant messaging contact with my colleagues. Having become frustrated trying to solve difficult problems, 24 no colleagues were nearby to share ideas. It was during this time that I read an article 25into coworking spaces. The article, published by Forbes magazine, explained that coworking spaces are designated locations that, for a fee, individuals can use to conduct their work. The spaces are usually stocked with standard office 26equipment, such as photocopiers, printers, and fax machines. 27In these locations, however, the spaces often include small meeting areas and larger rooms for hosting presentations. 28The cost of launching a new coworking business in the United States is estimated to be approximately $58,000. What most caught my interest, though, was a quotation from someone who described coworking spaces as “melting pots of creativity.” The article refers to a 2012 survey in which 2964 percent of respondents noted that coworking spaces prevented them from completing tasks in a given time. The article goes on to suggest that the most valuable resources provided by coworking spaces are actually the people 30whom use them.
[1] Thus, even though I already had all the equipment I needed in my home office, I decided to try using a coworking space in my city. [2] Because I was specifically interested in coworking’s reported benefits related to creativity, I chose a facility that offered a bright, open work area where I wouldn’t be isolated.[3] Throughout the morning, more people appeared.[4] Periods of quiet, during which everyone worked independently, were broken up occasionally with lively conversation. 31
I liked the experience so much that I now go to the coworking space a few times a week. Over time, I’ve gotten to know several of my coworking 32colleagues: another website developer, a graphic designer, a freelance writer, and several mobile app coders. Even those of us who work in disparate fields are able to 33share advice and help each other brainstorm. In fact, it’s the diversity of their talents and experiences that makes my coworking colleagues so valuable. 23.
A) NO CHANGE B) was promptly C) worn promptly D) wore wore 24.
A) NO CHANGE
B) colleagues were important for sharing ideas. C) ideas couldn’t be shared with colleagues. D) I missed having colleagues nearby to consult. 25.
A) NO CHANGE B) about C) upon D) for 26.
A) NO CHANGE
B) equipment, such as: C) equipment such as: D) equipment, such as, 27.
A) NO CHANGE
B) In addition to equipment, C) For these reasons, D) Likewise,
28.The writer is considering deleting the underlined sentence. Should the sentence be kept or deleted?
A) Kept, because it provides a detail that supports the main topic of the paragraph.
B) Kept, because it sets up the main topic of the paragraph that follows. C) Deleted, because it blurs the paragraph’s main focus with a loosely related detail.
D) Deleted, because it repeats information that has been provided in an earlier paragraph.
29.At this point, the writer wants to add specific information that supports the main topic of the paragraph.