深圳小学小升初英语总复习四:形容词副词比较级最高级

2019-03-15 22:14

形容词和副词的比较级、最高级

Part Ⅰ、复习上节课内容(课后作业讲解)

Part Ⅱ、精讲精练 ((典型例题 方法指导)

第6讲 形容词副词

形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 (Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs)

I. 形容词比较级和最高级的形式 一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成

构 成 法 ① 一般单音节词末尾加-er 和 -est ② 单音节词如果以-e结尾,只加-r 和-st ③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母, 须先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er和-est 原 级 strong strange sad big hot 比 较 级 stronger stranger sadder bigger hotter angrier cleverer narrower nobler 最 高 级 strongest strangest saddest biggest hottest angriest cleverest narrowest noblest ④ 少数以-y, -er(或-ure), -ow, -ble结尾的双音节词, angry 末尾加-er和-est clever (以-y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母, 把y变成i,narrow 再加-er和-est, noble 以-e结尾的词仍加-r和-st) ⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most

二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式

原 级 good / well bad / ill many / much little few far better worse more less farther / further 1

difficult more difficult most difficult 比 较 级 best 最 高 级 worst most least farthest / furthest

II. 副词比较级和最高级的形式

副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。 一、一般副词

hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest late→later →latest early→earlier →earliest 二、特殊副词

well →better →best much →more →most badly →worse →worst little →less →least 三、开放类副词

开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est,而应在副词原形前加more或most。如:quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly

III. 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

一、比较级

1.比较级通常由 “形容词(副词)比较级+than+…” 构成,表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。

连词than后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构,有时也可省去than。如:

Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。(形容词和系词连用) He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。(副词修饰行为动词)

2.注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如:

The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than it did for us. Sound travels faster through water than through air.

3. 比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰,表示“……得多”,“甚至……”, “更……”,“……一些”等意思。如:

Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。

用“…times + 形容词的比较级 + than…”句式表示倍数;用“表示数量的词 + 比较级”来表示具体的比较差别。如:

Our room is twice larger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的大两倍。 He is a head taller than I. 他比我高一头。

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4.隐含比较级

1)有时比较级并不一定出现than,这时通过上下文可暗示出。如: Are you feeling better now? 你现在感觉好些了吗? 2)有些形容词在表示比较的时候,跟“to”而不用“than”。如: prior to 较早的,较重要的 superior to优越,高于 inferior to 下等的,次的 senior to 年长的,地位高的 junior to年幼的,地位低的,迟的 preferable to 更好的

The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。 In maths he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。 He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。

Health without riches is preferable to riches without health. 贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。

二、最高级

1.最高级用于三者以上比较,形容词的结构形式是“定冠词+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短

语或从句” (如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等)。如: Of all of the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely known. 2.副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。如:

He runs fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。

3.当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围,作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类

人或物,并把主语包括在内时,用介词of;如不属于同一类人或物,而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时,用介词in。如:

He is the tallest of the four boys. ( He 与boy属同类) He is the tallest in our class. ( He与 class不属同类)

4.可以用原级,比较级,最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如:

She is the best student in her class.

She is better than any other student in her class. No other student in her class is better than she. No other student in her class is as good as she.

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形容词练习

1.写出下列形容词的比较级及最高级形式。

1.nice 2. hot 3. slow 4. late 5. happy 6.fat 7.heavy 9.far 10.wide 11.good/well 12.beautiful 13.bad/ill 14.much/many 15.clever 16.important 8.thin

2.将下列各组单词重新排序.使构成有意义地词组。

1. fat, the, cat, white_____________________________________ 2. Olympics, green, a, great____________________________________ 3. expensive, that, jacket, brown_________________________________ 4.an, book., interesting, thick_________________________________ 5. round, three, plates, yellow___________________________________

3.根据括号中的形容词.用as…as…或than写出表示比较的句子。 1. I weigh 48 kilograms(公斤)and my brother weighs 52 kilograms.(heavy)

_______________________________________________________________ 2. My ring costs 100 yuan and your ring costs 2000 yuan.(expensive)

_______________________________________________________________ 3. This pool is 20 meters long and that pool is 30 meters long.(long)

________________________________________________________________ 4. There are twenty-one boys and sixteen girls in our class.(large)

________________________________________________________________ 5. Andy ’s mother and father are both 36 years old.(old)

_________________________________________________________________

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副词练习

1.把下列形容词变成副词

1.good 2. bad 3. easy 4.happy 5.loud 6.slow 7.deep 8.careful 9.sad 10.quiet 11.angry 12.real

13.correct 14.honest 15.clear 16.quick 17.lucky 18.heavy

2.写出下列副词的反义词

1.late 2.after 3.less 4.always 5.better 6.fast 7.dangerously 8.weakly

3.根据中文意思.连词成句.注意副词的位置和顺序

1.莉莉每天七点起床。(at. every day. Lily. gets up. seven o’clock) __________________________________________________________ 2.刚才他飞快地跑上楼去了。(he. ran. just now. fast. upstairs) __________________________________________________________

3.我妹妹每天早上都会在花园里愉快的唱歌。(sings. in the garden. my sister. every morning. happily) ___________________________________________________________ 4.这个女孩来自美国华盛顿。(the. Washington. comes from. USA. girl) ____________________________________________________________

5.他们星期天在公园玩的很开心。(on Sunday. played. they. in the park. happily) ___________________________________________________________

Part Ⅳ、课后作业「consolidation homework工作纸、测试卷」

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