relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.
Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.
To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.
To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.
Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.
While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.
74. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder ______. A. brings the patient a lot of sufferings
B. allows the patient to absorb useless things C. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrients
D. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder 75. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs ______. A. worked perfectly as long as three months B. did not work properly until after a month
C. proved to be able to work for several years
D. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks 76. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made? A. Human bladders may well be different from dogs’. B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies. C. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.
D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings. 77. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The history of making artificial bladders. B. The way of turning intestines into bladders. C. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.
D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells. Section C
Britain’s youngest iPad addict(有瘾的人) hasn’t even started school yet. That’s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.
高三英语 共10页 第6页
Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought after the girl’s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.
Dr. Richard Graham, the girl’s psychiatrist(精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”
According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reach of infants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”
“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes of iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level of maturity to deal with such advanced technology. They can’t cope and become addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow older, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.
The UK’s first technology addiction programme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It’s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device. Motivation for creating the treatment programme came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.
Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents ￡1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________. 79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?
80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch the UK’s first technology addiction programme?
81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should __________ ____________________________________________.
第Ⅱ卷（共47分）
I. Translation
1. 应该允许孩子们表达他们自己的想法。(allow) 2. 只有通过提高效率，这个工厂才会赢利更多。(Only)
3. 这位专家的建议是学校应该努力提高学生们的健康意识。(suggestion) 4. 在上下班高峰时间，倘若你不想陷入交通堵塞，何不尝试乘坐地铁？(try) 5. 在各种新的网络语层出不穷的时代，如果你不知道这些网络语就会落伍。(emerge)
高三英语 共10页 第7页
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷
高三英语
II. Grammar and Vocabulary（共26分。每小题1分。）
25. helping/having helped 30. was seized 35. the most attractive 40. have never had 41. K 42. J 43. D
26. why
31. as 36. an 44. A
27. how 32. could 37. It
28. trying 33. locked 38. to make 48. G
49. I
29. where 34. although 39. that 50.F
45. B 46. H 47. C
III. Reading Comprehension（共47分。第51至65小题，每题1分；第66至77小题，每
题2分；第78至81小题，每题2分。） 51. B
52. D
53. A
54. C 55. A
65. C
74. B
75. D
56. B
57. D
58. C
59. D
60. C
61. A 62. A
63. B 64. B
66. B 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. D 71. C 72. B 73. B 76. A 77. D
78. the harm done by iPads to young children
79. Because they are too young to handle such advanced technology. 80. His concern over the compulsive qualities of games on iPads. 81. keep iPads and similar devices beyond the reach of infants
I. Translation（共22分）
1. Children should be allowed to express their own ideas. (2+2) 2. Only by improving the efficiency can the factory make more profits. (2+2) 3. The expert’s suggestion is that schools should raise students’ awareness of health. (1+1+2)
4. If you don’t want to be caught in the traffic jam in rush hours, why don’t you try taking the subway? (2+1+2)
5. In the age when a variety of new Internet languages keep emerging, you will fall behind if you don’t know them. (1+1+1+1+1)
高三英语 共10页 第8页