克拉玛依职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）
克拉玛依职业技术学院
毕业论文
题 目 混凝沉降法对废水处理的实验研究 学 号 11031249 学 生 鲍海博 班 级 石化1131 指导教师 高荔 完成日期 2014-6-5
克拉玛依职业技术学院制
二○一四年六月
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克拉玛依职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）
混凝沉淀法对选矿废水处理的实验研究
摘要：选矿废水中含有各种有害的悬浮物、金属离子等，若直接排放，将对环境造成严重污染。因此，选矿废水处理是选矿工业中不可缺少的环节。本实验以聚合氯化铝与聚丙烯酰胺混凝剂联合使用的方法对废水进行处理实验研究。采用单因素分析方法确定各因素最优范围，按照正交实验确定了非离子型聚丙烯酰胺用量0.5ml、聚合氯化铝用量22mL、沉降时间5min、pH值6.7，则可使处理污水透射比达到57.86%。出水水质分析表明，聚合氯化铝和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺联合使用的出水水质要比单一使用聚合氯化铝的出水水质要好，达到了工业排放和回用要求。
关键词：废水 单因素 正交试验 混凝剂
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克拉玛依职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON TREATMENT OF
BENEFICIATION
WASTEWATER BY COAGULATION AND SEDIMENTATION
METHOD
ABSTRACT
Abstract: containing mineral processing reagents, various harmful suspended matter, metal ions concentration in the waste water, if the direct emissions, will cause serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, ore dressing wastewater treatment is an indispensable link in the mineral processing industry. Methods in this experiment, polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide coagulants used for processing experimental study on Chengde Shuangluan district a mineral processing wastewater. Using single factor analysis method to determine the optimal range of each factor, according to orthogonal experiment to determine the non-ionic polyacrylamide dosage 0.5ml, polymerization aluminum chloride dosage 22mL, settling time 5min, pH value 6.7, can make the treatment of sewage transmission ratio reaches 57.86%. Analysis showed that water quality, better effluent quality polyaluminium chloride and non-ionic polyacrylamide combined use than single use of polyaluminium chloride water quality, achieve industrial discharge and reuse requirements.
KEY WORDS: beneficiation wastewater single factor orthogonal test coagulant
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克拉玛依职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）
目录
1 前言 ............................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.1选矿废水的特点及危害 ................................................................................................................... 5 1.2选矿废水的处理方法 ....................................................................................................................... 5
1.2.1混凝沉淀法 .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.2.2酸碱废水中和处理法 .......................................................................................................... 7 1.2.3化学氧化法 ............................................................................................................................ 8 1.2.4人工湿地法 .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.2.5吸附法 ................................................................................................................................ 10 1.3课题研究的意义及内容 ................................................................................................................. 11 2实验部分 .................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.1选矿废水 ......................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2实验仪器 ......................................................................................................................................... 12 2.3实验试剂 ......................................................................................................................................... 12 2.4实验原理 ......................................................................................................................................... 12
2.4.1聚合氯化铝（PAC）沉降原理 .......................................................................................... 12 2.4.2聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）沉降原理 .......................................................................................... 13 2.5试验内容 ......................................................................................................................................... 13 2.6试验方法 ......................................................................................................................................... 13
2.6.1配制试剂 ............................................................................................................................ 13
2.6.1.1浊度测定实验试剂配制 ........................................................................................ 13 2.6.1.2絮凝沉降实验试剂配制 ........................................................................................ 15 2.6.2实验步骤 ............................................................................................................................ 15
2.6.2.1自然沉降法 ............................................................................................................... 15 2.6.2.2絮凝沉降法 ............................................................................................................ 15
3 实验结果与讨论 ....................................................................................................................................... 16
3.1自然沉降与混凝沉降法处理污水的考察 ..................................................................................... 16 3.2聚丙烯酰胺和聚合氯化铝联合使用的混凝沉降法对选矿废水的处理研究 ............................. 16
3.2.1单因素考察方法 ................................................................................................................ 17
3.2.1.1聚合氯化铝(PAC)对加量对透射比和出水率的影响 ............................................. 17 3.2.1.2聚丙烯酰胺加量对透射比和出水率的影响 ........................................................... 17 3.2.1.3沉降时间对透射比和出水率的影响 ....................................................................... 18 3.2.1.4 pH值对透射比和出水率的影响 .......................................................................... 19 3.2.2 正交设计实验 ................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.2.1 直观分析法 .............................................................................................................. 21 3.2.2.2 方差分析法 ........................................................................................................... 24
4 结论 ........................................................................................................................................................... 31
参考文献 ............................................................................................................................................... 32 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................................. 34
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克拉玛依职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）
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