They requested financial support.
注意：这个词所接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气 I requested that he (should) come an hour earlier. B ) n: asking or being asked
eg. Mr. Paine made a request that I should help him. 7.command
a)vt: give orders to
eg. I command you to start at once.
注意：这个词所接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气 I command that you (should) start at once. b) n: order
eg. The army received the command to fire. 8．Actually adv
eg. She looks young, but she's actually 50.
Did you actually see him break the window?
9．International adj: of relating to or involving two or more countries in the world 国际的 eg. They are dealing with the international affairs.
Many African countries received international help. 10.modern adj: recent
eg. This is a book of modern history. There is a modern hospital.
11. vocabulary n: all the words of language eg. Wide reading will increase your vocabulary. My English vocabulary is limited. 12.rapidly adv: quickly
eg. Our country develops rapidly.
The number of learning English is increasing rapidly. 13.retell v: tell something once more
eg. Can you retell the story in your own word? The teacher asked you to retell it.
14.recognize v: to identify from previous experience
eg. He looked at the envelope and recognized Jenny's handwriting immediately. The policeman recognized her as a thief.
15. government n: group which govern a country or a certain area eg. The government will decide the matter. The government is discussing the problem.
Useful expressions
1.play a part/ role in: to act or to be involved in an activity
eg. He has played an important part in carrying out the whole plan. English plays an important role in international communication. 2. because of：by reason of sb or sth eg. Because of the storm he didn't go there.
because of 与because 的区别，前者后接名词或代词，后者接句子
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eg. He didn’t go to school because he was ill. He didn’t go to school because of his illness. 3．come up
eg. She came up and said, \The moon came up gradually.
I'll let him know if anything comes up. 4. such as: like; for example
eg. I like drinks such as tea and coffee.
such as 与for example 的区别，前者用来罗列事物或人后者用来举例说明 eg. English is also spoken in many places, such as Africa and Asia. For example, Tom has the same opinion.
Unit 3 Travel Journal
Word usage
1.fare n. 费用
1) How much is the air fare to Beijing? 2) a single/one-way fare 单程票价 2.transport n.& vt. 运输;运送
transport from…to 从??运输到
1) The transport of vegetables from the farm to the market takes only half an hour. 2) The yellow bus transport passengers from the airport to the city.
3.persuade vt. 说服, 劝服 persuade sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做 persuade sb. not to do = persuade sb. out of sth./doing 说服某人别做,劝阻某人做 persuade sb. of sth. = persuade sb. + that?使某人相信
1) The salesman persuaded us to buy/into buying his product.
2) The hunter persuaded us not to walk/ out of walking through the thick forest alone. 3) He tried to persuade me of his honesty. = He tried to persuade me that he was honest. 4.insist vt. 坚持,坚决主张
insist on/ upon doing 坚决做,坚持做 insist on one’s doing 坚持要某人做 insist that 坚持认为;坚持说
1) She insisted on / upon (our) going to Beijing by air as it was more comfortable. 2) We insisted that father (should) give up smoking for the good of his own health. 5. proper adj.恰当的,正确的
properly adv. = in a proper way be proper for 对?? 恰当合适
It is proper for sb. to do = It is proper that?某人做某事是妥当的 behave properly 举止有礼 properly speaking严格地说
1) Is it proper for you to wear a cap while eating? = Is it proper that you should wear a cap while eating? 2) It is not proper to be late for a dinner party. 6. determine v. 决定,决心,确定
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determine to do 决定做
determine sb. to do 使某人下决心做 be determined to do 决心做
1) He firmly determined to rise in the world whatever it took. 2) She determined that she would never see him again. 3) She was determined to go to university. 7. change one’s mind 改变主意
1) Once he has made up his mind, nothing can be done to change his mind. 2) make up one’s mind 某人下定决心
8. at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔??米处 1) The plane is flying at a height/ altitude of 10000 feet. 9. give in
give in to sb. 向某人让步, 屈服于某人
1) The mother gave in and bought a toy for her child. 2) He had to give in to my views.
Unit 4 Earthquakes
Word usage
1.shake
1)v. (shook, shaken) to (cause to) move up and down or from side to side with quick short movements.
2) n. [C usually sing.] an act of shaking
The house shook when the earthquake started. Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.
He came forward and shook me by the hand. =He came forward and shook hands with me. He was shaking with anger.
She answered “no” with a shake of the head.
2. rise 1) vi. (rose, risen) to move from a lower to a higher level or position; go up
2) n. [C (in)] an increase in quantity, price, demand etc. The sun has not yet risen.
The population of the city has risen to five million. He rose and left the room.
There will be a rise in unemployment next year. There’s been a sharp rise in the cost of living.
2.pond n. an area of still water smaller than a lake, especially one that has been artificially made
Some cattle were drinking at the pond. There are some fish living in the pond.
When an earthquake is coming, fish will jump out of ponds.
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3.burst
1) v. to (cause to ) break open or break apart suddenly and violently, usually as a
result of pressure from within and often cause the contents to become widely scattered.
2) n. an act of result of bursting; (of) a sudden short period of great activity, loud noise, strong feeling; outbreak The balloon burst.
After ten days of rain the river burst its banks.
A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.
4. canal n. an artificial stretch of water dug in the ground to allow ships or boats to travel along it, or to bring water to or remove water from an area Coal used to be sent here by canal.
Canals have been built to irrigate the desert. The Panama Canal joins two oceans.
5.steam n. [U] 1) water in the state gas produced by boiling
2) power or effort produced by steam under pressure, and used for making things work or move Who invented the steam engine?
Steam was used to be the power of a train. There is steam bursting from that hole.
6.ruin 1. n.
a) [U] the cause or state of destruction and decay
b) [C] a building that has been badly damaged or destroyed
2. vt. a) to spoil or completely destroy a person or thing
b) to cause someone to loss all their money The temple has fallen into ruin. We visited the ruins of the temple. The heavy rain ruined our holiday.
The hurricane ruined all the houses here. The flood ruined the crops.
If I lose my lawsuit(官司), the cost will ruin me.
7.injure vt. to cause physical harm to (a person or animal), especially in an accident; hurt seriously; to damage
I hope I didn't injure her feelings. His back was injured.
Two people were killed and seven were injured.
His reputation will be badly injured by the vicious rumour.
8.destroy vt. to damage sth so severely that it can not be repaired; put an end to the existence of; ruin
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A fire destroyed the house.
What he said destroyed our last hope.
All hopes of peaceful settlement were destroyed by his speech.
9.brick n. [C,U]
1) a hard piece of baked clay used for building 2) sth. in the shape of a brick
They used yellow bricks to build the house. The tower is made of bricks.
Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.
10. useless adj. not of any use This knife is so blunt. It’s useless.
I realized it was useless to reason with him. I was useless at maths. = My maths is very poor.
11. shock
1) n. a) [C, U] a violent force from sth such as explosion, a crash or a hard blow
b) [C, U] the feeling you get after sth unexpected and usually very unpleasant has suddenly happened, or you have received an unexpected piece of news
c) the poor medical condition of someone who has an accident and whose heart and lungs are not working properly
2) v. to make someone feel very upset, angry, or unpleasant Earthquake shocks are often felt in Japan. The news of his death was a shock to us.
The traffic accident sent him into a state of shock. They were shocked by her rudeness. We were shocked by his sudden death.
12. rescue v. to save someone or sth from harm or danger He rescued three children from the burning building.
The life boat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship. The boy was rescued after hours at sea.
13. disaster n. [C,U] a sudden event causes great loss or harm We were all shocked by the disaster.
The earthquake is one of the worst natural disasters the country has ever suffered. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
14. organize v. to plan and arrange an event; to arrange things in a sensible order We'll organize an oral English contest. The story is very well organized.
They organized the truckers into a union.
15. shelter
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