厦门船舶重工股份有限公司
XiaMen Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd. 年 5 月 20 日 第 1 版 / 第 0 次修改 2012 12.1.4 Test verifying of instrument and probe. 12.1.5距离-波幅曲线的制作。
12.1.5 Execution of distance amplitude curve. 12.2耦合剂 Coupling matter
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（UT）工艺规程 XSI/QMD-NDT-UT-01 采用机油、浆糊、甘油、浆糊和水等透声性好，且不损伤检测表面的耦合剂。
Using the coupling matter with good sound penetration and harmless to the surface as oil, glycerin, paste, paste and water etc.
12.3探测频率和探头K值的选择
12.3 Selection of detection frequency and probe K value 12.3．1探测频率的选择按表4进行选择
12.3.1 Selection of detection frequency is according to table 4.
表4 探测频率的选择 Table 4 Selection of detection frequency
母材厚度（mm） ≤20 ＞20~75 >75 12.3.2探头K值的选择 Selection of probe K value 探测频率MHz 2.5~5 2~5 2~4 探头K值的选择应能使主声束覆盖整个焊缝检测区, 条件允许时，应尽量采用较大K值探头。
The probe K value should be selected to make the main beam of sound to cover the whole weld inspection area, when conditions permit, should as far as possible using larger K probe.
条件允许时，T接头焊缝检测应分别使用直探头和斜探头扫查。
When conditions permit, straight and oblique probe should be used separately in T joint weld inspection.
⑴平板对接焊缝斜探头K值的选择按表5进行选择；
⑴ The selection of K value of oblique probe in plate butt weld inspection is shown in table 5.
⑵ T接头焊缝斜探头K值的选择按表6进行选择。
⑵The selection of K value of oblique probe in T joint weld inspection is shown in table 6. 12.4检测覆盖率 Coverage rate of detection
检测时，探头的每次扫查覆盖率应大于探头直径的10%。
Each scanning coverage rate should be more than 10% of the diameter of probe in inspection.
12.5探头的移动速度 Probe’s moving speed
探头的扫查速度不应超过150mm/s。当采用自动报警装置扫查时，不受此限。
The probe’s scanning speed should not exceed 150mm/s.When use automatic alarm device to scan, is not subject to this restriction.
12.6扫查灵敏度 Scanning sensitivity 扫查灵敏度至少比基准灵敏度高6dB。
Scanning sensitivity is 6dB higher than the baseline sensitivity at least. 12.7母材的检验 Base material inspection
斜探头扫查声束通过的母材区域，应先用直探头检测，以便检测是否有影响斜探头检测结果的分层或其它种类缺陷存在。母村检测的规程要点如下：
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XiaMen Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd. 年 5 月 20 日 第 1 版 / 第 0 次修改 2012 无损检测
（UT）工艺规程 XSI/QMD-NDT-UT-01 The base material area that oblique probe’s scanning acoustic beam pass through, should be inspected by straight probe, in order to detect whether there have stratification or other types of defects that influence the oblique probe test results. The standards gists of base material inspection are shown as follows: 表5平板对接焊缝斜探头K值的选择
Table 5 The selection of K value of oblique probe in plate butt weld inspection.
表6 T接头焊缝斜探头K值的选择
Table 6 The selection of K value of oblique probe in T joint weld inspection. 腹板厚度（mm） ≤20 探测面 腹板单面单侧 腹板单面单侧 探测方法 折射角（K值） 70°、60°（K2.5、K2.0、K1.5） 60°、45°（K2.0、K1.5、K1.0） 60°、45°（K2.0、K1.5、K1.0） 70°、60°（K2.5、K2.0、K1.5） 60°、45°（K2.0、K1.5、K1.0） 70°、60°（K2.5、K2.0、K1.5） 直射法和一次反射法 70°（K2.5、K2.0） 直射法和一次反射法 直射法 直射法和一次反射法 直射法 直射法和一次反射法 直射法 ＞20~50 面板外单面双侧 腹板单面单侧 ＞50~100 面板外单面双侧 腹板双面单侧 >100 面板外单面双侧 12.7.1检测板厚不大于20mm的母材，采用5MHz的双晶直探头；检测板厚大于20mm的
母材，采用2-5MHz的单晶直探头。探头晶片直径为10mm-20mm。
12.7.1 Dual-crystal straight probe of 5MHz is used to inspect base material that thickness is less than 20mm; single crystal straight probe of 2-5MHz is used to inspect base material that thickness is more than 20mm. The probe wafer diameter is 10mm-20mm.
12.7.2调节时基线，至少显示两次底波。
12.7.2 Adjust time baseline to show two bottom waves at least.
12.7.3双晶直探头调节检测灵敏度，将无缺陷的一次底波调到满屏刻度的50%，再提高10dB作为检测灵敏度。
12.7.3 Adjust the primary bottom wave of no defects to 50% of full screen graduation, then improve 10dB as the detection sensitivity of dual-crystal straight probe.
12.7.4单晶直探头调节灵敏度，将无缺陷处的二次底波调到满屏刻度的100%。
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XiaMen Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd. 年 5 月 20 日 第 1 版 / 第 0 次修改 2012 as the detection sensitivity of single crystal straight probe.
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（UT）工艺规程 XSI/QMD-NDT-UT-01 12.7.4 Adjust the secondary bottom wave of no defects to 100% of full screen graduation 12.7.5凡缺陷信号幅度超过荧光屏满刻度20%的部位或底波消失的区域，应在工件表面作出标记，并予以记录。
12.7.5 The area that amplitude of defect signal over 20% of full screen graduation or bottom wave disappearance, should be marked on the surface of the work piece, and recorded.
12.8检测方法 Detection methods
12.8.1平板对接焊缝的检测 Inspection of plate butt weld
⑴为检测纵向缺陷，原则上采用一种K值探头或两种K值探头在焊缝的单面双侧进行检测。母材厚度大于100mm，采用双面双例检测，如受几何条件限制，也可在焊缝双面单侧采用两种K值探头进行检测。斜探头应垂直于焊缝中心线放置在检测面上，作锯齿形扫查，见图5。探测前后移动的范围应保证扫查到全部焊缝截面。在保持探头垂直焊缝作前后移动的同时，还应作10°～15°的左右转动。
⑴ The detection of longitudinal defect, in principle using a K probe or two K probes to inspect on the single face-double side of weld. Base material thickness is larger than 100mm, using double faces-double sides detection, such as affected by geometric constraints, can also using two K probe to inspect on the double faces-single side of weld. Oblique probe should be perpendicular to the centerline of the weld placed on detection surface, as zigzag scan, see figure 5.Detection area of moving back and forth shall ensure to scan the whole weld section .In maintaining the probe vertical seam to move forth and back, at the same time should also turn around for 10°~15°.
图5 锯齿型扫查 Fig 5 zigzag scan
⑵为检测焊缝及热影响区的横向缺陷应进行平行和斜平行扫查。检测时，可在焊缝两侧边缘使探头与焊缝中心成10～20°作斜平行扫查。见图6。焊缝母材超过100mm时，应在焊缝的两面作平行扫查或采用两种K值探头（K1和K1.5或K1和K2并用）作单面两个方向的平行扫查。
⑵ The detection of the transverse defects in weld and heat affected zone should use parallel and inclined parallel scan. In detection, the probe made parallel scan in 10~20°to the weld center on both edge sides of weld seam. See figure 6.When base material thinness is more than 100mm, the probe made parallel scan on double faces, or using two K probe (K1 and K1.5 or K1 and K2 were used as single) to make parallel scan in two directions on single face.
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XiaMen Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd. 年 5 月 20 日 第 1 版 / 第 0 次修改 2012 无损检测
（UT）工艺规程 XSI/QMD-NDT-UT-01 图6 斜平行、平行扫查 Figure 6 Parallel and inclined parallel scan
⑶为确定缺陷的位置、方向和形状，观察缺陷支柱波形和区分缺陷信号或伪缺陷信号，可采用前后、左右、转角、环绕等四种探头基本扫查方式，见图7
⑶ For determining the defect location, direction and shape, the observed defects pillar waveform and distinguished flaw signal or false defect signal, can use four kinds of basic scanning methods as forward and back, left and right, corner, around, see Figure 7
图7 四种基本扫查方法 Figure 7 four basic scanning methods 12.8.2 曲面工件对接焊缝的检测 Detection of bend surface butt weld
⑴检测面为曲面时，可尽是按平板对接焊缝的检测方法进行检测。对于受几何形状限制，无法检测的部位应予以记录。
⑴The detection of curved surface, can use the detection method of plate butt weld. The detection surface is in geometry constraint, position that can not be detected should be recorded.
⑵纵缝检测时，对比试块的曲率半径与检测面曲率半径之差小于10%。
⑵ In the longitudinal seam detection, the curvature radius difference between contrast test block and detection surface is less than 10%.
①根据工件的曲率和材料厚度选择探头K值，并考虑几何临界角的限制，确保声束能扫查到整个焊缝。
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XiaMen Shipbuilding Industry Co.,Ltd. 年 5 月 20 日 第 1 版 / 第 0 次修改 2012 无损检测
（UT）工艺规程 XSI/QMD-NDT-UT-01 ① According to the curvature of the work piece and material thickness choice K value probe, and considering the constraints of geometric critical angle, to ensure that sound beam can scan across the weld.
②探头接触面修磨后，应注意探头入射点和K值的变化，并用曲线试块作实际测定。 ② The contact surface of probe after grinding, should take attention to the change of incidence point and K value, and actual mensurate in curve test block.
③当检测面曲率半径R大于W2/4且采用平面对比试块调节仪器时，应注意到荧光屏指示的缺陷深度或水平距离与缺陷实际的径向埋藏深度或水平距离弧长的差异，必要时进行修正。
③ When the detecting surface’s curvature radius R is greater than W2/4 and adjusting apparatus with plane contrast test block, should take attention to the difference between the depth or horizontal distance of screen indicating defects and the radial imbed depth or arc length of horizontal distance of actual defects, necessary correction.
⑶环缝检测时，对比试块的曲率半径应为检测面曲率半径的0.9～1.5倍。
⑶ In the ring seam detection, the curvature radius of contrast test block shall be 0.9~1.5 times than the curvature radius of detection surface.
12.8.3 管座角焊缝的检测 Inspection of pipe seat fillet weld ⑴一般原则 The general principle
在选择检测面和探头时应考虑到各种类型缺陷的可能性，并使声束尽可能垂直于该焊缝结构中的主要缺陷。
In the choice of testing surface and probe should consider the possibility of various types of defect, and make the sound beam possible perpendicular to the main defects in the weld structure.
⑵检测方式 The detection methods
根据焊缝结构形式，管座焊缝的检测有如下五种探测方式，可选择其中一种或几种方式组合实施检测。检测方式的选择应由合同双方商定，并考虑主要检测对象和几何条件的限制。（图8、图9）。
According to the weld structure form, pipe socket weld detection has the following five kinds of detection methods, can choose one or several combined to detect. The mode selection of test should be agreed by the two parties, and consider the main inspected object and geometric constraints. (Figure 8, figure 9).
图8 插入式管座角焊缝 Figure 8 Pipe socket weld
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