第Ⅱ卷（共 35 分）
第四部分：任务型阅读（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只写一个单词。
Technology can make us smarter or stupider, and we need to develop a set of principles to guide our everyday behavior and make sure that tech is improving and not holding up our mental processes. One of the big questions being debated today is: What kind of information do we need to have stored in our heads, and what kind can we leave “in the cloud” to be accessed as necessary?
An increasingly powerful group within education are supporting “digital literacy”. In their view, skills beat knowledge, developing “digital literacy” is more important than learning more content, and all facts are now Google-able and therefore unworthy of committing to memory. But even the most sophisticated digital literacy skills won?t help students and workers handle the world if they don?t have a broad base of knowledge about how the world actually operates. If you focus on the delivery mechanism and not the content, you?re doing kids a disservice (帮倒忙).
Indeed, evidence from cognitive (认知的) science challenges the idea that skills can exist independent of factual knowledge. Data from the last thirty years leads to a conclusion that is not scientifically challenging: thinking well requires knowing facts, and that?s true not only because you need something to think about. The very processes that teachers care about most—critical thinking processes—are closely intertwined (交织) with factual knowledge that is stored in long-term memory.
In other words, just because you can Google the date of Black Tuesday doesn?t mean you understand why the Great Depression happened or how it compares to our recent economic decline. There is no doubt that the students of today, and the workers of tomorrow, will need to innovate, cooperate and evaluate. But such skills can?t be separated from the knowledge that gives rise to them. To innovate, you have to know what came before. To cooperate, you have to share knowledge with your partners. And to evaluate, you have to compare new information against knowledge you?ve already mastered.
So here?s a principle for thinking in a digital world, in two parts. First, acquire a base of factual knowledge in any field in which you want to perform well. This base supplies the essential foundation for building skills, and it can?t be committed to a search engine.
Second, take advantage of computers? invariable memory, but also the brain?s elaborative memory. Computers are great when you want to store information that shouldn?t change. But brains are the superior choice when you want information to change, in interesting and useful ways: to connect up with other facts and ideas, to acquire successive layers of meaning to immerse for a while in your accumulated knowledge and experience and so produce a richer mental brew(混合物).
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Does Technology Make Us Smarter or Stupider? How can we distinguish between information about thinking Lead-in question skills and information about 71. ▲ knowledge? Technology helps us develop skills and 72. ▲ us of much Technology trouble in learning facts. makes us smarter. Technology makes it 73. ▲ to memorize all facts that can be accessed on the internet. Technology won?t help with our professional competence if we 74. ▲ the factual knowledge needed. Technology makes us stupider. Technology makes us ignore the fact that thinking skills are 75. ▲ in factual knowledge. Not only general thinking but also critical thinking 77. ▲ knowledge. Skills 76. ▲ on knowledge. Tomorrow?s professional competence can?t be separated from the acquiring, the sharing and the 78. ▲ of knowledge. Base your skill development on the knowledge in your 79. ▲ A two-part instead of “on the cloud”. principle Use computers for 80. ▲ information and brains for the opposite.
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第五部分：书面表达（满分 25 分）
请阅读下列材料，并按要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。 材料1：
各国对迟到时间容忍度的情况调查（单位：分钟）
706050403020100AmericaChinaIndia
材料2：
There are few habits as annoying as someone making us wait. However, some punctually-challenged people have no intention of offending anyone. They still want to keep friends, family and bosses happy. They are often painfully aware and ashamed of the damage their lateness could do to their relationships, reputations, careers and finances.
Johnson, a doctor in New York, says his reputation for being unpunctual can sometimes be attributed to a misunderstanding of opinion. “A friend will ask me to come over, and he?ll say ?come anytime from seven.? But if I do turn up at eight or later, he will be annoyed.”
Joanna, a teacher in London, for whom the most distressing thing is writing school reports, never makes the deadline for herself. “I always spend weeks carefully considering everything about the reports,” she says, “just for fear that any error arises.” 【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词为以上材料撰写概要；
2.用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括： （1）迟到带来的不良影响（至少两点）；
（2）给Johnson和Joanna提出你的建议，至少两条。 [写作要求]
1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3．不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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