综合这一方向的研究成果，主要有以下几种观点和见解。有观点认为: 互联网技术和金融的融合还没有达到非常合理、科学的地步，P2P 金融还会出现许多新问题。而当P2P 金融达到一定规模后，风险管控将会成为 P2P 金融健康发展的关键。如果对 P2P 金融进行监管，也将成为对 P2P监管者智慧的重要考验。有观点认为: 要对 P2P 金融进行风险管控，应该从对客户的征信做起，征信系统完善后，再对接借贷款双方，这样做虽然很辛苦，但可以规避许多风险，保障 P2P 金融行业的健康发展。同时，要明确行业监管的主体，为方便管理，应该进行属地管理。
3.4 谁来干: 金融领域干还是非金融领域干
综合这一方向的研究成果，主要有以下几种观点和见解。有观点认为: P2P 金融由有金融背景的团队来做更好;由于 P2P 金融是基于互联网的，有互联网基因，所以团队中应该有具有互联网知识和技能的专门性人才参加。有观点认为: P2P 金融既可以由传统金融转型发展而来，也可以由互联网公司创新而来，最后形成的团队，必须既有金融和投资知识、又有互联网知识。其中具有金融和投资方面知识的人员，要按照金融行业的规矩管控风险; 具有互联网方面知识的人员，要按照网络行业的规矩进行大数据分析，选定客户进行销售、客户维护，同时做好网络安全。有观点认为: P2P 金融代表了未来金融发展的方向，现在一些商业银行也大力发展 P2P 金融，但同时要防范风险向银行系统的转移，加大对 P2P 网络借贷平台的监管。
3.5 如何管: 跨界发展与分业监管
有观点认为: P2P 金融，从本质上讲，仍然是金融，与传统金融业相比，只不过是金融模式的变化，所以必须监管。如果不加强监管，就会出现跑路等问题，既对行业健康发展不利，又容易带来严重的社会问题，影响社会稳定。有观点认为: 在研究监管时，应该有国家投资基金，扶持这个领域中的顶层技术创新。P2P 金融作为一个新的金融业态，要对顶层提前进行研发，防止出现银行系统类似现在的问题。有观点认为: 欧洲、美国基于大数据的对个人的征信系统较为发达，可以有效防止欺诈行为。一是要尽快建立个人信用体系。二是要尽快建立 P2P 网络借贷的相关法律法规。三是要加强 P2P 网络借贷的行业自律。四是准入资格要非常清楚，实行备案注册制。
外文原文:
The small and medium-sized enterprise financing under P2P finance
Waitz M
Abstract
Small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult is worldwide difficult problem. Article introduces the concept of the Internet financial, mainly summarized the P2P financial in the development of financial innovation and integration of science and technology, a combination of academic research on P2P financial now of the five directions of various views and opinions. Points out the current P2P financial problems in the development of risk control, and analyses the trend of the Internet financial.
Keywords: P2P financial; Financial innovation; Risk control
1 Introduction
Look from the history of enterprise development, a large enterprise originate from small and medium-sized enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises (smes) is the most dynamic part of the national economy, often walk in the forefront of technology development, in the high-tech industry, clean energy, green economy, etc, have good performance, play an important role in the economic transformation. Small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult is worldwide difficult problem. These small and medium-sized enterprise financing environment and narrow channels, more than 60% are unable to get a bank loan. At present, science and technology enterprises and the characteristics of light assets, financing difficulties, become a huge bottleneck of sustainable development.
2 The concept of the Internet financial
In the past two years, the Internet financial show explosive growth, since 2014, the Internet financial sector performance strength. Current economic field exists the phenomenon of two special contradiction, one is the small and medium-sized enterprises in the total number of enterprises accounted for a large, but the universal problems of financing difficulties; Second, folk idle capital, but in addition to the stock market and housing market, it is difficult to invest in other areas. And on the basis of the Internet, cloud computing, big data and highly fit market leads the development of the Internet financial, to solve these two problems, better serve the real economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprise development to create a good financial environment, but also for China's overtaking play an important role in the implementation of international competition corners.
Internet financial besides master client, also facilitate completes the upstream suppliers, downstream capital use party, the integration of point and point, combining with the characteristics of the Internet (P2P) and the nature of financial (capital).Based on the development of the Internet financial, financial supply ability is improved, inclusive to strengthen, can mobilize more financial resources, broader, more coverage, more decentralized, more diversified needs.
The Internet the most narrow financial concept is P2P (Peer - to - Peer Lend - ing) financial platform, the core of the P2P model is: on the web site has a qualification platform, the borrower credit information, and provide the loan project specific situation, the borrower's integrity and economic strength and other related information; Investors according to the platform to provide information, make decisions, and finally made a decision of to make loans to borrowers.P2P finance is a new kind of financial model, through the Internet and large data, make to minimize the asymmetric information,
this new financing channels, for individuals and businesses to provide great convenience, is a beneficial supplement of the existing banking system. Peer-to-peer (P2P) had a great influence on financial business in China. Traditional banking business model, mainly is the savings and loan business, P2P entirely new business models, deconstructs the traditional banking business model, breaking the monopoly of state-owned Banks, to a certain extent, in the form of fragmentation added to the drawback of the market.
P2P financial innovation of science and technology and financial integration development, the release of the science and technology system reform and the double dividend of financial reform, to introduce more financial products to serve the scientific and technological innovation, support the development of science and technology enterprises, solve to create light assets of small and mid-sized enterprise multidimensional financing difficulties; Also is helpful for financial innovation, find new investment direction, in order to obtain a higher return on investment.
In 2005, the world's first P2P Zopa, a financial company (Zone of Possi - ble Agreement) was founded in London. In 2006, the United States, the first a P2P financial company Prosper founded in California. In 2007, our country the first P2P finance company established on credit, at present, the P2P financial firms more than more than 300, traded as high as more than 200 one hundred million. Financial risk is a highly amplified industry, P2P financial with convenient Internet natural attributes, but relative to the traditional financial institutions, financial in the Internet's openness also determines the P2P web site platform, information security, etc, could be affected by a great deal of challenges, risk control will be more pressure.
3 The five direction of current P2P financial 3.1 What is: it is subversive or supplementary
Has view: P2P financial is the innovation of the Internet