d.用作形式主语，形式宾语，代替不定式短语，动名词或从句。 It's no use talking with him about that. It took me twenty minutes to get there.
We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language. e.用在强调结构中。为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语，宾语或状语），常用强调结构\被强调成分 + that(或who)…\。 It was Liu Ming that I saw in the street this morning. It was in the classroom that he told me about it. 2)不定代词： ①all / both
a.both用于两个人或事物，all用于两个以上的人或事物，均可作主语。
All (of us) like fruits. /Both (of them) are good at English.
b.用作同位语。作主语同位语时须注意它们的位置不同，位于行为动词之前；位于be动词之后。
They all (或both) agreed with me. /They are all (或both) very healthy. I know them all (或both). ②one / it（人称代词）
one 代替可数名词，表示上面所提到的那一类人或物中的一个，其复数形式带定语时用ones，不带定语时用some。而it则用于指代上文提到的那个表示物的名词本身，既可指单数可数名词也可指不可数名词。
I don't have a watch but I'm going to buy one（或some）. I have a bicycle. My aunt gave it to me. ③no one / none
no one 只用于指人，而none 既可指人也可指物。如果说\若干人（物）之中一个也不\，用\of\后接复数名词时，谓语可以用复数，也可用单数；后接不可数名词时，谓语用单数。如：
No one told me that he had gone to Shanghai.
None of them have（或has）arrived yet.（不用no one） None of the money is mine.
④some / any /no /every +（thing, one, body等。） some 类用于肯定句，any类用于否定和疑问句。 I know nothing of what had happened to him. I have little rice, so I can't lend you any. She is going to buy some new dresses. 注:everyone和every one
前者意思是\每个人\，与everybody同义，后面不可跟of短语，后者意思是每个人或物，后面跟of短语。试比较：
everyone in the classroom（教室里的所有的人）
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every one of the children（这些孩子中的每一个） every one of the books（这些书中的每一本） ⑤部分否定与全部否定：
当all, both, each和every(body, thing)等表示整体意义的代词与否定词连用时，一般只表示部分否定，如果表示全部否定，应该用none, no one, neither, nobody, nothing等. All of the students were not late for the class. 不是所有学生上课都迟到的。 (现代英语中常写成：Not all the students were late for the class.）
None of the students were late for the class.没有一个学生上课迟到的。 3)疑问代词：
用于构成特殊疑问句，其中what, which, whose兼有形容词特征，可以和名词连用。 What job do you want to find? /Whose girl is she? Which subject is your best one?
所有疑问代词都可以起名词作用，在句子中担任成分。 Who told you? /Whom are you waiting for? Whose are those books?
在学习疑问代词时，对以下几组词注意区别： 1 which和what
两者均可与名词连用，就人或物提问。但是which一般用于有一定选择范围的情况，what用于无选择范围或究竟是什么还不清楚的情况。 Which colour do you like-green, red, yellow or brown? What colour is her dress?
What writers do you like best?
6 which和who 两者都可作代词，它们的区别是不管选择的范围是大还是小，which一般用作指物。
Which would you like to eat -steak or fish?
Who won the game -Smith or Johnson ?
当有一定选择范围时，which one代替who作宾语. Which one do you like better, your mother or your father? Which of可和人称代词或指人的名词连用,如：
Which of you has taken away my English book?
4)连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whoever等，除起连接作用外，还可以在从句中担当主语，宾语，定语，表语等成分。如：
The question is who can operate the new machine.（引导表语从句--作主语） They asked whose idea this was.（引导宾语从句--作定语） When you are older, you can watch whatever programme you like. （引导宾语从句--作定语）
I'll give my ticket to whoever wants it.
（这里whoever可看成\，or\）.
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试完成下列高考(06年前)单项选择题：
1.We couldn't eat in a restaurant because _______ of us had ______ money on us. A.all, no B.any, no C.none, any D.no one, any 2.Few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A.some B.any C.that D.those 3.I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was? A.where B.what C.how D.which
4.The Parkers bought a new house, but _____ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A.they B.it C.one D.which 5.I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ______.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing (答案1-----5 C C D B A ) 练习（一）、代 词 一、强化训练：
1. New English-Chinese Dictionary has been republished several times,_____ more up to date than the last edition.
A. any B. everyone C. either D. each
2. After paying 1,000 dollars_____ ,you'll all become full members of our club. A. each B. all C. every D. both 3._____ was her cruelty that we all hated her. A. It B. What C. That D. Such
4. Mary has been ill in bed for a week. I wonder if she is _____ better now. A. much B. some C. any D. very
5. -Which of these two ties will you take? -I don't like these. Do you have any_____ ? A. one B. other C. ones D. others
6. I' d rather ride a bike as bike riding has _____ of the trouble of taking buses. A. much B. all C. neither D. none
7. I need some blue ink today but there is _____ at hand.
A. not B. nothing C. a little D. none
8. I found the very watch of mine _____ I had left _____ .
A. where, it B. that, it C. which, one D. where, one 9. I haven't got time to get the tickets. Who's going to ____?
A. do so B. do it C. buy it D. do them
10. -Jack certainly has a high opinion of Susan. It can't be better than _____of him. A. hers B. she C. that D. her
11. -Shall we introduce ____ fire-fighting equipment from abroad? -Go ahead, if necessary. A. other B. a few more C. another D. some other
12. -How about the price of these refrigerators? -They are equal in price to, if not cheaper
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than,_____ at the other stores.
A. others B. it C. that D. the ones
13. -I dislike _____ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind. -So do I. A. them B. those C. it D. that
14. -Which do you prefer, classical music or pop music? -_____. I prefer folk music. A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither
15. Why don' t you trust and use old Tom? He is still as strong as _____ in the team.
A. nobody B. anybody else C. everybody D. somebody else
16. -Are the new methods taking any effect? -Yes,_____ articles are stolen from our supermarket.
A. few B. more C. some D. none
17. During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman,_____ brought the room to disorder.
A. it B. and which C. and that D. this
18. I've just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite. Tom, go and buy_____ back.
A. one B. any C. it D. some
19. -Do you have _____ at home now? -No, we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables.
A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something 20. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _____ will be a boy. A. he B. that C. it D. there 21. Surely it's _____ with the big nose you mean, not ____!
A. he, I B. him, me C. him, I D. he, me
22. The temperature can fall to -30℃. _____ is,30°C below freezing point. A. Which B. It C. That D. This
23. -The exam was easy, wasn't it? -Yes, but I don' t think _____ could pass it. A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody 24. Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get _____ half. A. every B. each C. another D. either 25. _____ of us can do everything, but all of us can do _____ .
A. None, something B. Some, everything C. Few, something D. Few, nothing
26. -May I help you with some gloves, sir? -Yes, I'd like to try those blue ____. A. one B. ones C. pair D. two
27. Of all my friends _____ will be able to persuade Tom to change his mind. He is so firm upon it.
A. none B. nobody C. neither D. no one
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28. -Is he content to accept our offered price?
-Yes. He cares more about the quality. Money is _____ to him.
A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something 29. I have no idea which was better, so I took ____ of them. A. both B. none C. all D. any
30. You mustn't always do _____ as he asks you to do. He may be wrong sometimes. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 31. I'm no painter, and to me, one painting is much like .
A. another B. the other C. others D. one
32. I didn't want either of ____ hats and asked the salesman to show me_____.
A. those, another B. two, the other C. all, the others D. both, others 33. The children were catching butterflies in the garden. Some caught a lot, and others caught _ at all.
A. nothing B. none C. no one D. neither 34. Thank you very much indeed. That' s _____ of you.
A. kindest B. most kind C. the kinder D. the most kind
35. Jack is a very likable fellow, but I've learned to take _____ he says with a grain of salt. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
36. -I love you more than her, child. -You mean more than ____ love her or more than she loves ____?
A. you, me B. I, you C. you, you D. I, me
练习（二）、代 词
二、高考题选：
1. Was it during the Second World War _____he died? (MET88) A．that B. while C. in which D. then
2. Is _____necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88H) A．everyone B. this C. her D. it
3．Is _____possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (MET88) A．now B. that C. it D. man
4．His Parents wouldn't let him marry anyone _____family was poor．(MET88) A．of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
5．_____leaves the room last ought to turn off the light． (MET88) A．Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
6．_____writer is better known in China，Charcles Dickens or Mark Twain? (MET88) A．Which B. What C. Either D. Whether
7．---Have you seen Tom and Mary? ---I haven' t seen _____of them．(MET88) A．neither B. any C. either D. all
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