重庆邮电大学移通学院毕业设计(论文)
二 仿真结果与分析
本设计采用51单片机AT89C51(晶振频率为12MHZ)对两相四线制步进电机进行控制。通过I/O口输出的具有时序的方波作为步进电机的控制信号,信号经过芯片L298驱动步进电机。可以通过按键来对步进电机进行正转,反转及转速的控制。通过正反转按键可以使步进电机正转并在了LCD上显示当前的转速和转动方向(正转:CW;反转:CCW)。设计的步进电机基本能实现预期目标,经过调试和修改,但还是存在问题,比如按开关的时候会出现不稳定情况,转速有时比较乱,显示有时也有些不理想,后面的工作就是在软件和硬件等方面进行修改,以完全达到预期目标。
重庆邮电大学移通学院毕业设计(论文)
总结
本设计方案是基于MSP430F149单片机的点光源的跟踪系统,光敏三极管检测到的信号经过放大在送给单片机并处理并显示在液晶屏幕上,同时将处理的结果以脉冲的形式输出给步进电机,使激光笔跟踪到点光源的位置。在系统设计的过程中学习到了很多的知识,了解了一个系列的单片机MSP430,并学习了一些相关的理论知识还将其应用到了方案的设计当中去,同时也学习了步进电机的工作原理和驱动芯片的L298N的相关知识,了解了LCD液晶显示器FYD12864-0402B的显示过程。虽然在设计的过程中遇到了不少的问题,但是在老师的耐心的指导下,自己的不断努力学习和同学们的相互交流,最终圆满的解决了所遇的一切问题。本设计基本上能按照要求对点光源进行X/Y 轴方向的跟踪,。通过单片机对外部光电信号的采样转换,输出一定频率的脉冲。可根据控制系统的追踪时间要求来改变脉冲的频率,以此来改变步进电机的旋转速度带动工作台进行实时跟踪, 在电路中增加了手动校准电路,可以使光
敏三极管快速的寻找到点光源的大概位置,然后实施自动跟踪功能。
重庆邮电大学移通学院毕业设计(论文)
致谢
本设计的完成是在我们的导师蒋建春老师的细心指导下进行的。在每次设计遇到问题时老师不辞辛苦的讲解才使得我的设计顺利的进行。从设计的选题到资料的搜集直至最后设计的修改的整个过程中,花费了蒋老师很多的宝贵时间和精力,在此向导师表示衷心地感谢!导师严谨的治学态度,开拓进取的精神和高度的责任心都将使学生受益终生!
在此论文撰写过程中,要特别感谢我的导师蒋建春的指导与督促,同时感谢他的谅解与包容。没有蒋老师的帮助也就没有今天的这篇论文。求学历程是艰苦的,但又是快乐的。感谢我的辅导员陶晗老师,谢谢他在这四年中为我们全专业所做的一切,她不求回报,无私奉献的精神很让我感动,再次向她表示由衷的感谢。在这四年的学期中结识的各位生活和学习上的挚友让我得到了人生最大的一笔财富。在此,也对他们表示衷心感谢。
重庆邮电大学移通学院毕业设计(论文)
参考文献
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[4]宁爱华.步进电机的微机控制方法与高速特性分析.西南民族大学学报(自然科学版), 2003 [5]沈建华,杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与应用[M],清华大学出版社, 2008
[6]沈建华,杨艳琴,瞿晓曙.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2004 [7]秦龙.MSP430单片机常用模块与综合系统实例精讲[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2007 [8]李朝清.单片机原理及接口技术[M].北京:北京航空航空航天大学出版社,1999 [9]胡大可.MSP430系列单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M],北京航空航天大学出版社,2003 [10]魏小龙.MSP430系列单片机接口技术及系统设计实例[M],北京航空航天大学出版社,2002 [11]谢楷,赵健.MSP430F149系列单片机系统工程设计与实践[M],机械工业出版社,北京,2009.7 [12]刘复华. 单片机及其应用系统. 北京:清华大学出版社,1992
[13]利尔达,沈建华,杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机实践与系统设计[M],清华大学出版社,北京,2005.4
[14]利尔达,沈建华,杨艳琴.MSP430系列16位超低功耗单片机原理与应用[M],清华大学出版社,北京,2005.4
[15]丁金华,孙秋花. 串行时钟芯片DS 1302 的应用[J ] . 大连轻工业学院学报,1998, (1) ,40–45 [16]余永权.ATMEL89 系列(MCS - 51 兼容) Flash 单片机原理及应用[M] . 北京:电子工业出版社,2000 [17]Energy Comparison of Seven MPPT Techniques for PV Systems A Dolara, R Faranda, S Leva. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications. Irvine: Sep 2009. Vol. 1, Iss. 3; p. 152 (11 pages) [18]Point-source violations: split-beam tracking of fish at close range Aquatic Living Resources, Volume 13, Issue 5, September-October 2000, Pages 291-295
James J. Dawson, Daniel Wiggins, Donald Degan, Harold Geiger, Deborah Hart, Barbara Adams
重庆邮电大学移通学院毕业设计(论文)
附 录
一、英文原文
The Basics of Solar Power for Producing Electricity
Using solar power to produce electricity is not the same as using solar to produce heat. Solar thermal principles are applied to produce hot fluids or air. Photovoltaic principles are used to produce electricity. A solar panel is made of the natural element, silicon, which becomes charged electrically when subjected to sun light.
Solar panels are directed at solar south in the northern hemisphere and solar north in the southern hemisphere (these are slightly different than magnetic compass north-south directions) at an angle dictated by the geographic location and latitude of where they are to be installed. Typically, the angle of the solar array is set within a range of between site-latitude-plus 15 degrees and site-latitude-minus 15 degrees, depending on whether a slight winter or summer bias is desirable in the system. Many solar arrays are placed at an angle equal to the site latitude with no bias for seasonal periods.
The intensity of the Sun's radiation changes with the hour of the day, time of the year and weather conditions. To be able to make calculations in planning a system, the total amount of solar radiation energy is expressed in hours of full sunlight perm, or Peak Sun Hours. This term, Peak Sun Hours, represents the average amount of sun available per day throughout the year.
It is presumed that at \sun\1000 W/m of power reaches the surface of the earth. One hour of full sun provides 1000 Wh perm = 1 kWh/m - representing the solar energy received in one hour on a cloudless summer day on a one-square meter surface directed towards the sun. To put this in some other perspective, the United States Department of Energy indicates the amount of solar energy that hits the surface of the earth every +/- hour is greater than the total amount of energy that the entire human population requires in a year. Another perspective is that roughly 100 square miles of solar panels placed in the southwestern U.S. could power the country.
The daily average of Peak Sun Hours, based on either full year statistics, or average worst month of the year statistics, for example, is used for calculation purposes in the design of the system. To see the average Peak Sun Hours for your area in the United States, U.S.-Solar Insolation Choose the area closest to your location for a good indication of your average Peak Sun Hours.
For a view of global solar isolation values (peak sun-hours) use this link: Global Peak Sun-hour Maps , then, you can use [back] or [previous] on your browser to return right here if you want to.