化工管道设计技术词汇（中英对照完整版）
目录
1 管道组成件 Piping component ................................................................................................... 2
1.1 管子 Pipe .......................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 管件 Fitting ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 弯管 Bend ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG） ........................................................................................................... 5 1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT) ........................................................................................................... 6 1.6 阀门 Valve ......................................................................................................................... 7
1.6.1 阀门结构、零件 ..................................................................................................... 7 1.6.2 常用阀..................................................................................................................... 8 1.6.3 其它用途的阀 ....................................................................................................... 10 1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀 ............................................................................... 11 1.7 管道特殊件 Piping Specialty .......................................................................................... 12
1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件） ........................................................................................... 12 1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element ................................................................. 13 1.8 端部连接 End Connection .............................................................................................. 14 2 管道用紧固件及螺纹 ................................................................................................................. 15
2.1 紧固件.............................................................................................................................. 15 2.2 螺纹.............................................................................................................................. 16 3 材料、型钢及填料 ..................................................................................................................... 16
3.1 金属材料.......................................................................................................................... 16
3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal ...................................................................................... 16 3.1.2 镀层及制造方法 ................................................................................................... 17 3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal ................................................................................ 18 3.1.4 材料性能 ............................................................................................................... 18 3.2 非金属材料 Non-metallic Material ................................................................................ 19 3.3 型材 ................................................................................................................................. 20 3.4 填料及填料函 .................................................................................................................. 21 4 管道等级及材料统计 ................................................................................................................. 21
4.1 管道材料规定 Piping Material Specification .................................................................. 21 4.2 材料统计 Material Take-off (MTO) ................................................................................. 22 5 设备布置及管道布置 ................................................................................................................. 22
5.1 设备名称 Equipment Name ........................................................................................... 22
5.1.1 容器 Vessel ........................................................................................................... 22 5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉 ....................................................................................................... 25 5.2 辅助用房名称 .................................................................................................................. 25
5.2.1 生产用房 ............................................................................................................... 25 5.2.2 生活用房 ............................................................................................................... 26 5.3 图名 ................................................................................................................................. 26
5.4 厂房、站、单元 .............................................................................................................. 26 5.5 设备布置.......................................................................................................................... 26 5.6 管道布置.......................................................................................................................... 27 5.7 图面标注.......................................................................................................................... 29 5.8 相关专业的专业词汇 ...................................................................................................... 29
5.8.1 工艺....................................................................................................................... 30 5.8.2 建筑、结构 ........................................................................................................... 32 5.8.3 仪表....................................................................................................................... 33 5.8.4 电气....................................................................................................................... 34 5.8.5 设备....................................................................................................................... 35 5.8.6 水道....................................................................................................................... 35
6 管道支吊架 Pipe Supports and Hangers ................................................................................... 37
6.1 管架零部件 Attachment of Support ............................................................................... 37 6.2 管支架型式 Type of Pipe Support .................................................................................. 38 6.3 标准及通用型支架 .......................................................................................................... 38 6.4 管架安装.......................................................................................................................... 39 7 应力计算..................................................................................................................................... 39 8 隔热、隔声................................................................................................................................. 42 9 防腐、涂漆及腐蚀种类 ............................................................................................................. 43 10 焊接 Welding ........................................................................................................................... 44
10.1 焊接种类 Varieties of Welding ..................................................................................... 45 10.2 焊接形式 Type of Welding ............................................................................................ 45 10.3 焊接位置 Welding Position .......................................................................................... 46 10.4 焊接缺陷 Defects of Welding ....................................................................................... 46 10.5 其它 ............................................................................................................................... 46 11 热处理 Heat Treatment ........................................................................................................... 47
11.1 普通热处理 Conventional Heat Treatment .................................................................. 47 11.2 表面热处理 Surface Heat Treatment ........................................................................... 48 12 检验及试验............................................................................................................................... 48
12.1 检验 Inspection ............................................................................................................. 48 12.2 试验 Test ....................................................................................................................... 48 13 设计阶段及管理 ....................................................................................................................... 49 14 询价、报价及采购 ................................................................................................................... 51
14.1 询价、报价 .................................................................................................................... 51 14.2 采购 Procurement; Purchase ........................................................................................ 51 15 单位 Unit .................................................................................................................................. 52
1 管道组成件 Piping component
1.1 管子 Pipe
管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe
管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube 钢管 steel pipe
铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe
碳钢管 carbon steel pipe 合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢 stainless steel pipe
奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管 ferritic 铁素体的 alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe 锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe
无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe
电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe
电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe
热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe 冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe 水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube
直管 run pipe; straight pipe
1.2 管件 Fitting
弯头 elbow
异径弯头 reducing elbow 带支座弯头 base elbow
长半径弯头 long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow
长半径180°弯头 long radius return 短半径180°弯头 short radius return
带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（ 形） double branch elbow
三通 tee
异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee
带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand) 异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)
异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run) 带支座三通 base tee
异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通 45° lateral tee
45°斜三通（支管为异径） 45° lateral (reducing on branch) 45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)
45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch) Y型三通（俗称裤衩） true “Y” 四通 cross
等径四通 straight cross 异径四通 reducing cross
异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)
异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)
异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)
异径管 reducer
同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 锻制异径管 reducing swage 螺纹支管台 threadolet 焊接支管台 weldolet 承插支管台 sockolet 弯头支管台 elbolet 斜接支管台 latrolet
镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet 短管支管台 nipolet
支管台，插入式支管台 boss 管接头 coupling, full coupling 半管接头 half coupling
异径管接头 reducing coupling 活接头 union
内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing 管帽 cap (C) 堵头 plug
大管堵 bull plug 短节 nipple
异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple
1.3 弯管 Bend
预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend
跨越弯管（^ 形） cross-over bend 偏置弯管（~ 形） offset bend 90°弯管 quarter bend 环形弯管 circle bend
单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bend S形弯管 “S” bend
单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形） single offset “U” bend U形弯管 “U” bend
双偏置U膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U” bend 斜接弯管 lateral bend
三节斜接弯管 3-piece lateral bend 折皱弯管 corrugated bend 圆度 roundness
1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG）
整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange
滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange
松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF) stub end 对焊法兰 welding neck flange (WNF) 法兰盖 blind flange, blind 孔板法兰 orifice flange 异径法兰 reducing flange
盘座式法兰 pad type flange 松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange 焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange
对焊环 welding neck collar （与stub end相似） 平焊环 welding-on collar 突缘短节 stub end, lap 翻边端 lapped pipe end
松套板式法兰 loose plate flange
压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class