1． There may be times when we are powerless against injustice, but there must not be a time when we fail to protest. 有时我们可能对非正义的行为无能为力，但任何时候我们都决不应该放弃抗议。
属于解说或补充说明的非限定性定语从句，常以拆句为宜，
译成并列句或独立句：
1． The baby who was traded for a horse was George Washington Carver, who became
one of the world’s greatest scientists.
这个卖一匹马价钱的婴儿就是乔治，华盛顿，他后来成为世界上最伟大的科学家。 1. The Grand Cannel was built at the end of 7 century, which is still used today
for transportation.
大运河开凿于7 世纪末，至今还承担繁忙的运输任务。
2. Air is a mixture of gases, of which nitrogen forms 78 percent by volume. 空气十多种气体的混合物，其中氮气按体积占78%。
3. This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came
to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. 这种趋势始于第二次世界大战，当时一些政府得出这样的结论：政府要向科研机构提出的要求通常是无法具体的预见到。
译成让步状语从句：
1. The silicon ship, which is smaller than a penny, consists of millions of electronics components like transistors and diodes.
虽然硅的芯片比一美分硬币还小得多，但它包括了数百万像晶体和二极管这样的电子
元件。
译成条件状语从句：
1． Frozen food which is not kept properly will also go bad. 如果保存不好，冷冻食品也会变质。
译成原因状语从句：
1． Aircraft coated with a thin layer of a certain nano materials, which can absorb microwaves, can not be detected by radar. 因为特殊的纳米材料吸收微波，涂上它的飞机可以不被雷达发现。
译成目的或结果状语从句：
1．A layer of polycrystal diamond has been grown on the surface of the cutting tool, which results in an increase of its surface hardness and longer service time.
在切削刀具表面生出一层金刚石多晶薄膜，因此道具的表面硬度增大，使用寿命更长。 2． Extensive research has been conducted in the development of organic or metallic-organic composite materials, which can be used to make high density storage devices.
th
11
人们广泛研究开发有机或金属有机复合材料，用于制造高密度储存仪器。
译成转折状语从句：
1. We have made all necessary preparations for the research project, which
still has many crucial problems to be solved.
我们已经为这个研究项目做好一切准备，但仍然有许多关键问题有待解决。
状语从句的译法：
英语的结果状语、方式状语、比较状语从句多位于主句之后，其他状语从句在前或在后。而汉语的结果状语从句和比较状语从句位于主句之后，方式状语从句可前可后，其他状语从句在主句之前。
When, where, that, as 可引导多种状语从句， 要根据上下文来判断它们的意义。如when 可以引导时间状语从句，条件状语从句，转折状语从句，或让步状语从句等。有时 可以省略不译，有时却不能省略。
1. I will come to see you when I have time.
如果我有时间，我就来看你。
2. I lent him ten dollars when I disliked him.
虽然我厌恶他，但我还是借给他10美元。
3. Why are you here when you should be in school?
你应该去上学，却怎么会在这？
4. I was just coming to see you when I ran into Mr Wilson.
我正来看你，突然遇到了威尔逊先生。
5. I had not been reading fro ten minutes when I heard a knock at the door. 我刚刚读了不到10分钟的书，就听到敲门声。
6. The audience kept quiet till the concert came to an end, when they gave a loud
applause.
观众鸦雀无声，直到音乐会结束，然后报以热烈的掌声。 7. Gone are the days when I am young and gay.
我快乐的青少年时代一去不复返了。
（复印 《短文写作及英汉翻译》p 250-252， 答案：275-277）
长句的翻译方法及练习：
复印《短文写作及英汉翻译》p 257-260, 264-268， 答案：277-283
《阅读完形翻译全突破》，129-134 练习与答案。 《2007 年考研英语必备》，315-331
12