The large, gleaming refrigerator is the focal point of most American kitchens. It holds enough food to last many days. It is cold enough to preserve that food well. Its advantages are clear. But that big refrigerator has its drawbacks as well, although they are not usually recognized. First of all, the large refrigerator encourages the hoarding of food, obesity and other eating problems. Also, it has destroyed the pleasant custom, still common in Europe, of going to market each day. Picking out one’s fresh produce daily while chatting with friends and neighbors is no longer a part of our lives. In addition, people’s desire to buy huge amounts of groceries just a few times a month has encouraged the growth of supermarkets and destroyed local grocery stores. Another victim of the giant refrigerator has been small local farmers, who can’t compete against the mega-producers favored by the supermarkets.
44.According to the passage, which of the following is regarded by the author as one of the victims of the “giant refrigerator”? A．The supermarkets.
B．The local grocery stores. D．The mega-producers
C．The American kitchens
45.From this passage, you could infer that many Europeans . A．are more economical shoppers than Americans B．are better cooks C．enjoy eating more
D．don’t have “giant” refrigerators
46.The author’s tone in this passage is mainly . A．cheerful C．critical
B．depressing D．optimistic
47.The passage mainly deals with . A．the advantages of shopping patterns in Europe B．disadvantages and advantages of large refrigerators C．fresh, healthy produce and daily meeting with friends D．wonderful modern kitchen appliances
Passage 3
Urbanization and industrialization demanded new directions in education. Public education, once a dream, now becomes a reality. Education was forced to meet new social changes. American society was getting much more complex; literacy became more essential. Secondary education, which had been almost totally in the hands of private individuals up to the time of the Civil War, gradually became a public concern. By the early 1900s there were over 7000 high schools, totaling an enrollment of over 1 million. Technological changes demand more vocational training. Subjects such as bookkeeping, typing, agriculture, woodworking, and metalworking were introduced into
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the curriculum. American education finally was becoming universal.
Higher education also responded to the need for more and different education. The Morril Act of 1862 established state land grant colleges that taught agricultural methods and vocational subjects. While curriculums included a large number of required courses during the first two years of college, more elective subjects were added during the last two years. In 1876 Hopkins University instituted America’s first graduate school for advanced study. In general, American education began to respond to the complexities of the industrial age and the need for a new focus in education.
48.One factor, repeatedly emphasized in the passage, is that . A．technological changes demanded more vocational training B．teaching methods were also changing
C．higher education also responded to the need for more different education D．education was forced to meet new social changes 49.Literacy became more essential because . A．American public education was far from enough B．American society was growing more complex C．the public was concerned about secondary education D．far fewer subjects were introduced into the school curriculum
50.In the last paragraph of the passage, the word “instituted” means . A．set up
B．provided D．prepared
C．set forth
PART TWO (30 POINTS)
IV.WORD FORMATIONS
Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each) 51.(title) 52.(essence) 53.(advantage) 54.(effect) 55.(courage) 56.(supervise)
Being a member you to discounts on tickets.
She has added a few characters and changed some names but this is a true story.
She argued that social , such as lacking a good living condition or a good standard of education, are major causes of crime.
She is not officially our boss, but she is in control of the office. It was of the young man to challenge the professor as to the potential genetic therapies.
Most health services are provided free of charge for low-income groups and at
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moderate charges for others, through local and national agencies, under the of the Department of Health.
57.(employ)
Four out of five U.S.corporations with more than 500 now offer educational opportunities to workers, and many professional associations have educational programs for their members.
58.(wide) 59.(consider) 60.(afford)
The range of university courses available has tremendously in recent years.
The nature of Canadian households has changed over the past quarter-century.
Radio exposed a wider audience to country music while new, relatively inexpensive recording technology made records available at prices.
V.ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
There are 4 groups of simple questions in this part, which are based on the texts you have learned. Give a brief answer to each of the questions. Your answers must be to the point and grammatically correct. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points, 5 points each)
61.In The Necklace by de Maupassant, what did Mme. Loisel strongly wish for and how do you account for those wishes? What is the irony in the story?
(From The Necklace)
62.Why did Smiley name his frog Daniel Webster? What did Smiley try to train him to do? For what purpose did he train his frog?
(From The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Cavaveras County)
63.According to Bricks from the Tower of the Bable, what are the purpose, ideal features and limitations of a universal language?
(From Bricks from the Tower of the Babel)
64.According to David Givens in What Body Language Can Tell you That Words Cannot, what is body language? What features does it have? Cite one or two examples of body language from the text.
(From What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot)
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