往复式压缩机毕业论文
往复式压缩机毕业论文
空气压缩机设计
摘要
往复式压缩机是工业上使用量大、面广的一种通用机械。立式压缩机是往复活塞式压缩机的一种，属于容积式压缩机，是利用活塞在气缸中运动对气体进行挤压，使气体压力提高。
热力计算、动力计算是压缩机设计计算中基本，又是最重要的一项工作，根据任务书提供的介质、气量、压力等参数要求，经过计算得到压缩机的相关参数，如级数、列数、气缸尺寸、轴功率等，经过动力计算得到活塞式压缩机的受力情况。活塞式压缩机热力计算、动力计算的结果将为各部件图形以及基础设计提供原始数据，其计算结果的精确程度体现了压缩机的设计水平。 关键词：活塞式压缩机; 热力计算; 动力计算;气缸；曲轴
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Abstract
Reciprocating compressor is a common type machine, used in the industry .V- type of piston compressors is a kind of reciprocating compressor, belong to the compressor , utilize the pistons in the cylinder moving to squeeze on the gas ,squeezed the gas pressure.
Thermal calculation and dynamical computation is basic of compressor design’ calculation, is also an important woke, according to medium, displacement, pressure of task-book, by calculating getting related parameters of compressors, such as levels, columns, size of cylinder, shaft power, by dynamical computation getting stressed status of a piston type compression, due to reduce the vibration is very important. heat calculation and dynamical computation of the piston type compressor, which is providing design data. The calculations reflect exactly the design level of the compressor.
Keywords: piston compressor; thermal calculation; dynamical computation; cylinder; cranksh
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目录
摘要 ................................................................................................................................ I Abstract......................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 引 言 ............................................................................................................................... 1
1.1压缩机设计的意义 ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2活塞压缩机的工作原理 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.3活塞压缩机的分类 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.4压缩机的发展前景 ............................................................................................................. 2 1.5压缩机设计说明 ................................................................................................................. 3
第二章 总体设计 ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.1设计依据及参数 ................................................................................................................. 5 2.2总体设计原则 ..................................................................................................................... 5 2.3结构方案的选择 ................................................................................................................. 5
2.3.1气缸排列型式的选择 .............................................................................................. 6 2.3.2运动机构的结构及选择 .......................................................................................... 7 2.3.3级数选择和各级压力比的分配 .............................................................................. 7 2.3.4转速和行程的确定 .................................................................................................. 9
第三章 热力计算 .................................................................................................................... 11
3.1确定各级的容积效率 ....................................................................................................... 11
3.1.1确定各级的容积系数 ............................................................................................ 11 3.1.2选取压力系数 ........................................................................................................ 12 3.1.4 泄漏系数 ............................................................................................................... 13 3.2确定析水系数 ................................................................................................................... 13 3.3 各级行程容积的确定 ...................................................................................................... 14 3.4汽缸直径的确定 ............................................................................................................... 14 3.5实际行程容积 ................................................................................................................... 15 3.6各级名义压力比 ............................................................................................................... 15 3.7 排气温度.......................................................................................................................... 16 3.8活塞力的计算 ................................................................................................................... 16 3.9计算轴功率....................................................................................................................... 16 3.10 驱动机的选择 ................................................................................................................ 17
第四章 动力计算 .................................................................................................................... 18
4.1压缩机中的作用力 ........................................................................................................... 18
4.1.1曲柄连杆机构的运动关系和惯性力 .................................................................... 18
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4.1.2往复惯性力 往复摩擦力 旋转摩擦力的计算 .................................................... 19 4.1.3各级气体力的计算 ................................................................................................ 20 4.1.4总活塞力及切向力 ................................................................................................ 28
第五章 气缸部分的设计......................................................................................................... 33
5.1气缸................................................................................................................................... 33
5.1.1结构形式的确定 .................................................................................................... 33 5.1.2气缸主要尺寸的计算 ............................................................................................ 33 5.2活塞................................................................................................................................... 34
5.2.1活塞环 .................................................................................................................... 34 5.2.2 活塞基本尺寸 ....................................................................................................... 35
第六章 基本部件的设计......................................................................................................... 37
6.1曲轴................................................................................................................................... 37
6.1.1 曲轴结构的选择 ................................................................................................... 37 6.1.2曲轴结构设计 ........................................................................................................ 37 6.1.3曲轴结构尺寸的确定 ............................................................................................ 37 6.1.4曲轴材料 ................................................................................................................ 39 6.1.5曲轴强度校核 ........................................................................................................ 39 6.2连杆................................................................................................................................... 39
6.2.1连杆结构设计 ........................................................................................................ 39 6.2.2 连杆尺寸计算 ....................................................................................................... 40
第七章 轴承 ............................................................................................................................... 45
7.1 滚动轴承及其结构确定 .................................................................................................. 45
第八章 联轴器 ........................................................................................................................... 46 第九章 填料和刮油器 ............................................................................................................. 47
9.1 填料的基本要求 .............................................................................................................. 47 9.2 填料的结构...................................................................................................................... 47 9.3 材料选择.......................................................................................................................... 47
第十章 气路系统 ...................................................................................................................... 48
10.1 空气滤清器 .................................................................................................................... 48 10.2 液气分离器、缓冲器和储气罐 .................................................................................... 48
第十一章 润滑系统 .................................................................................................................. 49 第十二章 冷却系统 .................................................................................................................. 50
12.1概述................................................................................................................................. 50 12.2冷却介质的选择 ............................................................................................................. 50
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